长三角地区半糯粳稻外观品质的评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.16.001

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Due to the cloudy and translucent appearance characteristics of semi-waxy rice, there is a lack of effective evaluation methods in the industry at present. It is necessary to construct an evaluation method for the appearance quality of semi-waxy, and classify the appearance quality of semi-waxy rice, so as to provide technical support for the standardization and development of semi-waxy rice industry. 【Method】In this study, according to GB/T 15682-2008 "Grain and Oil Inspection of rice, Rice cooking and edible quality sensory evaluation method", the appearance quality score of semi-waxy rice was obtained by artificial evaluation method, and various appearance indexes of semi-waxy rice were measured, including chalkiness, transparency, grain type and color space related indexes. Pearson correlation coefficient, max-relevance and min-redundancy, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling and intersection feature selection methods were used to analyze the relationship between chalkiness, transparency, grain shape and color space related indicators and the appearance sensory score of semi-waxy rice, and select the core indicators that can determine the appearance quality of semi-waxy rice for constructing and verification of semi-waxy rice appearance evaluation model. Finally, the model was used to estimate the overall appearance quality of semi-waxy rice in the Yangtze River Delta region and graded according to the estimated score. 【Result】Through comparing the estimation accuracy and stability of four models, this study found that the semi-waxy rice appearance evaluation model, represented by the equation Y=5.68＋0.17X₄＋0.19X₆-0.03X₉-0.12X₁₀, demonstrated the highest accuracy and stability. This model was constructed using chalk rice transparency (X₄), overall transparency (X₆), chalkiness (X₉), and L*(X₁₀), which were selected by the intersection feature selection method. Notably, this model incorporates the fewest number of indicators, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.86 during model validation and a simulated root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.32. After using this model to estimate the appearance of most of the semi-waxy rice in the three rice-growing areas of the Yangtze River Delta, It was found that the appearance scores of the first 20%, 20%-50%, 50%-90% and last 10% of semi-waxy rice materials in the Yangtze River Delta region in this study were greater than 0.23, -0.48-0.23, -1.68--0.48 and less than -1.68, respectively, which can represent four levels of appearance quality of semi-waxy rice in practical applications: Level 1, Level 2, Level 3, Out of level. At the same time, it was found that there were significant gradient differences in grain type, chalkiness, transparency and color space among different appearance grades of semi-waxy rice, but there were different degrees of crossover between their value ranges.【Conclusion】Using chalk rice transparency (X₄), overall transparency (X₆), chalkiness (X₉), and L*(X₁₀), an effective estimation model of semi-waxy rice appearance could be established: Y=5.68＋0.17X₄＋0.19X₆-0.03X₉-0.12X₁₀. With reference to the scoring range of each appearance grade of semi-waxy rice in Yangtze River Delta region, the appearance of a single semi-waxy rice material can be quickly determined by the appearance estimation score. The evaluation of semi-waxy rice by appearance estimation model is beneficial to take into account the different appearance phenotypes of semi-waxy rice, and can accurately reflect the actual situation of semi-waxy rice appearance.

Key words: japonica rice, semi-waxy rice, visual estimation, selection of visual features, regression analysis, sensory evaluation

FAN Peng, YANG TianLe, ZHU ShaoLong, WANG ZhiJie, ZHANG MingYue, WEI HaiYan, LIU GuoDong. Preliminary Study on Appearance Quality Evaluation of Semi-Waxy Rice in Yangtze River Delta Region[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(16): 3105-3115.

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评分Socre	综合外观Composite appearance
±3	参评样品与对照相比有相当大的差异，看一次就确信有明显的差距 There are considerable differences between the participating samples and the control samples, one observation convinced that there is a significant gap
±2	参评样品与对照相比有明显差异，观察一次还不能确信有明显的差距，但是感觉到某种程度的差距 There is a significant difference between the participating samples and the control group, the observation is not sure that there is a significant gap, but it is felt that there is a certain degree of gap
±1	参评样品与对照相比稍微有点差异，观察一次还不明确，需要观察第二次才能感觉到差异 There is a slight difference between the participating samples and the control, the first observation is not clear, and the difference can only be felt after the second observation
0	参评样品与对照样品相似，观察2次也不能判断是否有差距 The participating samples are similar to the control samples, and the difference could not be judged even after two observations

