地膜覆盖条件下黄土高原玉米产量及水分利用效应分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.12.004

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Present study comprehensively evaluated effectiveness of the yield and water use under plastic film mulching for maize production, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the rational utilization of plastic film mulching in the Loess Plateau area. 【Method】 The published data about plastic film mulching of maize were collected in the Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2017, using CNKI, Web of Science and EI Compondex, to analyze the effects of plastic film mulching on maize yield, water use and water use efficiency. 【Result】 The results showed that, the average yield of 50% film mulching was 9 348 kg·hm^-2, which was 33% higher than the control of 7 059 kg·hm^-2; The average yield of 100% film mulching was 9 191 kg·hm^-2, which was 56% higher than the control of 5 910 kg·hm^-2; Compared with no film mulching, both 100% film mulching and 50% film mulching significantly increased the yield of maize. However, the yield of maize under 100% film mulching and 50% film mulching was similar. In addition, the increase of maize yield was significantly and positively related with the increase of altitude, which was higher than 900 m under 100% film mulching and 627 m under 50% film mulching, respectively. This was possibly ascribed to the increase of soil temperature under film mulch. The average evapotranspiration (ET) of 50% film mulching was 385 mm, which was 1% lower than the control of 389 mm; The average ET of 100% film mulching was 366 mm, which was 2.5% higher than the control of 357 mm, the ET under 50% film mulching and the control was similar, but 100% film mulching significantly increased evapotranspiration relative to the control, while there was no significant difference between the two mulching treatments. The average water use efficiency (WUE) of 50% film mulching was 17.3 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1, which was 31% higher than the control of 13.2 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1; The average WUE of 100% film mulching was 17.5 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1, which was 50% higher than the control of 11.7 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1; Compared with the control, both 100% film mulching and 50% film mulching significantly increased the WUE of maize. However, the WUE of maize under 100% film mulching and 50% film mulching was similar. The significant increase of maize yield and WUE by film mulching was related to the decrease of soil evaporation by 57 mm and the increase of potential transpiration efficiency by 11.2 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1. 【Conclusion】 At the regional scale, 50% film mulching and 100% film mulching had equivalent effects on maize yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency. Considering the environmental pollution and economic cost caused by film mulching, 50% film mulching was recommended for maize cultivation in the Loess Plateau.

Key words: film mulching, potential transpiration efficiency, soil evaporation, water use efficiency, zea mays, grain yield

XU JiaXing,FENG YongTao,YE YuLian,ZHANG RunZe,HU ChangLu,LEI Tong,ZHANG ShuLan. Effects of Plastic Film Mulching on Yield and Water Use of Maize in the Loess Plateau[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(12): 2349-2359.

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References 47

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