Abstract:

【Objective】 Effects of temperature regulation on dormancy, bud differentiation, flowering and visual quality of Curcuma kwangsiensis var. nanlingensis N.Liu et X.Y.Ma during storage, germination and hydroponics were studied, which can provide guidance for production and especially early spring forcing culture. 【Method】 Treatment of temperature combined with time during storage and germination, Quality index of rhizomes were measured. Appearance and anatomic morphology of bud differentiation at different developing stages were observed. 【Result】 The results showed: Curcuma kwangsiensis var. nanlingensis N.Liu et X.Y.Ma rhizomes had completed dormancy in the shortest time by storaging at 15℃ for 30 d, but flowering percentage would decreased if the storage time exceed 60 d. Rhizomes accelerated germination for 10-30 d at 25-30℃ after storage could induce bud differentiation, improve flowering percentage and significantly reduce days to flowering and leaf opening in hydroponics. Especially rhizomes accelerated germination for 30 d at 30℃ after 50 days of storage at 15℃, the flowering percentage achieved 92% and bloomed in full during the Chinese Spring Festival. The rhizomes at stage 1 entered into initial differentiation phase could not flower in normal temperature. Rhizomes at stage 2 entered into inflorescence and bract primordium differentiation phase. Rhizomes at stage 3 entered into flower primordium differentiation phase. The flowering percentage at stages 2 and 3 were 50% and 66%, respectively. Rhizomes at stage 4 entered into flower organ differentiation phase and had unreversible flower bud. The flowering percentage at stage 4 was 100%. 【Conclusion】 Rhizomes storage could decrease dormancy time. High temperature could induce bud differentiation. When rhizomes carried to market after rhizomes cultured in hydroponics at 30℃ until stage 4, it will attain a good ornamental quality and flowering in early Spring.

Key words: Curcuma kwangsiensis var. nanlingensis N.Liu et X.Y.Ma, temperature regulation, dormancy, bud differentiation, flowering