Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 52-64.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.01.005

• SPECIAL FOCUS: IDENTIFICATION OF NEW WHEAT DISEASES RESISTANCE GENES AND BREEDING APPLICATION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Genetic Analysis of Adult Plant Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Common Wheat Arableu#1

LI ZiMeng1(), YUAN Chan1(), ZHANG YuQing2, REN Yan3, LIU PengPeng4, YAN ShanShan1, XI MengHan1, MU PeiYuan4, LAN CaiXia1()   

  1. 1 College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University/Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070
    2 Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430072
    3 College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002
    4 Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang
  • Received:2023-07-07 Accepted:2023-09-05 Online:2024-01-01 Published:2024-01-10

Abstract:

【Objective】China is a significant wheat producer and consumer in the world. It is very important for our food security to making sure the stable wheat production. Wheat powdery mildew is an important leaf disease to affect the global wheat yield. Breeding resistant wheat varieties is one of the most economically and environmentally effective way to manage this disease. Identification of new adult plant resistant loci is very important for breeders to develop durable powdery mildew-resistant wheat varieties. 【Method】The CIMMYT-derived common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Arableu#1, showed susceptibility to powdery mildew at the seedling stage, but exhibited a high level of resistance to this disease at the adult plant stage in the field. In order to understand the genetic basis of powdery mildew resistance in this line, we made an F5 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population between Arableu#1 and the susceptible line Apav#1 and genotyped by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) platform. We obtained 4 298 polymorphic molecular markers between the parents and analyze the 142 RILs. Joinmap 4.1 and IciMapping 4.1 were respectively used to construct the linage maps and identify the powdery mildew resistance QTL in this study. 【Result】Four adult plant resistance loci from Arableu#1 were identified on wheat chromosome arms 1BL, 5BL, 6BS and 7BL, while two loci from Apav#1 on chromosomes 2DS and 4BL, which can explain the powdery mildew disease severity variation from 3.1% to 28.5%. The MFDS of RIL reached the lowest level when it carried all six detected resistance loci, while RILs combing QPm.hzau-1BL, QPm.hzau-4BL, QPm.hzau-5BL, and QPm.hzau-7BL also showed lower disease severity over multiple environments. 【Conclusion】KASP markers KASP-5B-1 and KASP-7B-2 for QPm.hzau-5BL and QPm.hzau-7BL, respectively, were developed in the present study. The two loci showed varying degrees of resistance to powdery mildew when present individually or in combination based on the genotype and phenotype of 570 wheat germplasm collections. Additionally, the frequency of these two loci in Chinese wheat materials is lower compared to CIMMYT's wheat germplasm. A line combining 6 QTLs was found and it showed near-immune resistance to powdery mildew in the field. This material will be an important germplasm resource for breeders to develop powdery mildew-resistant wheat varieties.

Key words: wheat, powdery mildew, APR, quantitative traits, genetic mapping

Fig. 1

Phenotype of powdery mildew for two parents Arableu#1 and Apav#1 in the greenhouse at seedling (A) and adult plant stage (B) and in the field in the adult plant stage (C)"

Fig. 2

Frequency distributions for FDS of powdery mildew of Arableu#1×Apav#1 in field traits"

Table 1

QTL mapping for adult plant resistance to powdery mildew in an F5 RIL population of Arableu#1×Apav#1"

