Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (12): 2282-2294.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.12.002

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Establishment of High-Throughput Detection Method for Phytic Acid Content in Sesame Seeds and Screening of Low Phytic Acid Germplasms

YANG Xi1,2(), YOU Jun1(), ZHOU Rong1, FANG Sheng2, ZHANG YanXin1, WU ZiMing2(), WANG LinHai1()   

  1. 1 Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062
    2 Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetics Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045
  • Received:2023-12-08 Accepted:2024-02-06 Online:2024-06-16 Published:2024-06-25
  • Contact: WU ZiMing, WANG LinHai

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Abstract:

【Objective】 Phytic acid is one of the main anti-nutritional components in sesame. To explore the optimal conditions for efficient extraction of phytic acid from sesame seeds, establish a high-throughput detection method for phytic acid content, and apply it to the detection of phytic acid content variation in sesame population materials and the screening of low phytic acid germplasm resources, so as to promote the basic research of phytic acid in sesame and the breeding of sesame varieties with low phytic acid content. 【Method】Using 0.4 mol·L-1 HCl as the extraction solvent, single factor tests such as seed weight, crusher time, crusher frequency and extraction solution volume were carried out to extract phytic acid from sesame seeds, and the content of phytic acid was determined in a high-throughput manner using modified iron precipitation method. On the basis of the single factor test, the response surface experiment of Box-Behnken four factors and three levels was carried out. The quadratic polynomial regression equation model with phytic acid yield as the response value was established, and the response surface plot and contour plot were drawn. The main factors affecting phytic acid yield and the interaction between the factors were analyzed to determine the optimal extraction conditions for the detection of phytic acid content. Using this parameter condition, the phytic acid content of 200 sesame germplasm resources planted in two environments was determined to screen low phytic acid germplasm. 【Result】Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the established regression model was highly significant (P<0.0001), the lack of fit was not significant (P>0.05), the equation fitted the test well, and this regression equation could be used to optimize the extraction of phytic acid from sesame seeds. The linear term of the four factors had a very significant effect on phytic acid yield, and the order of influence on the yield of phytic acid was seed weight>crusher time>crusher frequency>extract solution volume. The response surface analysis diagram showed that there were some interactions between seed weight and crusher time, seed weight and crusher frequency, crusher time and crusher frequency, crusher time and extraction solution volume, and crusher frequency and extraction solution volume. The optimal phytic acid extraction conditions optimized by single factor test and response surface design were as follows: seed weight of 30 mg, crusher time of 6.5 min, crusher frequency of 50 Hz, extraction solution volume of 435 μL. The predicted phytic acid yield under this condition was 14.03 mg·g-1, and the actual average phytic acid yield was 14.14 mg·g-1, the model prediction was very close to the actual value of the test. Three stable low phytic acid sesame germplasms were screened out from 200 germplasm resources, with an average content of 11.63 mg·g-1【Conclusion】 An efficient phytic acid extraction and detection technology for sesame seeds was established, which could significantly reduce the experimental time and the amount of samples used, and provided a feasible method for the high-throughput detection of phytic acid content in sesame seeds with good reproducibility and high accuracy.

Key words: sesame, phytic acid, extraction process, response surface analysis methodology, screening germplasm

Table 1

The factors and levels of response surface test"

水平/因子
Level/Factor		 种子量
Seed weight (mg)		 捣碎时间
Crusher time (min)		 捣碎频率
Crusher frequency (Hz)		 提取液体积
Extraction volume (μL)
-1 20 4 40 200
0 30 6 50 400
1 40 8 60 800

Fig. 1

Working curve of phytic acid standard solution"

Fig. 2

The effects of different seed weight on phytic acid yield"

Fig. 3

The effects of different crusher time on phytic acid yield"

Fig. 4

The effects of different crusher frequency on phytic acid yield"

Fig. 5

The effects of different extraction volume on phytic acid yield"

Table 2

The results of response surface experimental design"

