利用三明显性核不育水稻创制耐热香稻新种质ZY532

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.18.001

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To meet the increasing food demand driven by population growth and environmental changes, it is necessary to continuously cultivate varieties with high yield, good quality, and multiple resistances. Efficiently create new germplasm with rich genetic backgrounds and genetic diversity to provide a reference for breeding new varieties that balance multiple excellent traits. 【Method】The Sanming dominant genic male sterile material was used to simplify the hybridization procedure. It was hybridized with multiple parents with distant geographical relationships to aggregate multiple excellent traits. Aiming at problems such as a narrow genetic basis and the difficulty of applying molecular markers, S221 was successively and continuously hybridized with materials such as 09598, Ezhong 5, Yuanfengzhan, Yunxiangruan, etc. Fertile plants were selected from the offspring of the last hybridization. The new variety was cultivated by combining the pedigree method with heat-tolerance analysis, rice quality analysis, and resistance screening. The DNA of 60 selected single plants from the F₁₀ series of lines and 4 parents was extracted. Primers for the target sites were designed. The target DNA fragments were captured by PCR and sequenced. Finally, the genotyping analysis of the target sites was carried out. The SLYm1R high-density rice whole-genome SNP chip was used for the analysis of functional genes. 【Result】Genotype analysis is carried out to analyze the degree of genetic relationship or similarity based on the magnitude of the base substitution rate. The parental materials Ezhong 5 and Yunxiangruan have a relatively distant relationship with other parental materials, while 09598 has a relatively close relationship with Yuanfengzhan. The base substitution rates among the three newly obtained lines are as follows: 0.0099545 (170531-170532), 0.0338213 (170531-170533), and0.0371913 (170532-170533). Within each line, the base substitution rate is 0, indicating that there are differences among the three lines, but there is no genetic difference within each line. Through successive generations and expansion propagation, new germplasms were formed, which were named ZY531, ZY532, and ZY533 respectively. The results of functional gene analysis show that the functional genes of the ZY532 series of germplasms are respectively derived from 4 parents, aggregating excellent genes from multiple parents. For example, the Os-MOT1;1 gene is derived from Yunxiangruan, which can reduce abiotic stresses such as molybdenum accumulation; the Bph3 gene is derived from 09598 and Ezhong 5, which can enhance the resistance to brown planthoppers; the OsGSK2 gene is derived from 09598, Yuanfengzhan, and Yunxiangruan, which can increase the length of the mesocotyl and is suitable for direct seeding; the Badh2 gene is derived from Yunxiangruan, making the rice fragrant; multiple blast resistance genes are derived from different parents and can also be aggregated into the innovative resources, enabling it to obtain good blast resistance. ZY532 has excellent rice quality, good blast resistance, and strong heat resistance. ZY532 also has good heat resistance, and the heat resistance of the hybrid combination prepared reaches level 3. 【Conclusion】When using dominant genic male sterility to cultivate new varieties, due to the complex genetic background, the breeding cycle is often long. Combining high-throughput SNP marker detection can quickly screen out stable lines and more types, which not only broadens the genetic basis but also improves the breeding efficiency. It is an efficient breeding method.

Key words: rice, Sanming dominant genic male sterility, germplasm innovation, gene pyramiding, heat-tolerance

QIU DongFeng, LIU Gang, LIU ChunPing, XIA KuaiFei, WANG TingBao, WU Yan, HE Yong, HUANG XianBo, ZHANG ZaiJun, YOU AiQing, TIAN ZhiHong. Breeding of a New Heat-Tolerance Fragrant Rice Germplasm ZY532 Using Sanming Dominant Genic Male Sterile Rice[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(18): 3571-3582.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 2

The detection results of functional genes of ZY531, ZY532, ZY533 and their parents"