数量性
状位点
QTL
性状
Traits
遗传位置
Genitic position (bp)
左标记
Left marker
右标记
Right marker
物理位置
Physical position
(bp)
阈值
LOD
表型变异
贡献率
PVE (%)
加性效应
Adda
QPm.hzau-
1BL
PM2020HNAUb 82 5411162|F|0-35:A>C 1132278|F|0-20:C>T 669241198-673742433 10.1189 17.0074 108.7386
PMMc 82 5411162|F|0-35:A>C 1132278|F|0-20:C>T 669241198-673742433 16.3082 19.3908 5.3090
PM2020HNad 89 4005037 5324108|F|0-18:A>G 669241098-669316590 14.0842 22.0558 10.5464
PM2019HNb 100 1112007 100041322|F|0-38:A>G 674392512-675401897 20.6815 19.1550 10.0301
PM2019HNa 101 100041322|F|0-38:A>G 100084210|F|0-16:A>G 675401829-680220849 15.7207 22.9672 7.2837
PM2019HNAU 102 100041322|F|0-38:A>G 100084210|F|0-16:A>G 675401829-680220849 17.5926 18.2297 98.5048
QPm.hzau-
5BL
PMM 101 1091498|F|0-37:C>T 1125898|F|0-46:T>C 571213585-571321896 3.4217 12.6502 3.5605
PM2019HNa 105 4990348 4992023|F|0-12:C>T 564159095-565507647 4.1067 12.4673 4.9577
PM2019HNb 105 4990348 4992023|F|0-12:C>T 564159095-565507647 4.0420 12.2839 6.5241
PM2019HNAU 105 4990348 4992023|F|0-12:C>T 564159095-565507647 4.4736 13.5031 68.8906
QPm.hzau-
6BS
PM2019HNAU 181 1019642|F|0-23:A>G 2275142 291067175-346802356 6.6477 5.582 54.3958
PM2019HNb 185 3021981 3027047|F|0-12:T>C 249498029-250762293 16.6672 14.599 9.4876
PM2019HNa 186 3027047|F|0-12:T>C 3958061 249498029-271823336 5.3738 6.5224 3.9575
QPm.hzau-
7BL
PM2019HNa 447 3023211|F|0-16:G>T 1048655 750120578 6.7070 7.042 4.1106
PM2019HNb 447 3023211|F|0-16:G>T 1048655 750120578 13.3810 19.306 9.4272
PM2019HNAU 447 3023211|F|0-16:G>T 1048655 750120578 18.5323 13.6867 89.1064
PM2020AU 456 1110896 2277387 744194196-739539181 4.7959 6.5277 62.9146
QPm.hzau-
2DS
PM2020HNa 40 100077941|F|0-49:C>G 1093454|F|0-34:G>A 22163592-22160735 4.7886 7.7274 -6.5343
PM2019HNb 59 4910771|F|0-64:A>G 1112583 22290086-391305793 4.4180 3.0742 -4.6587
QPm.hzau-
4BL
PM2019HNb 88 4989722|F|0-15:T>C 1231372 526935193-541900628 12.5201 9.9972 -8.3699
PM2020HNb 88 4989722|F|0-15:T>C 1231372 526935193-541900628 9.9310 17.9438 -8.3873
PM2020HNAU 88 4989722|F|0-15:T>C 1231372 526935193-541900628 14.7970 28.5337 -165.1792
PMM 88 4989722|F|0-15:T>C 1231372 526935193-541900628 14.3437 17.1539 -5.8169

Fig. 3

Likelihood plots for adult plant resistance loci to powdery mildew"

Table 2

ANOVA of mean final disease severity (MFDS) for powdery mildew (PM) resistance loci"


Source
家系个数
No. of RILs
平均病害严重度
MFDS
Ⅲ型SS
Type Ⅲ SS
均方
Mean square
F
F value
Pr>F
YEAR 465.64513 465.64513 2.77 0.0972
None 3 65.42
QPm.hzau-2DS 3 61.25 1666.98 1666.98 9.93 0.00
QPm.hzau-4BL 2 60.35 13073.84 13073.84 77.87 <.0001
QPm.hzau-7BL 2 53.75 5313.59 5313.59 31.65 <.0001
QPm.hzau-6BS 4 48.23 5111.97 5111.97 30.45 <.0001
QPm.hzau-5BL 4 43.75 4592.06 4592.06 27.35 <.0001
QPm.hzau-1BL 5 43.50 11287.23 11287.23 67.23 <.0001
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-2DS 4 43.00 17860.56 5953.52 43.67 <.0001
QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-6BS 1 38.75 29892.48 14946.24 77.27 <.0001
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-5BL 5 34.13 1062.37 531.18 3.91 0.02
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-5BL 1 32.50 1195.99 1195.99 8.49 0.00
QPm.hzau-5BL×QPm.hzau-6BS×QPm.hzau-7BL 2 31.88 1956.69 1956.69 10.12 0.00
QPm.hzau-5BL×QPm.hzau-7BL 5 31.25 896.09 896.09 4.63 0.03
QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-6BS 1 25.94 1959.85 979.93 5.07 0.01
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-6BS 12 23.34 962.25 481.13 3.54 0.03
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-6BS 2 20.31 1992.52 996.26 7.34 0.00
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-6BS 4 16.44 7944.25 1134.89 8.32 <.0001
QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-5BL×QPm.hzau-7BL 2 14.38 2822.06 564.41 4.01 0.00
QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-5BL 2 14.06 19505.16 3901.03 27.70 <.0001
QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-5BL×QPm.hzau-6BS 2 13.75 2019.21 403.84 2.87 0.01
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-7BL 1 12.50 10420.55 1488.65 10.92 <.0001
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-5BL×QPm.hzau-6BS×QPm.hzau-7BL 2 12.50 10264.40 1283.05 9.11 <.0001
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-5BL 2 12.45 6065.47 866.50 6.36 <.0001
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL 1 11.38 19394.83 4848.71 35.56 <.0001
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-5BL×QPm.hzau-7BL 1 7.50 839.91 419.96 3.09 0.05
QPm.hzau-1BL×QPm.hzau-2DS×QPm.hzau-4BL×QPm.hzau-5BL×QPm.hzau-6BS×QPm.hzau-7BL 1 4.20 14531.45 1096.72 8.37 <.0001

Fig. 4

Likelihood plots containing KASP markers for the 5BL and 7BL chromosomes The red marker corresponds to KASP markers closely linked to two loci"

Fig. 5

QTL distributions and effect analysis in the natural materials A: Frequency distributions for powdery mildew disease severity in field traits; B: Effect of detected two resistance loci on powdery mildew in the wheat germplasm collection. Different lowercase letter means the significant difference at P<0.01"

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