Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (24): 4916-4929.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.24.010

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Intercropping with Vulpia myuros in Tea Plantation on Soil and Tea Quality Components

CHEN YiYong1(), LI JianLong1, ZHOU Bo1, WU XiaoMin2, CUI YingYing1, FENG ShaoMao2, HU HaiTao3, TANG JinChi1()   

  1. 1 Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640
    2 Enping Xingwan Tea Factory, Enping 529471, Guangdong
    3 Guangdong Hongyan Tea Industry Co., LTD., Qingyuan 513000, Guangdong
  • Received:2023-04-18 Accepted:2023-09-01 Online:2023-12-16 Published:2023-12-21
  • Contact: TANG JinChi

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Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of intercropping Vulpia myuros on soil nutrient composition, soil microbial community structure, and tea quality components in tea plantations, so as to provide the data support for intercropping V. myuros as a means to enhance the ecological environment and quality of tea cultivation.【Method】The experimental materials consisted of soil and fresh leaves from a tea garden that had been intercropped with V. myuros for a duration of 2 years, and the control group was a clear-ploughed tea garden. The pH, organic matter, and mineral nutrients of the topsoil in the tea garden were measured. Additionally, the population structure of soil bacteria and fungi was analyzed using 16S and ITS high-throughput sequencing techniques. The quality components of tea were determined through Agilent-7890B gas chromatography.【Result】After intercropping V. myuros in a tea garden for 2 years, the soil pH increased by 0.29, and the soil organic matter content increased by 16.46 g∙kg-1. Additionally, the available phosphorus, available potassium, ammonium nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen also increased to varying degrees in the tea garden soil planted with V. myuros. Notably, the available phosphorus was 5.88 times higher in the intercropped tea garden compared with the clear-cultivated tea garden. The total nitrogen content in the V. myuros plantation soil was higher than that in the clear-cultivated tea plantation, while the total phosphorus, potassium, and sodium contents were lower. Moreover, the tea garden soil planted with V. myuros had higher levels of available zinc, available iron, available copper, and cation exchange capacity. The intercropping of V. myuros in the tea garden also led to an increase in the number of bacteria and fungi in the soil. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Ascomycota associated with organic matter decomposition increased in the soil of the V. myuros tea plantation. A total of 259 metabolites were identified from the fresh leaves of the grass plantation and the clear cultivation garden. Among them, the content of 20 metabolites showed significant differences, and these different metabolites mainly included sugars, fatty acids, and catechins. The tea leaves of the V. myuros plantation had more than 2 times the contents of leucrose, methyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, lacttol alcohol, galactoglycerol, and α-lactose compared to the tea plantation. On the other hand, the content of (9Z)-octadecatrienoic acid and (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoic acid were significantly lower in the cultivated tea garden. Additionally, compared with the clear-ploughed tea garden the intercultivated tea plantation had significantly lower contents of (+)-galligallocatechin, galligallocatechin, and epicatechin metabolites. 【Conclusion】When V. myuros was interplanted with tea gardens, the acidity of the soil might be successfully alleviated, and the amount of organic matter and mineral nutrient components in the soil increased. Then, tea plants could more easily absorb and use soil nutrients when there were changes in the amount and community structure of soil bacteria and fungi. The structure of the microbial population and variations in soil nutrients had a significant impact on the quality of tea.

Key words: Vulpia myuros, Camellia sinensis, intercropping, soil microorganisms, quality components

Fig. 1

Effects of with Vulpia myuros intercropping in tea plantation on soil mineral nutriments CK: Clear-ploughed tea garden; ZC: Tea garden intercropped with Vulpia myuros. * indicate significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below"

Table 1

Effects of with Vulpia myuros intercropping in tea plantation on Alpha diversity index of soil bacteria and fungi"

比较项目
Compare item		 茶园类型
Tea plantation type		 Chao1 指数
Chao1 index		 微生物覆盖率
Goods_coverage		 物种数目
Observed_species		 香浓指数
Shannon
细菌16S
Bacterial 16S		 清耕茶园 CK 2570.20±49.84a 0.99±0.01a 2308.37±64.15a 9.52±0.28a
鼠茅草间作茶园ZC 2501.38±368.24a 0.99±0.01a 2289.03±294.64a 9.62±0.33a
真菌ITS
Fungi ITS		 清耕茶园 CK 617.02±105.09a 0.99±0.01a 614.93±105.36a 6.53±0.51a
鼠茅草间作茶园ZC 456.78±118.44a 0.99±0.01a 455.25±116.75a 4.05±1.27b

Fig. 2

Effects of with Vulpia myuros intercropping on soil microbial community structure in tea plantation A: Venn map of bacteria community in soil; B: Venn map of fungal community in rhizosphere soil; C: Relative abundance of bacteria community composition at phylum level; D: Relative abundance of fungal community composition at phylum level"

Fig. 3

Cluster analysis on abundance of genus horizontal community of bacterial (A) and fungal (B) in tea plantation soil"

Fig. 4

Effects of with Vulpia myuros intercropping in tea plantation on tea quality components"

Fig. 5

Principal component analysis (A) and classification (B) of tea metabolites in Vulpia myuros intercropping and clear ploughing tea plantation"

Table 2

The significantly different metabolites in tea leaves of Vulpia myuros intercropping and clear ploughing tea plantation"

化合物名称
Compound name		 MZ 保留时间
RT(min)		 差异倍数Fold change ZC/CK P值
P-value
1 麦白糖Leucrose 204.13 13.85 4.52 0.01
2 甲基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 Methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside 204.13 12.21 3.01 0.01
3 乳糖醇 Lactitol 204.13 14.86 2.82 0.03
4 半乳糖甘油 Galactosylglycerol 204.13 12.79 2.58 0.02
5 α-乳糖 alpha-Lactose 204.12 13.83 2.14 0.03
6 beta-D-鼠李糖, 2-(乙酰氨基)-2-脱氧基-
beta-D-Mannopyranose, 2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-		 205.14 11.78 1.85 0.01
7 α-半乳糖 alpha-D-Galactose 205.06 10.86 1.83 0.05
8 D-葡萄糖-6-磷酸 6-o-Phosphonohexose 99.09 12.85 1.70 0.00
9 乳酮糖 Lactulose 361.21 14.37 1.62 0.05
10 L-别苏氨酸 L-Allothreonine 218.15 7.85 1.52 0.04
11 2-O-甲基-D-鼠李糖 2-O-Methyl-D-mannopyranosa 204.13 10.56 1.51 0.02
12 (9Z)-十八碳烯酸 (9Z)-Octadecenoic acid 131.07 12.48 0.64 0.01
13 (9Z,12Z,15Z)-十八碳三烯酸 (9Z,12Z,15Z)-Octadecatrienoic acid 95.06 12.49 0.60 0.01
14 苯乙醛 Phenylacetaldehyde 119.08 8.24 0.58 0.04
15 6-脱氧-L-阿洛糖 6-Deoxy-L-galactose 217.14 10.00 0.51 0.05
16 (+)-没食子儿茶 (+)-Gallocatechin 456.23 15.42 0.48 0.00
17 没食子儿茶酚 Gallocatechol 456.23 15.42 0.48 0.00
18 咖啡酸酯 Caffeate 219.09 12.09 0.32 0.01
19 L-表儿茶 L-Epicatechin 368.21 15.18 0.12 0.01
20 (-)-表儿茶 (-)-Epicatechin 368.21 15.18 0.12 0.01
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