舍内不同氨气浓度对肉鸡抗氧化性能及肉品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.21.014

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The aim of this experiment is to study the effects of different concentration of ammonia on the antioxidant capacity and the meat quality of broiler chickens. 【Method】 The study has adopted a single factor completely randomized design. A total of 400 21-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers were randomly divided into 4 respiratory chambers, and each chamber was a treatment with 4 replicates, and 25 broilers in each replicate. The following concentrations of ammonia were set in different groups: ＜3 mg·kg^-1 (control group), (25±3), (50±3), (75±3) mg·kg^-1 respectively. The respiratory chambers controlled the environment with full-automation. The entire experimental period was 21 days: the starter phase was 21-31 d, and the later phase was 32-42 d. Broilers were provided ad libitum access to feed and water in nets. The antioxidant capacity of blood and muscle, and meat quality were determined at 32 d and 42 d of age.【Result】(1) Antioxidant capacity: At 21-31 d of age, with ammonia concentration increasing, the activity of SOD showed a quadratic increase (P＜0.05), and the activity of T-AOC(total antioxidation capacity) and the content of MDA (malondialdehyde) showed a linear increase (P＜0.05) in serum. The activity of CAT (catalase) and the content of MDA in the breast muscle showed a linear increase trend (0.05＜P＜0.10), and the activity of T-AOC showed a linear decrease (P＜0.05) in breast muscle. The activity of T-AOC showed a linear increase trend (0.05＜P＜0.10) in thigh muscle of broilers, and the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) of broilers in 75 mg·kg^-1group was higher than in others (P＜0.05). The activity of CAT in liver showed a linear decrease trend (0.05＜P＜0.10), the content of MDA showed a linear increase (P＜0.05). At 32-42 d of age, with ammonia concentration increasing, the activity of GSH-Px (glutathione peroxidase) showed a quadratic decrease (P＜0.05), and the activity of CAT showed a linear decrease in serum of broiler (P＜0.05). The activity of SOD in serum in the 50 mg·kg^-1 group was lower than that in the control (P＜0.05). The activity of CAT showed a linear increase (P＜0.05), and activity of T-AOC showed a quadratic decrease in breast muscle (P＜0.05). The activity of GSH-Px showed a quadratic increase (P＜0.05) in thigh muscle of broilers. The activity of SOD in thigh muscle of broilers exposed to 75 mg·kg^-1 was significantly higher than other groups (P＜0.05). With ammonia concentration increasing, the activity of T-AOC in the liver showed a quadratic increase trend (0.05＜P＜0.10). The activity of GSH-Px showed a linear decrease in liver (P＜0.05). (2) Meat quality: At 21-31 d of age, with ammonia concentration increasing, the shear force and the values of b* showed a linear decrease (P＜0.05), on the contrary, the values of L* showed a linear increase in breast muscle (P＜0.05), but the values of L* in the thigh muscle showed a linear decrease (P＜0.05), and the values of a* and pH 24 h showed a quadratic increase (P＜0.05). The values of b* showed a linear decrease trend (0.05＜P＜0.10). At 32-42 d of age, with ammonia concentration increasing, the shear force and the values of a* showed a linear decrease (P＜0.05), but the values of b* and pH 24 h showed a linear increase in breast muscle (P＜0.05). The values of L* in breast muscle of broilers exposed to 50 mg·kg^-1 were significantly higher than the other groups. The values of pH 45 min in thigh muscle showed a quadratic increase trend (0.05＜P＜0.10).【Conclusion】The result suggested that, ammonia in broiler houses adversely affects on antioxidant capacity and meat quality. Moreover, the adverse effects of ammonia could be worse with increased concentration and exposure period.

Key words: ammonia, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, broiler

XING Huan, LUAN Su-jun, SUN Yong-bo, SA Ren-na, ZHANG Hong-fu. Effect of Ammonia in Broiler Houses on the Antioxidant Activity and Meat Quality of Broiler[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(21): 4347-4357.

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