序号 Number	类别 Category	染色体 Chr.	基因 Gene	Alt_Allele功能 Alt_Allele_function	ZY531	ZY532	ZY533	09598	鄂中5号 Ezhong 5	源丰占 Yuanfengzhan	云香软 Yunxiangruan
1	非生物胁迫 Abiotic stress	4	BET1	硼毒耐性增加 Increasing boron-toxicity tolerance	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
2		9	bZIP73	降低耐寒性 Decreasing chilling tolerance	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
3		11	HAN1	降低耐寒性 Decreasing chilling tolerance	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
4		8	Os-MOT1;1	减少钼积累 Decreasing molybdenum accumulation	√	√	√	—	—	—	√
5	生物胁迫 Biotic stress	4	Bph3	增强褐飞虱的抗性Increasing brown planthopper resistance	—	—	√	√	√	—	—
6		11	LHCB5	增强稻瘟病抗性 Increasing blast resistance	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
7		6	Pi2	抗稻瘟病 Resistance to rice blast	PC	—	√	√	—	PC	—
8		9	Pi5	抗稻瘟病 Resistance to rice blast	√	—	√	√	—	√	—
9		11	Pia	抗稻瘟病 Resistance to rice blast	—	√	—	—	√	—	—
10		6	Pid2	抗稻瘟病 Resistance to rice blast	—	—	—	—	√	—	√
11		6	Pid3	抗稻瘟病 Resistance to rice blast	—	√	—	—	—	—	√
12		12	Pita	抗稻瘟病 Resistance to rice blast	—	—	√	√	—	—	√
13		11	Xa26/Xa3	增强白叶枯病抗性 Increasing blight resistance	—	√	√	√	√	√	√
14	抽穗期 Heading date	2	DTH2/Hd7	长日照条件，抽穗期延迟 Delaying heading date under LD	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
15		6	Hd1	长光照条件，抽穗期提前 Promoting heading date under LD	√	√	√	—	√	—	√
16		6	Hd17/Hd3b	抽穗期延迟 Delaying heading date	√	—	√	√	—	√	—
17		1	HESO1/ OsHESO1	延迟抽穗 Later days to headings	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
18		2	OsCOL4	抽穗期提前 Promoting heading date	N	√	N	N	√	√	—
19		3	OsMADS50/ Hd9/OsSOC1/ DTH3	抽穗期延迟 Delaying heading date	√	—	√	√	√	√	√
20		1	OsMADS51	抽穗期延迟 Delaying heading date	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
21	株型 Plant architecture	5	OsGSK2	中胚轴长度增大 Increasing mesocotyl length	√	√	√	√	—	√	√
22	粒型 Seed morphology	3	GS3	长粒 Large grain (loss-of-function)	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
23		1	qSH1	落粒Seed shattering	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
24		5	qSW5/GW5	增加粒宽 Enhancing grain width	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
25	品质 Taste quality	6	ALK	增加了中长型支链淀粉的含量，糊化温度升高 High gelatinization temperature	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
26	品质 Taste quality	8	Badh2	香味Fragrance	√	—	√	—	—	—	√
27	产量构成 Yield components	7	GE/CYP78A13/ BG2	增加籽粒大小 Increasing grain size	√	—	√	√	—	√	√
28		1	Gn1a/ OsCKX2	穗粒数增加 Increasing grain number	N	√	√	√	√	√	√
29		3	GNP1	穗粒数以及株高增加 Increasing grain number and plant height	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
30		5	GS5	粒宽减小 Decreasing grain width	√	—	√	—	—	√	—
31		8	GW8/ OsSPL16	增加粒宽 Increasing grain width	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
32		4	LSCHL4	增加千粒重 Increasing 1000-grain weight	N	√	—	—	—	—	√
33		1	NOG1	穗粒数增加 Increasing grain number	√	√	√	√	—	√	√
34		5	PTB1	提高结实率 Increasing setting rate	—	√	—	√	—	√	—
35	其他 Others	10	NRT1.1B	提高氮利用效率 Higher nitrogen use efficiency	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
36		1	OsPME1	提高羟甲基茉莉酸含量 More MeOH-Jasmonates	√	—	√	√	√	√	√
37		2	OsTSD2	提高羟甲基茉莉酸含量 More MeOH-Jasmonates	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
38		1	psr1	提高再生能力 Increasing regeneration ability	√	√	√	√	√	√	√

