新疆产棉区高强棉纤维形成的纤维素累积特征及适宜温度

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.22.004

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Xinjiang region is a major cotton growing-region in northwest China. Temperatures in the region, especially night-time temperatures, drop drastically at the end of the cotton growing season. The objective of research was to explicate the effects of temperatures on fiber development, so as to benefit to cotton production. 【Method】 Three field experiments were conducted by different sowing dates, elevated night-time temperature during entire fiber development (from anthesis to boll opening) and elevated night-time temperature during different stage of fiber development (from anthesis to the onset of rapid cellulose deposition, between the onset and termination of rapid cellulose deposition, and from the termination of rapid cellulose deposition to boll opening). The effects of temperatures on cellulose deposition were analyzed to explore the temperature conditions for producing high fiber strength. 【Result】 Fiber strength was significantly affected by the duration of rapid cellulose deposition (T), the average rate of cellulose deposition from anthesis until the onset of rapid cellulose deposition (V₁) and the maximum cellulose content (W_m). Fiber strength was quadratically related to the V₁ and was positively correlated with the W_m. Growing degree days was the factor associated with cellulose deposition in cotton fiber. The relationship between both was going to go the other way during the different fiber developing stages. During the early stage of fiber development (anthesis to the onset of rapid cellulose deposition), growing degree days was significantly and negatively correlated with fiber strength, whereas there was positive relationship between both during the period between the onset and termination of rapid cellulose deposition. During the period from anthesis until the onset of rapid cellulose deposition, the average rate of cellulose deposition decreased as growing degree days increased, which had an unfavorable about fiber strength. During the period of rapid cellulose deposition, growing degree days increased significantly the cellulose deposition rate during from anthesis until the onset of rapid cellulose deposition and the duration time of rapid cellulose deposition, then fiber strength increased. There was a possibility of producing more than 30 cN/tex of fiber strength, when the following conditions were met: (1) the V₁ was between 1.32%·d ^-1and1.76%·d ^-1; (2) cellulose deposition entered the onset of rapid cellulose deposition (t₁) at 6.7-13.3 days post-anthesis (dpa); (3) the duration of rapid cellulose deposition (T) was 20.2-25.6 days;(4) the time of cellulose deposition was 39.0-46.9 days, and (5) the growing degree days was 5.6℃-96.3℃ and 181.5℃-262.3℃ during from anthesis until the onset of rapid cellulose deposition and the duration time of rapid cellulose deposition, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Therefore, growing degree days resulted in different effects on fiber strength during the different fiber developing, and the main reason was that growing degree days caused variability effects on the average cellulose rate during the period from anthesis until the onset of rapid cellulose deposition.

Key words: cotton, growing degree days, cellulose deposition, fiber strength, upper cotton boll

TIAN JingShan,ZHANG XuYi,HU XiaoBing,SUI LongLong,ZHANG PengPeng,WANG WenMin,GOU Ling,ZHANG WangFeng. Cellulose Deposition Characteristics of High Strength Cotton Fiber and Optimal Temperature Requirements in Xinjiang Region[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(22): 4252-4263.

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References 42

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日期 Date	2008			2009			2015		2016
日期 Date	I	II	III	I	II	III	I	II	I	II	III
播种日期（月-日） Sown dates (M-D)	4-15	5-1	5-15	4-15	5-1	5-15	4-20	5-20	4-8	4-15	4-22
挂花时期（月-日） Anthesis dates (M-D)	7-12	7-19	7-27	7-14	7-21	8-4	7-5	7-26	7-15	7-15	7-22

年份 Year	增温处理 Temperature regimes	挂花日期（月-日） Anthesis dates (M-D)	增温开始日期（月-日） Initial dates (M-D)	增温结束日期（月-日） Final dates (M-D)	增温时段 Elevated regimes (days post-anthesis, dpa)	最低温度增加幅度 Difference values of minimum temperatures (℃)	夜间相对湿度与对照的差值 Difference values of relative humidity (%)
2010	N	8-5	8-5	9-27	0-55	4.5	-2.8
2014	N₁	7-31	7-31	8-15	0-15	4.3	-0.4
	N₂	7-31	8-15	9-3	15-34	1.6	6.4
	N₃	7-13	8-15	9-3	34-51	1.6	6.4
2015	N	8-15	8-15	9-18	0-34	2.7	0.2
	N₁	8-15	8-15	9-6	0-22	3.1	-0.8
	N₂	8-12	9-6	9-18	22-34	2.0	2.0

纤维素累积阶段 Period of cotton fiber development	纤维素特征值 Cellulose deposition parameters	最低温度 Daily minimum temperature	最高温度 Daily maximum temperature	平均温度 Average temperature	≥15℃有效积温 Growing degree days	日温差 Diurnal temperature range
I 段区 Period I	t₁	-0.1511	0.0075	-0.0078	0.8236^**	0.1807
(0—t₁)	V₁	0.2041	0.1679	0.1700	-0.6589^**	-0.0453
	W_m	0.0994	0.2906	0.2730	-0.0926	0.2228
	Str	-0.1299	-0.1067	-0.1332	-0.3696^*	0.0295
II 段区 Period II	t₂	-0.6825^**	-0.4674^**	-0.5690^**	0.1098	0.4931^**
(t₁—t₂)	T	-0.3723^*	-0.2861	-0.2945	0.6738^**	0.2178
	V_t	0.6543^**	0.6358^**	0.6341^**	-0.2759	-0.1300
	W_m	0.4187^*	0.6011^**	0.5526^**	0.5674^**	0.2887
	V₁	0.4703^**	0.3247	0.4409^**	0.7481^**	-0.3277
	Str	0.1215	0.1480	0.1349	0.3636^*	0.0399

因素Factor	t₁	t₂	T	V₁	V_t	W_m	Str
t₁	1	0.0099	0.0045	0.0001	0.0983	0.1749	0.0754
t₂	0.4241^**	1	0.0001	0.0527	0.0001	0.9894	0.6073
T	-0.4624^**	0.6069^**	1	0.0053	0.0001	0.2303	0.0363
V₁	-0.8822^**	-0.3256	0.4554^**	1	0.3513	0.0030	0.0202
V_t	0.2799	-0.5932^**	-0.8265^**	-0.1600	1	0.1420	0.5900
W_m	-0.2312	0.0023	0.2050	0.4808^**	0.2497	1	0.0001
Str	-0.3001	0.0886	0.3501^*	0.3855^*	-0.0929	0.6865^**	1

Cellulose Deposition Characteristics of High Strength Cotton Fiber and Optimal Temperature Requirements in Xinjiang Region

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