微小RNA及其介导的竞争性内源RNA调控网络在意大利蜜蜂工蜂中肠发育过程中的潜在作用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.12.017

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 MicroRNA (miRNA) can lead to the inhibition or degradation of mRNA via target binding, thus performing negative regulation of gene expression. MiRNAs play a key role in regulating the growth, development, immunity and cellular activity of insects. This study aims to deeply investigate differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and their regulatory networks, and to systematically parse differential expression pattern and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mediated mechanism underlying the development of Apis mellifera ligustica worker’s midgut. 【Method】 Midguts of A. m. ligustica 7- and 10-day-old workers were sequenced using small RNA-seq technology. After quality control, the sequencing data were mapped to the genome of A. mellifera, followed by identification of known miRNAs via mapping the mapped tags to miRBase database. Expression levels of miRNAs were calculated and normalized using tags per million (TPM) algorithm. Significant DEmiRNAs were screened out following the criteria of |log₂fold change|≥1 and P≤0.05. Prediction, GO database annotation and KEGG database annotation of target mRNAs were conducted using related software. Based on the target binding relationship and previous findings, DElncRNA/DEcircRNA-DEmiRNA-DEmRNA networks associated with 9 signaling pathways (AMPK, PI3K-Akt, Wnt, cAMP, Hippo, mTOR, Toll/Imd, TGF-beta and MAPK signaling pathways) were visualized using Cytoscape software. CeRNA regulatory network of miR-342-y was further constructed followed by KEGG pathway annotation of target mRNAs involved in the network. Stem-loop RT-qPCR was used to verify the reliability of our sequencing data and differential expression of miRNAs. 【Result】 A total of 112 significant DEmiRNAs were identified in Am7 vs Am10 comparison group, including 38 up-regulated miRNAs and 74 down-regulated miRNAs, which could respectively target 7 434 and 9 559 mRNAs. These target mRNAs could be annotated to 21 and 23 functional terms associated with biological process, 16 and 17 terms associated with cellular component, and 10 and 11 terms associated with molecular function. Additionally, the targets could be annotated to 83 and 86 pathways related to material metabolisms such as fructose and mannose metabolism, purine metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; 10 and 10 pathways related to cellular immune such as endocytosis, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis and melanogenesis; 5 and 5 pathways related to humoral immune such as MAPK, Jak-STAT and NF-κB; 13 and 11 signaling pathways related to development such as Hippo, FoxO and Notch. Furthermore, ceRNA regulatory networks of aforementioned 9 signaling pathways were constructed and analyzed, the result showed the existence of complex relationship among DEmiRNAs, DElncRNAs, DEcircRNAs and DEmRNAs; DEmiRNAs were located in the center, while DElncRNAs, DEcircRNAs and DEmRNAs were around the network. Further investigation suggested that miR-342-y was significantly down-regulated in the developmental processes of both worker’s midgut and larval gut of A. m. ligustica; this miRNA could target 3 DEcircRNAs, 4 DElncRNAs and 327 mRNAs. Stem-loop RT-qPCR result indicated that the differential expression trend of 4 DEmiRNAs was in accordance of that in sequencing result, confirming the authenticity of the sequencing data and differential expression pattern of miRNAs. 【Conclusion】 DEmiRNAs are likely to affect the growth and development of A. m. ligustica worker’s midgut by participating in regulation of the expression of genes engaged in material and energy metabolism-associated pathways, signaling pathways such as Hippo and Wnt as well as cellular and humoral immune pathways; ceRNA regulatory networks mediated by several key DEmiRNAs including miR-182-x, miR-291-y, miR-342-y and ame-miR-6001-3p are likely to play pivotal regulatory parts during the developmental process of the midgut of A. m. ligustica.

Key words: Apis mellifera ligustica, midgut, microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), developmental mechanism

DU Yu,FAN XiaoXue,JIANG HaiBin,WANG Jie,FAN YuanChan,ZHU ZhiWei,ZHOU DingDing,WAN JieQi,LU JiaXuan,XIONG CuiLing,ZHENG YanZhen,CHEN DaFu,GUO Rui. The Potential Role of MicroRNAs and MicroRNA-Mediated Competing Endogenous Networks During the Developmental Process of Apis mellifera ligustica Worker’s Midgut[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(12): 2512-2526.

