黑土与潮土铁氧化物结合态有机碳对长期秸秆还田的响应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.19.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in the content and properties of different types of iron oxide bound organic carbon in different dryland soils and their responses to long-term straw returning. 【Method】 Based on the long-term fertilization experiments of black soil and fluvo-aquic soil in Gongzhuling, Jilin Province and Zhengzhou, Henan Province since 1990, soil samples under no fertilization (CK), single application of chemical fertilizer (NPK) and chemical fertilizer +straw returning (NPKS) for 29 years were collected, and the complex iron (Fe_PP), amorphous iron oxides (Fe_HH) and crystalline iron oxides (Fe_DH) were obtained through continuous extraction method. The differences in the content of different forms of iron oxides and their bound organic carbons were explored. Combined with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, the differences in the properties of iron oxide-bound organic carbon were also accessed. 【Result】 Compared with CK and NPK treatments, the soil organic carbon content under NPKS treatment in black soil was significantly increased by 18.1% and 14.9%, respectively, and fluvo-aquic soil was significantly increased by 46.1% and 13.3%, respectively. The content of Fe_PP in the two soils were lower than those under Fe_HH and Fe_DH, but the content of complexed iron-bound organic carbon (OC_PP) were significantly higher than those of amorphous iron oxide-bound organic carbon (OC_HH) and crystalline iron oxide-bound organic carbon (OC_DH), accounting for 71.4%-93.2% of the total iron oxide-bound organic carbon content, indicating that OC_PP was the main form of iron oxide-bound organic carbon. Compared with NPK treatment, the Fe_PP content in black soil was significantly reduced by 65.6%. Fe_HH content was significantly reduced by 17.8%, and Fe_DH content was not significantly changed under NPKS treatment, while the Fe_PP content in fluvo-aquic soil was significantly increased by 15.9%. Fe_HH content was not significantly changed, and Fe_DH content was significantly increased by 24.6%. Compared with NPK treatment, NPKS treatment significantly reduced the content of total iron oxide bound organic carbon in black soil, among which OC_PP decreased by 11.3%, while OC_DH increased by 53.7%, and OC_HH did not change significantly, but had no significant effect on the content of total iron oxide bound organic carbon in fluvo-aquic soil. Further analysis of the binding organic carbon content per gram of iron oxides showed that compared with NPK treatment, NPKS treatment significantly increased the binding capacity of three iron oxides in black soil, but had no significant effect in the fluvo-aquic soil. Fe_PP was mainly combined with macromolecular organic carbon with strong hydrophobicity and weak aromaticity while Fe_HH was mainly combined with small molecule organic carbon with strong hydrophobicity and aromaticity, and Fe_DH was mainly combined with some macromolecular compounds with poor hydrophobicity and aromaticity. 【Conclusion】 Comparing with the single application of chemical fertilizer, the content of crystalline and amorphous iron oxide bound organic carbon in black soil and fluvo-aquic soil increased significantly after long-term straw returning to the field, while the content of complexed iron bound organic carbon in black soil decreased significantly and did not change in fluvo-aquic soil. This was one of the important mechanisms for the different increases of soil organic carbon levels in different soil types after straw returning.

Key words: long-term straw returning, soil organic carbon, feature of organic carbon, iron oxides

SUN Yue, REN KeYu, ZOU HongQin, GAO HongJun, ZHANG ShuiQing, LI DeJin, LI BingJie, LIAO ChuQian, DUAN YingHua, XU MingGang. Effect of Long-Term Straw Returning on the Soil Organic Carbon Bound to Iron Oxides in Black Soil and Fluvo-Aquic Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(19): 3823-3834.

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References 40

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	吉林公主岭 Gongzhuling City, Jilin Province （124°48′E, 43°30′N）	河南郑州 Zhengzhou City, Henan Province （35°00′E, 113°41′N）
土壤类型 Soil style	中层典型黑土-黏砾黑土 Middle-layer typical black soil-clayey black soil genus	潮土土类-潮砂土 Fluvo-aquic soil type-green sandy soil genus
成土母质 Soil parent material	第四纪黄土状沉积物 Quaternary loess-like sediments	黄土状沉积物 Loess-like sediments
土壤质地 Soil texture	壤黏土 Loamy clay	轻壤土 Light loam
种植制度 Cropping system	玉米连作 Corn continuous cropping	小麦-玉米轮作 Wheat-corn
气候类型 Type of climate	温带半湿润区 Temperate semi-humid zone	暖温带大陆性季风 Warm temperate continental monsoon
年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm)	450-650	700
年均温 Average annual temperature (℃)	4-5	14.4
初始耕层有机碳 Organic carbon in the initial tillage layer (g·kg^-1)	13.23	6.15
初始耕层全氮 Total nitrogen in the initial tillage layer (g·kg^-1)	1.40	1.01
初始耕层 pH Initial tillage layer pH	7.6	8.1

处理 Treatment	吉林公主岭 Gongzhuling City, Jilin Province （124°48′E, 43°30′N）	河南郑州Zhengzhou City, Henan Province（35°00′E, 113°41′N）
处理 Treatment		小麦季 Wheat season	玉米季 Corn season
CK (kg·hm^-2)	N, P₂O₅, K₂O：0	N, P₂O₅, K₂O：0	N, P₂O₅, K₂O：0
NPK (kg·hm^-2)	N：165	N：165	N：188
	P₂O₅：82.5	P₂O₅：82.5	P₂O₅：94
	K₂O：82.5	K₂O：82.5	K₂O：94
NPKS (kg·hm^-2)	N：112	N：49.5	N：282
	P₂O₅：82.5	P₂O₅：82.5	P₂O₅：94
	K₂O：82.5	K₂O：82.5	K₂O：94
	秸秆 Straw：7500 （含N 约52.5 kg）	秸秆 Straw：6000-9000 （含N 约115.5 kg）	秸秆 Straw：0

	处理 Treatment	有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	碳氮比 C﹕N	酸碱度 pH
黑土 Black soil	CK	15.5±0.10c	1.37±0.01c	11.0±0.19a	7.77±0.07a
	NPK	15.9±0.02b	1.47±0.01b	10.8±0.03a	6.05±0.07b
	NPKS	18.3±0.09a	1.63±0.03a	11.0±0.05a	7.99±0.06a
潮土 Fluvo-aquic soil	CK	7.94±0.17c	0.67±0.03c	11.5±0.07a	8.30±0.01a
	NPK	10.1±0.10b	0.93±0.01b	10.9±0.02b	8.11±0.13b
	NPKS	11.6±0.11a	1.09±0.04a	10.6±0.04c	8.10±0.03b

Effect of Long-Term Straw Returning on the Soil Organic Carbon Bound to Iron Oxides in Black Soil and Fluvo-Aquic Soil

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