Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2016, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (23): 4628-4637.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.23.015

• ANIMAL SCIENCE·VETERINARY SCIENCERE·SOURCE INSECT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Breeding of Disease Resistant Dwarf Chickens by Phagocytic Ability

MA Hui1, HAN Hong-bing2, NING Zhong-hua2, LIAN Zheng-xing2   

  1. 1College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050
    2College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2016-01-07 Online:2016-12-01 Published:2016-12-01

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Abstract: 【Objective】 Monocytes-macrophages play an important role in the immune system. The effect of selection for monocytes-macrophages phagocytosis on infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) resistance in generation 1 (G1) of dwarf chickens was studied. 【Method】 The phagocytic index (PI) of 500 dwarf chickens (400 hens and 100 cocks) of generation 0 (G0) was tested at 290 d of age, and then the chickens were divided into high and low PI groups (HPIG and LPIG). 2 ´ 2 mating combinations were conducted: HPIG ♂ ´ HPIG ♀, LPIG ♂ ´ HPIG ♀, HPIG ♂ ´ LPIG ♀, LPIG ♂ ´ LPIG ♀. Four hundred G1 chickens (half in sex) equally from 4 mating groups were selected to IBV challenge at 1 d, 360 of which were artificially inoculated with allantoic fluid containing IBV M41 virus, while 40 as a control. Chickens were observed for 14 d and deaths were recorded. Paraffin sections were made and stained by hematoxylin-eosin (H. E.). Antibody titers of the survival chickens at 15 d were measured by the red cell agglutination inhibition test (HI). Twelve G1 chickens at 20 w equally from high and low PI groups were selected. Monocytes- macrophages were isolated and cultured, then challenged with Poly I:C. Expression of mRNA of cytokines and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) were tested by quantitative real-time PCR. 【Result】 Phagocytic ability of heterologous erythrocytes were different significantly in G0. G1 chickens were incubated according to mating groups according to PI of G0. Results of challenge in G1 showed that the mortality rate (33.3±0.05)% of progeny from HPIG ♂ ´ HPIG ♀ were significantly lower than that of progeny from LPIG ♂ ´ LPIG ♀(55.6±0.05)%. Mortality rates of progeny from LPIG ♂ ´ HPIG ♀ and HPIG ♂´ LPIG ♀were (43.3±0.05)% and (47.8±0.05)% respectively. Effect of hens on the offspring was greater than cocks. The mortality rate of progeny from HPIG ♀ was (38.3±0.04)%, which was significantly lower than that of progeny from LPIG ♀(51.7±0.04)%. Chickens showed clinical symptoms of cough, shortness of breath, loss of appetite and depression after challenged with IBV M41 for 3 d. Typical damages on the trachea and kidney of dead and sick chickens could be seen through H. E. staining. Epithelial cells appeared necrosis and empty bubble degeneration in tracheal, respectively. The control group showed no clinical symptoms and pathological changes. The antibody titers of 198 surviving challenged individuals showed that antibody titer of progeny from HPIG ♀ (8.45±0.07) was significantly higher than that of progeny from LPIG ♀(8.10±0.08). Expressions of IFN γ and IL-1β of high phagocytic chickens (progeny of HPIG ♀) was 5.14 times (P＜0.05) and 2.41 times (P＜0.05) higher than the low phagocytic chickens (progeny of LPIG ♀). Expression of MHC Ⅰ of high phagocytic chickens was significantly higher than that of low phagocytic chickens, while expression of MHCⅡ was not significant. 【Conclusion】 The experiment was performed with four mating combinations according to phagocytic index of monocytes-macrophages in vitro. Mortality rate of progeny of HPIG ♀ was significantly lower than that of progeny of LPIG ♀ after challenge, while the antibody titer and the expression of cytokines (IFN γ and IL-1β) and MHC Ⅰ were significantly higher. The results showed that the progeny of HPIG ♀ was more resistant to IBV than progeny of LPIG ♀. Therefore, the phagocytic ability of monocytes-macrophages could be an indicator for breeding IBV resistant lines.

Key words: monocyte, macrophage, phagocytosis, disease resistance, dwarf chicken

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