河南省畜禽粪便同效当量替代化肥供需平衡分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.23.013

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to determine the reasonable and appropriate amount and proportion of regional livestock and poultry manure nutrient resources to replace chemical fertilizer. The findings would provide valuable insights for mitigating pollution caused by livestock and poultry breeding, promoting efficient and rational use of organic fertilizers derived from livestock and poultry, enhancing fertilizer efficiency, and facilitating agricultural safety production. 【Method】 Following the concept of substituting chemical fertilizer nitrogen (N) with an equivalent amount of livestock and poultry manure organic nitrogen (N), this study conducted a comparative analysis of the total nutrient content of livestock and poultry manure as well as the purification amount of chemical fertilizers applied crops in Henan Province in 2020. It explored the variations in the fertilizer replacement ability of livestock and poultry manure in different cities. 【Result】 (1) In 2020, the yield of livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province was 1.21×10⁸ t, in which the organic nitrogen (N) and organic phosphorus (P₂O₅) nutrient content were 53.16×10⁴t and 24.57×10⁴ t, respectively, accounting for 29.2% and 28.7% of the total consumption amount of N and P₂O₅ in Henan Province. (2) The actual N application amount on different crop types was as follows: grain crops (109.03×10⁴ t)>vegetables (34.14×10⁴ t)>oil crops (15.04×10⁴ t)>fruit trees (14.77×10⁴t)>tea trees (2.72×10⁴ t)>cotton (0.19×10⁴ t), among which grain crops and vegetables took a dominated demand of the consumption, accounting for 81.4% of the total N consumption on crops in Henan Province. The actual N application amount in the 8 cities of Zhoukou, Nanyang, Xinyang, Xinxiang, Zhumadian, Shangqiu, Anyang, and Kaifeng was more than 10⁵ t separately, accounting for 74.2% of the total application amount in Henan Province. (3) The organic nitrogen (N) and organic phosphorus (P₂O₅) of livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province were generally in a state of supply and demand balance. For N nutrient supply, it was less than demand only in Xinyang; whereas the supply exceeded demands in the 10 cities of Kaifeng, Luoyang, Hebi, Puyang, Xuchang, Luohe, Sanmenxia, Shangqiu Zhumadian and Jiyuan; and it was in the balance state in all other cities in Henan. Regarding P₂O₅ nutrient supply from livestock and poultry manure, it was less than demand only in Zhengzhou, and the supply exceeded demands in the 6 cities of Hebi, Puyang, Xuchang, Luohe, Sanmenxia and Zhumadian; it achieved a balance between supply and demand in all other cities in Henan. 【Conclusion】 The livestock and poultry manure production was abundant in Henan Province. The organic nitrogen (N) and organic phosphorus (P₂O₅) of livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province were generally in a state of supply and demand balance, and all livestock and poultry manure could be returned to the field as fertilizers, however, there was an imbalance between regional supply and demand spatially. The fertilizer requirement of different crops varies greatly, and the breeding industry should be reasonably distributed according to the scale and structure of crop cultivation, so as to achieve a balance between supply and demand of livestock and poultry manure as a substitute for chemical fertilizer, and to realize the ecological agricultural cycle mode of combining planting and breeding.

Key words: livestock and poultry manure, iso equivalent, organic fertilizer, substitution of chemical fertilizer, supply and demand balance, Henan Province

GAO HuiShan, LI GenMing, ZHANG JinCai, JI GuangXing, LI QingSong. Supply and Demand Balance Analysis of Livestock and Poultry Manure Equivalent Substitution of Chemical Fertilizer in Henan Province[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(23): 4746-4760.

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排泄量系数 Excretion (kg·d^-1)	猪Pig	牛Cattle	羊Sheep	家禽Poultry
粪Excrement	2.00	20.00	2.60	0.125
尿Urine	3.30	10.00	—	—

养分Nutrient content (g·d^-1)	猪Pig	牛Cattle	羊Sheep	家禽Poultry
N	29.00	72.74	2.15	1.27
P₂O₅	11.93	31.35	1.05	0.68