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引物名称Primer name	引物序列Primer sequence (5′-3′)
Loop-miR-210-z	CTCAACTGGTGTCGTGGAGTCGGCAATTCAGTTGAGACAGCCGC
F-miR-210-z	ACACTCCAGCTGGGCTGTGCGTGTGACA
Loop-miR-342-y	CTCAACTGGTGTCGTGGAGTCGGCAATTCAGTTGAGACGGGTGC
F-miR-342-y	ACACTCCAGCTGGGTCTCACACAGAAATC
Loop-miR-7975-y	CTCAACTGGTGTCGTGGAGTCGGCAATTCAGTTGAGTGGTGCCG
F-miR-7975-y	ACACTCCAGCTGGGATCCTGGTCA
Loop-miR-155-x	CTCAACTGGTGTCGTGGAGTCGGCAATTCAGTTGAGAACCCCTA
F-miR-155-x	ACACTCCAGCTGGGTTAATGCTAATTGTGA
R	CTCAACTGGTGTCGTGGA
U6-F	GTTAGGCTTTGACGATTTCG
U6-R	GGCATTTCTCCACCAGGTA

样品 Sample	原始读段 Raw reads	有效读段 Clean reads
Am7-1	14021728	13619226 (97.13%)
Am7-2	13479635	13081146 (97.04%)
Am7-3	13033478	12656635 (97.11%)
Am10-1	13083648	12577875 (96.13%)
Am10-2	13544596	13137501 (96.99%)
Am10-3	13716280	13316876 (97.09%)

差异表达miRNA ID DEmiRNA ID	以2为底miRNA的相对变化倍数的对数值 log₂fold change	P值 P value
miR-7132-y	13.27	8.68E-09
miR-2188-x	12.72	2.31E-06
miR-1388-x	12.43	6.78E-06
miR-1338-x	12.38	7.39E-06
miR-1388-y	11.76	4.20E-04
miR-1338-y	11.67	9.18E-04
miR-7132-x	11.16	9.01E-03
miR-3964-y	11.09	3.37E-03
miR-7935-y	11.01	4.31E-03
miR-6537-x	10.46	0.023

差异表达miRNA ID DEmiRNA ID	以2为底miRNA的相对变化倍数的对数值 log₂fold change	P值 P value
miR-8503-x	-14.09	3.09E-04
miR-298-x	-13.64	2.65E-08
miR-291-y	-12.94	8.67E-05
miR-292-y	-12.75	3.40E-04
miR-4700-x	-12.55	0.015
miR-293-y	-12.27	6.77E-04
miR-2965-y	-12.13	0.030
miR-2518-y	-12.13	6.13E-03
miR-300-y	-12.03	2.96E-04
miR-4577-y	-12.01	0.038

通路 Pathway	通路ID Pathway ID	靶mRNA富集数 Number of target mRNAs	P值 P value
钙信号通道 Calcium signaling pathway	ko04020	77	1.30E-14
催产素信号通路 Oxytocin signaling pathway	ko04921	82	1.07E-14
坏死性凋亡 Necroptosis	ko04217	58	5.72E-16
嗅觉传导 Olfactory transduction	ko04740	50	3.01E-17
长时程增强 Long-term potentiation	ko04720	70	3.98E-18
Hippo信号通路 Hippo signaling pathway	ko04390	118	1.29E-18
促性腺激素释放激素信号通路 GnRH signaling pathway	ko04912	79	4.76E-19
神经营养因子信号通路 Neurotrophin signaling pathway	ko04722	89	3.17E-21
胆碱能突触 Cholinergic synapse	ko04725	79	2.90E-21
胃酸分泌 Gastric acid secretion	ko04971	69	2.05E-21
醛固酮合成与分泌 Aldosterone synthesis and secretion	ko04925	74	1.94E-21
cAMP信号通路 cAMP signaling pathway	ko04024	113	1.73E-21
昼夜节律调节 Circadian entrainment	ko04713	75	2.93E-23
胰岛素分泌 Insulin secretion	ko04911	78	2.53E-23
ErbB信号通路 ErbB signaling pathway	ko04012	80	2.43E-25

The Potential Role of MicroRNAs and MicroRNA-Mediated Competing Endogenous Networks During the Developmental Process of Apis mellifera ligustica Worker’s Midgut

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通路 Pathway	通路ID Pathway ID	靶mRNA富集数 Number of target mRNAs	P值 P value
Hippo信号通路 Hippo signaling pathway	ko04390	134	6.20E-17
醛固酮合成与分泌 Aldosterone synthesis and secretion	ko04925	78	1.79E-17
胆碱能突触 Cholinergic synapse	ko04725	84	1.71E-17
卵母细胞减数分裂 Oocyte meiosis	ko04114	103	8.04E-19
昼夜节律调节 Circadian entrainment	ko04713	79	3.12E-19
胃酸分泌 Gastric acid secretion	ko04971	75	1.66E-19
神经营养因子信号通路 Neurotrophin signaling pathway	ko04722	99	1.20E-19
胰岛素分泌 Insulin secretion	ko04911	83	9.94E-20
促性腺激素释放激素信号通路 GnRH signaling pathway	ko04912	91	9.12E-20
长时程增强 Long-term potentiation	ko04720	82	4.72E-20
钙信号通道 Calcium signaling pathway	ko04020	101	3.09E-22
ErbB信号通路 ErbB signaling pathway	ko04012	87	3.11E-23
cAMP信号通路 cAMP signaling pathway	ko04024	134	1.19E-23
炎症介质对TRP通道的调节Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels	ko04750	97	9.4E-26
黑色素生成 Melanogenesis	ko04916	117	9.23E-28

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