Table 2

Fig. 3

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

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序号 Number	材料名称 Material name	特征 Characteristics	来源地 Source
1	S221	三明显性核不育 Sanming dominant genic male sterility	福建三明 Sanming, Fujian
2	09598	抗稻瘟病、耐高温 Resistant to rice blast and tolerant to high temperature	广东广州 Guangzhou, Guangdong
3	鄂中5号 Ezhong 5 hao	优质、耐高温 High quality and tolerant to high temperature	湖北武汉 Wuhan, Hubei
4	源丰占 Yuanfengzhan	优质 High quality	广东广州 Guangzhou, Guangdong
5	云香软 Yunxiangruan	优质有香味 High quality and fragrant	云南昆明 Kunming, Yunnan
6	R203	耐高温 Tolerant to high temperature	湖北武汉 Wuhan, Hubei

种质名称 Germplasm name	全生育期 Entire growth period (d)	每穗粒数 Number of grains per panicle	结实率 Seed setting rate (%)	千粒重 Thousand grain weight (g)	长/宽 Length/width
ZY531	137	194.9	75.3	19.7	3.2
ZY532	132	162.0	78.3	21.0	3.3
ZY533	138	200.1	79.2	18.5	3.2

品种 Varieties	样品类型 Sample type	2-AP含量 2-AP content (μg·kg^-1)
ZY532	精米 Polished rice	3858.17
美香占2号（对照）Meixiangzhan 2 (CK)	精米 Polished rice	749.31

试验年份 Test year	试验组别 Test group	红庙病圃 Disease nursery at Hongmiao				两河病圃 Disease nursery at Lianghe				望家病圃 Disease nursery at Wangjia				咸丰病圃 Disease nursery at Xianfeng				抗性指数 Resistance index	损失最高病级 Highest loss level	抗性评价 Resistance evaluation
试验年份 Test year	试验组别 Test group	叶瘟 Leaf blast	穗瘟 Panicle blast	穗瘟损失 Loss of panicle blast	综合指数 Comprehensive index	叶瘟 Leaf blast	穗瘟 Panicle blast	穗瘟损失 Loss of panicle blast	综合指数 Comprehensive index	叶瘟 Leaf blast	穗瘟 Panicle blast	穗瘟损失 Loss of panicle blast	综合指数 Comprehensive index	叶瘟 Leaf blast	穗瘟 Panicle blast	穗瘟损失 Loss of panicle blast	综合指数 Comprehensive index	抗性指数 Resistance index	损失最高病级 Highest loss level	抗性评价 Resistance evaluation
2020	湖北省中籼品比试验 The mid-season indica rice variety comparison trial in Hubei Province	2.0	3.0	1.0	1.8	2.0	5.0	3.0	3.3	5.0	3.0	3.0	3.5					2.9	3.0	中抗 MR
2024	湖北省恩施州迟熟试验 The late-maturing trial in Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province	4.0	5.0	1.0	2.8	5.0	7.0	3.0	4.5					2.0	3.0	1.0	1.8	3.0	3.0	中抗 MR

试验地点 Test site	试验年份 Test year	品种 Variety	始穗期 Initial heading stage (M/D)	齐穗期 Full heading stage (M/D)	穗期平均气温 Mean air temperature at heading stage (℃)	结实率 Seed setting rate (%)	相对结实率 Relative seed setting rate (%)
海南陵水 Lingshui, Hainan	2022年春季 Spring 2022	R203	3/15	3/20	27.0	85.32
海南陵水 Lingshui, Hainan	2022年春季 Spring 2022	ZY532	3/10	3/16	25.9	91.15
湖北武汉 Wuhan, Hubei	2022年夏季 Summer 2022	R203	8/6	8/11	33.3	77.41	90.73a
	2022年夏季 Summer 2022	ZY532	8/15	8/20	34.0	81.89	89.84a
	2024年夏季 Summer 2024	R203	8/10	8/15	31.4	76.74	89.94a
	2024年夏季 Summer 2024	ZY532	8/12	8/17	31.0	78.73	86.37a

Breeding of a New Heat-Tolerance Fragrant Rice Germplasm ZY532 Using Sanming Dominant Genic Male Sterile Rice

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