作物类型 Crop type	取值范围 Range of values (%)	数据来源 Data source	推荐值 Recommended value (%)
粮食作物 Grain crops	20	申长卫等^[22]、季佳鹏等^[23]、石鑫蕊等^[24]、朱文博等^[25]、刘明月等^[26] SHAN C W, et al^[22], JI J P, et al^[23], SHI X R, et al^[24], ZHU W B, et al^[25], LIU M Y, et al^[26]	15-30
	18-24	鲁伟丹等^[27]LU W D, et al^[27]
	25	马献发等^[28]、杨胜玲等^[29]MA X F, et al^[28], YANG S L, et al^[29]
	15-30	李永华等^[30]、刘学彤等^[31]LI Y H, et al^[30], LIU X T, et al^[31]
	30	赵吉霞等^[32]、熊波等^[33] ZHAO J X, et al^[32], XIONG B, et al^[33]
油料作物 Oil crops	25	李娟等^[34]LI J, et al^[34]	25-60
	30	万辰等^[35] WAN C, et al^[35]
	40	张敏等^[36]ZHANG M, et al^[36]
	50	任廷虎等^[37] REN T H, et al^[37]
	60	傅伟等^[38] FU W, et al^[38]
棉花 Cotton	20 and 40	牛新湘等^[39]NIU X X, et al^[39]	20-50
	40	孙桂兰等^[40]SUN G L, et al^[40]
	50	汪苏洁等^[41] WANG S J, et al^[41]
果树 Fruit trees	30	李苹等^[42]、裴宇等^[43]LI P, et al^[42], PEI Y, et al^[43]	30-50
果树 Fruit trees	50	张志林等^[44]、杨莉莉等^[45]、孙海高等^[46] ZHANG Z L, et al^[44], YANG L L, et al^[45], SUN H G, et al^[46]	30-50
蔬菜 Vegetables	20	杨岩等^[47]、李晓亮等^[48]、汤桂容等^[49] YANG Y, et al^[47], LI X L, et al^[48], TANG G R, et al^[49]	20-30
	25	武星魁等^[50] WU X K, et al^[50]
	30	耿川雄等^[51]、郑福丽等^[52]、何万春等^[53] GENG C X, et al^[51], ZHENG F L, et al^[52], HE W C, et al^[53]
茶树 Tea trees	50 or 70	常珺枫等^[54] CHANG J F, et al^[54]	50-100
	70	李陈等^[55]、郭龙等^[56] LI C, et al^[55], GUO L, et al^[56]
	70 or 100	周晓天等^[57]ZHOU X T, et al^[57]

地区Region	牛Cattle	猪Pig	羊Sheep	家禽Poultry	合计Total
郑州Zhengzhou	53.22	75.79	28.77	33.45	191.24
开封Kaifeng	376.13	267.08	177.98	110.36	931.56
洛阳Luoyang	322.92	126.24	76.17	67.91	593.23
平顶山Pingdingshan	206.85	222.05	125.48	58.12	612.49
安阳Anyang	54.09	151.09	54.13	97.07	356.38
鹤壁Hebi	22.45	90.75	32.36	64.34	209.89
新乡Xinxiang	194.80	246.76	63.85	102.50	607.91
焦作Jiaozuo	78.40	87.77	30.42	39.55	236.14
濮阳Puyang	50.70	100.13	63.51	209.06	423.40
许昌Xuchang	106.32	227.56	59.76	51.11	444.75
漯河Luohe	33.40	182.09	21.32	80.60	317.41
三门峡Sanmenxia	195.90	83.14	39.40	19.67	338.11
南阳Nanyang	890.89	516.32	269.32	149.95	1826.48
商丘Shangqiu	408.54	285.09	276.77	238.79	1209.19
信阳Xinyang	157.24	248.10	75.28	157.24	637.87
周口Zhoukou	315.25	520.38	281.01	224.93	1341.56
驻马店Zhumadian	790.37	639.74	177.61	138.11	1745.84
济源Jiyuan	31.54	29.53	11.75	6.20	79.01
河南省Henan Province	4289.01	4099.6	1864.9	1848.96	12102.46

地区Region	N	P₂O₅	合计Total
郑州Zhengzhou	0.91	0.42	1.33
开封Kaifeng	3.64	1.67	5.31
洛阳Luoyang	2.23	1.02	3.25
平顶山Pingdingshan	2.41	1.08	3.49
安阳Anyang	1.99	0.95	2.94
鹤壁Hebi	1.23	0.59	1.82
新乡Xinxiang	2.92	1.35	4.27
焦作Jiaozuo	1.10	0.51	1.61
濮阳Puyang	2.85	1.45	4.30
许昌Xuchang	2.07	0.93	3.00
漯河Luohe	1.91	0.89	2.80
三门峡Sanmenxia	1.16	0.51	1.67
南阳Nanyang	6.73	3.02	9.75
商丘Shangqiu	5.21	2.49	7.70
信阳Xinyang	3.40	1.61	5.01
周口Zhoukou	6.13	2.85	8.98
驻马店Zhumadian	6.97	3.09	10.06
济源Jiyuan	0.31	0.14	0.45
河南省Henan Province	53.16	24.57	77.73

Supply and Demand Balance Analysis of Livestock and Poultry Manure Equivalent Substitution of Chemical Fertilizer in Henan Province