试验号
Test number		 种子量
Seed weight (mg)		 捣碎时间
Crusher time (min)		 捣碎频率
Crusher frequency (Hz)		 提取液体积
Extraction volume (μL)		 植酸得率
Phytic acid yield (mg·g-1)
1 20 4 50 400 13.1947
2 40 4 50 400 12.1604
3 20 8 50 400 13.5056
4 40 8 50 400 13.4174
5 30 6 40 200 13.4035
6 30 6 60 200 12.8243
7 30 6 40 600 13.2846
8 30 6 60 600 13.6042
9 20 6 50 200 13.2609
10 40 6 50 200 12.5203
11 20 6 50 600 13.6390
12 40 6 50 600 13.2934
13 30 4 40 400 13.4049
14 30 8 40 400 13.5754
15 30 4 60 400 12.5396
16 30 8 60 400 13.8098
17 20 6 40 400 13.2217
18 40 6 40 400 13.4764
19 20 6 60 400 13.4724
20 40 6 60 400 12.3784
21 30 4 50 200 12.4585
22 30 8 50 200 13.5933
23 30 4 50 600 13.5672
24 30 8 50 600 13.3649
25 30 6 50 400 13.9232
26 30 6 50 400 13.9855
27 30 6 50 400 13.9346
28 30 6 50 400 13.9979
29 30 6 50 400 13.8496

Table 3

Analysis of variance table of regression model"

方差来源
Sources of variance		 平方和
Sum of squares		 自由度
df		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F value		 P值
P value		 显著性
Significance
模型Model 6.96 14 0.50 37.48 <0.0001 **
A 0.77 1 0.77 58.33 <0.0001 **
B 1.29 1 1.29 97.52 <0.0001 **
C 0.25 1 0.25 18.96 0.0007 **
D 0.60 1 0.60 45.52 <0.0001 **
AB 0.22 1 0.22 16.86 0.0011 **
AC 0.45 1 0.45 34.26 <0.0001 **
AD 0.039 1 0.039 2.94 0.1086
BC 0.30 1 0.30 22.78 0.0003 **
BD 0.45 1 0.45 33.68 <0.0001 **
CD 0.20 1 0.20 15.22 0.0016 **
A2 1.52 1 1.52 114.3 <0.0001 **
B2 0.80 1 0.80 60.63 <0.0001 **
C2 0.59 1 0.59 44.51 <0.0001 **
D2 0.68 1 0.68 51.44 <0.0001 **
残差Residual 0.19 14 0.013
失拟误差Lack of Fit 0.17 10 0.017 4.95 0.0684
纯误差Pure Error 0.014 4 3.472E-003
总和Total 7.15 28
R2=0.974, R2adj=0.948, CV=0.86%

Fig. 6

Response surface plot showing the effects of seed weight (A), crusher time (B), crusher frequency (C), and extraction volume (D) on the phytic acid yield"

Table 4

Results of repetitive experiments"

序号
Number		 种子量
Seed weight (mg)		 样品提取液植酸含量
Phytic acid content of sample extracts (μg·mL-1)		 种子植酸含量
Seed phytic acid content (mg·g-1)		 相对标准偏差
Relative standard deviation
1 32.4 452.04 13.9520 0.69
2 30.5 429.82 14.0925
3 29.0 412.04 14.2084
4 32.0 448.49 14.0153
5 32.1 450.71 14.0408

Table 5

Results of recovery experiments"

序号
Serial number		 样品提取液植酸含量
Phytic acid content of sample extracts (μg·mL-1)		 标准品加入量
Amount of standard added (μg)		 测得量
Measured
amount (μg)		 回收率
Recovery rate
(%)		 平均回收率
Average recovery rate (%)		 相对标准偏差
Relative standard deviation
1 394.27 1.0 1.05 104.67 99.76 4.01
2 366.27 0.8 0.77 95.83
3 347.60 0.6 0.58 96.67
4 328.93 0.4 0.39 98.33
5 289.6 0.2 0.21 103.33

Fig. 7

Distribution of phytic acid content in sesame germplasm resources in different environments"

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