Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2012, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (18): 3782-3791.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.18.011

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Mixed Application of Controlled-release Fertilizer and Common Fertilizers on Greenhouse Tomato Growth, Yield, Root Distribution, and Soil Nitrate Residual

 YANG  Jun-Gang, ZHANG  Dong-Lei, XU  Kai, NI  Xiao-Hui, XIAO  Qiang, CAO  Bing, LIU  Bao-Cun, ZOU  Guo-Yuan   

  1. 1.北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所，北京100097
    2.北京市缓控释肥料工程技术研究中心，北京 100097
    3.北京市房山区农业科学研究所，北京 100015
  • Received:2012-02-24 Online:2012-09-15 Published:2012-07-09

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Abstract: 【Objective】An experiment was conducted in greenhouse in a Beijing suburb to evaluate the effects of mixed application of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) and common fertilizers on tomato growth and its environmental pollution. 【Method】Plant height，diameter, leaf area and chlorophyll, root distribution, fresh fruit yield and quality, mineral N (Nmin) dynamics in the 0 to 30 cm soil layer and NO3--N residual at harvest in the 0-180 cm soil profile were investigated. 【Result】The results showed that fruit yields were 84.1-90.8 t•hm-2 and there was no significant difference among treatments. However, in the controlled-release fertilizer treatment (CN270), fruit nitrate concentration was decreased and the sugar or acid content was improved when compared with other treatments. Plant height and diameter, or leaf chlorophyll were not reduced and leaf area was enlarged and then reached a remarkable difference level at the third spike fruit expanding stage in the CN270 treatment, when compared with the conventional fertilizer treatment (N450) which received 40% more nitrogen than the CN270 treatment. Most of the root system was concentrated in the top 30 cm of the soil profile, where root length density ranged between 0.39 and 1.75 cm•cm-3. Values of root length density from the N450 and CN270 treatments were similar, but were obviously larger than that from another conventional fertilizer treatment which received 270 kgN•hm-2(N270). Nmin ranged from 643 to 796 kg•hm-2 in the CN270 treatment in the 0-30 cm soil layer at fruit expanding stage, and a better N supply to meet plant requirement was also observed. At harvest, most of NO3--N accumulation in the surface soil layer in CN270 treatment resulted in less nitrate leaching down to the deeper soil layer. 【Conclusion】It was be concluded that the application of CRF and common fertilizers at a lower N rate achieved the same yield and higher fruit quality, better root growth and less leaching of NO3--N to deeper soil layers, when compared to conventional fertilization at a higher or same N rate. The mixed application of CRF and common fertilizer on the greenhouse tomato is a better way to obtain a better-quality fruit and energy-saving production system.

Key words: greenhouse tomato, controlled-release fertilizer, root distribution, soil nitrate

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