指标 Index	外观品质指标 Appearance quality index	均值 Mean	变幅 Range	变异系数 CV (%)
X₁	长Length (mm)	4.95	4.37-6.84	14.32
X₂	宽Width (mm)	2.69	2.29-3.02	6.25
X₃	长/宽Length-width ratio	1.87	1.59-2.99	21.56
X₄	垩白米透明度Chalk rice transparency (%)	6.88	3.21-12.13	31.91
X₅	无垩白米透明度Chalk-free rice transparency (%)	11.21	6.62-15.44	21.46
X₆	整体透明度Overall transparency (%)	10.03	6.02-13.88	22.25
X₇	垩白面积Chalky area (%)	28.20	18.46-40.34	18.05
X₈	垩白粒率Chalky grain rate (%)	24.03	2.57-74.23	68.44
X₉	垩白度Chalkiness (%)	7.30	0.46-22.04	75.62
X₁₀	L*(D65)	75.46	70.84-81.85	3.33
X₁₁	a*(D65)	-0.24	-0.89-0.38	-118.64
X₁₂	b*(D65)	15.84	13.61-17.14	4.94
Y	人工评分Manual score	-0.42	-2.29-2.18	-279.84

X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆
0.76**	-0.50**	0.72**	0.87**	0.79**	0.88**
X₇	X₈	X₉	X₁₀	X₁₁	X₁₂
-0.75**	-0.77**	-0.79**	-0.78**	-0.51**	0.53**

筛选方法 Method	指标个数 No. of traits	选择的指标 Selected traits
CC	6	X₄, X₅, X₆, X₈, X₉, X₁₀
MRMR	7	X₄, X₇, X₆, X₁₀, X₅, X₈, X₉
CARS	8	X₁, X₂, X₃, X₄, X₆, X₉, X₁₀, X₁₂
IFS	4	X₄, X₆, X₉, X₁₀

等级 Class	指标 Index	外观评分 Appearance score	长均值Length (mm)	宽均值width (mm)	长/宽均值Length/ width ratio	垩白米透明度 Chalk rice transparency (%)	非垩白米透明度Chalk- free rice transparency (%)	整体透明度Overall transparency (%)	垩白面积 Chalky area (%)	垩白粒率 Chalky grain rate (%)	垩白度 Chalkiness (%)	L* (D65)	a* (D65)	b* (D65)
一级 Level 1	最大值Max	1.95	7.12	3.02	3.18	12.13	15.44	13.88	36.43	34.06	11.22	76.90	0.39	18.59
	最小值Mini	0.23	4.50	2.27	1.58	6.49	10.08	9.90	17.91	0.83	0.19	70.16	-1.02	14.70
	均值Mean	0.62a	5.26a	2.67b	2.02a	9.04a	13.28a	12.03a	27.46c	13.16d	3.82d	73.81d	-0.41d	16.20a
二级 Level 2	最大值Max	0.23	5.74	3.01	2.40	9.03	14.25	12.35	40.34	39.64	11.25	78.04	0.38	18.17
	最小值Mini	-0.48	4.50	2.39	1.59	5.84	9.20	8.98	20.51	5.71	1.45	70.46	-0.87	14.24
	均值Mean	-0.11b	4.84b	2.73a	1.79b	7.35b	11.69b	10.65b	28.87c	18.41c	5.44c	74.91c	-0.29c	16.06b
三级 Level 3	最大值Max	-0.48	5.13	2.93	2.10	8.19	12.76	10.37	41.06	59.78	20.83	80.05	0.73	17.12
	最小值Mini	-1.68	4.28	2.31	1.59	3.25	6.90	6.80	23.11	5.72	1.70	70.89	-0.49	13.87
	均值Mean	-1.03c	4.73c	2.73a	1.74b	6.00c	9.81c	8.70c	30.46b	33.97b	10.47b	76.48b	-0.12b	15.54c
等外Off- grade	最大值Max	-1.68	5.00	2.86	1.94	6.35	10.87	8.06	39.84	81.09	25.46	81.85	0.56	15.98
	最小值Mini	-2.43	4.36	2.53	1.60	3.21	6.62	6.02	28.71	28.89	8.56	75.41	-0.38	13.61
	均值Mean	-1.98d	4.68d	2.71a	1.73b	4.48d	8.99d	7.26d	32.44a	52.17a	16.81a	78.52a	0.01a	14.86d

Preliminary Study on Appearance Quality Evaluation of Semi-Waxy Rice in Yangtze River Delta Region

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