Abstract: 【Objective】The genetic diversity and relationship of Rosa rugosa were studied at the level of molecular, and the fingerprint was also established .This can give the cross breeding, classification and the identification some guidance. 【Method】Sequence related amplified polymorphism（SRAP）was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of 46 cultivars and 4 wild germplasms of Rosa rugosa and establish the fingerprint of the cultivars.【Results】15 primer pairs produced 264 loci of which 227 were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 85.98%, showed that Rosa rugosa had abundant diversity. The Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient (GS) ranged from 0.6012 to 0.9852 with an average of 0.7835; the average Nei’s genetic diversity (H) was 0.2665 and the Shannon’s information index(I) was 0.4033 in 50 germplasms , the 4 wild germplasms’ H=0.1225 and I= 0.1787, it was largely lower than the cultivars (H=0.2684, I=0.4059). The result showed that the genetic diversity of cultivars was more abundant. 【Conclusion】Based on the result of cluster analysis，the species origin should be considered firstly in the classification of Rose rugosa, then the plant type and the flower type. Three primer pairs were selected to establish the fingerprint of Rosa rugosa , which can be used in the identification.

Key words: Rose rugosa, SRAP, Genetic diversity, classification, fingerprint