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地区 Region	实际N施用量Actual N application amount							畜禽粪便N理论需求量 Theoretical demand for livestock and poultry manure N
地区 Region	粮食 Grain copes	油料 Oil crops	棉花 Cotton	果树 Fruit trees	蔬菜 Vegetables	茶树 Tea trees	合计 Total
郑州Zhengzhou	2.56	0.31	0.01	0.60	1.01	—	4.47	0.84-1.55
开封Kaifeng	5.01	1.19	0.05	0.61	3.24	—	10.09	1.89-3.52
洛阳Luoyang	3.51	0.31	0.02	1.27	1.05	—	6.15	1.20-2.20
平顶山Pingdingshan	6.02	0.61	0.01	0.83	1.32	—	8.78	1.57-2.98
安阳Anyang	6.97	0.72	0.02	0.9	2.18	—	10.79	1.94-3.64
鹤壁Hebi	1.72	0.16	—	0.11	0.22	—	2.21	0.38-0.73
新乡Xinxiang	10.42	1.30	0.01	1.90	1.83	—	15.46	2.83-5.41
焦作Jiaozuo	3.22	0.32	—	0.26	0.75	—	4.56	0.79-1.52
濮阳Puyang	6.10	0.38	0.01	0.50	1.61	—	8.60	1.48-2.80
许昌Xuchang	3.74	0.21	0.01	0.16	0.76	—	4.88	0.81-1.56
漯河Luohe	1.86	0.15	—	0.09	0.94	—	3.04	0.53-0.97
三门峡Sanmenxia	0.63	0.04	—	1.05	0.28	—	2.01	0.48-0.82
南阳Nanyang	11.15	3.27	0.01	2.65	4.18	0.11	21.36	4.18-8.00
商丘Shangqiu	7.88	0.67	0.01	1.38	3.15	—	13.09	2.39-4.40
信阳Xinyang	11.89	1.56	0.01	0.9	3.41	2.57	20.34	4.41-8.55
周口Zhoukou	16.68	1.28	0.03	0.95	6.44	—	25.37	4.40-8.19
驻马店Zhumadian	9.16	2.57	—	0.52	1.63	0.04	13.94	2.52-5.09
济源Jiyuan	0.53	0.01	—	0.09	0.12	—	0.76	0.13-0.25
河南省Henan Province	109.03	15.04	0.19	14.77	34.14	2.72	175.89	32.77-62.17

地区 Region	实际P₂O₅肥施用量 Actual P₂O₅ application amount							畜禽粪便P₂O₅理论需求量 Theoretical demand for livestock and poultry manure P₂O₅
地区 Region	粮食 Grain crops	油料 Oil crops	棉花 Cotton	果树 Fruit trees	蔬菜 Vegetables	茶树 Tea trees	合计 Total
郑州Zhengzhou	1.32	0.14	—	0.41	0.49	—	2.37	0.46-0.84
开封Kaifeng	2.60	0.56	0.03	0.43	1.63	—	5.26	0.99-1.84
洛阳Luoyang	1.59	0.13	0.01	0.77	0.45	—	2.96	0.60-1.08
平顶山Pingdingshan	2.17	0.20	—	0.40	0.45	—	3.22	0.59-1.11
安阳Anyang	2.40	0.22	0.01	0.41	0.71	—	3.75	0.68-1.27
鹤壁Hebi	0.74	0.06	—	0.06	0.09	—	0.95	0.16-0.32
新乡Xinxiang	3.78	0.43	0.01	0.93	0.64	—	5.78	1.08-2.05
焦作Jiaozuo	1.42	0.13	—	0.15	0.32	—	2.02	0.36-0.68
濮阳Puyang	2.37	0.14	—	0.27	0.61	—	3.40	0.59-1.12
许昌Xuchang	1.73	0.10	—	0.10	0.34	—	2.27	0.38-0.73
漯河Luohe	0.65	0.05	—	0.04	0.32	—	1.06	0.19-0.34
三门峡Sanmenxia	0.24	0.02	—	0.53	0.10	—	0.89	0.22-0.38
南阳Nanyang	6.04	1.64	—	1.96	2.21	0.03	11.88	2.36-4.47
商丘Shangqiu	5.07	0.40	0.01	1.19	1.94	—	8.61	1.61-2.94
信阳Xinyang	4.28	0.71	0.01	0.59	1.59	0.56	7.73	1.60-3.04
周口Zhoukou	8.08	0.58	0.01	0.62	2.99	—	12.28	2.14-3.98
驻马店Zhumadian	5.11	1.32	—	0.40	0.89	0.01	7.74	1.40-2.81
济源Jiyuan	0.33	0.01	—	0.07	0.07	—	0.48	0.09-0.16
河南省Henan province	49.90	6.84	0.11	9.34	15.87	0.60	82.66	15.49-29.16

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