不同放牧强度下温性草甸草原土壤生物性状及与地上植被的关系

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.23.011

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The number of the soil microorganisms and soil enzyme are sensitive indexes for soil quality and ecosystem functional changes, it’s an important biological indicator for evaluating soil ecosystem degradation under interference conditions. This study focused on relationship between soil’s biological properties and aboveground vegetation under different grazing intensities, which explained the soil and plant degradation process and mechanism under grazing, thus giving a theoretical basis for ecological restoration of degraded grassland.【Method】 Based on the cattle grazing control experiment carried out in the temperate meadow steppe in the Hulunbeir Grassland, the number of soil microorganisms and soil enzymes activity changes under four different grazing intensities (control area G_0.00: 0.00 Au·hm^-2, light grazing G_0.23: 0.23 Au·hm^-2, moderate grazing G_0.46: 0.46 Au·hm^-2 and heavy grazing G_0.92: 0.92 Au·hm^-2) were monitored, and the relationship between soil’s biological properties and aboveground vegetation indexes was analyzed. 【Result】The maximum number of ammonifying bacteria, oligotrophic azotobacter microorganisms, oligotrophic cellulolytic microorganisms appeared in the treatment of light grazing G_0.23; the maximum number of aerobe azotobacter, oligotrophic azotobacter appeared in the treatment of moderate grazing G_0.46. Except for catalase, the activities of alkaline phosphatase, urease and invertase decreased significantly as grazing intensity increased (P＜0.05) . The tendency of vegetation coverage, biomass and vegetation diversity indexes obviously decreased with the increase of grazing gradient. The soil bacterial physiological functional groups (except Nitrifying bacteria) were positively correlated with the species richness of aboveground vegetation, vegetation coverage, community diversity indexes and biomass; the soil alkaline phosphatase and urease activities showed a significant positive correlation with vegetation coverage, community diversity indexes and biomass(P＜0.05).【Conclusion】The temperate meadow steppe soil’s biological properties showed different degrees of change under different grazing intensities, soil enzyme activities represented the current state of soil ecological system better than the microorganism community, and it had a better correlation with aboveground vegetation indexes.

Key words: grazing, above-ground vegetation, soil bacterial physiological functional groups, soil enzyme

TAN Hong-yan, YAN Rui-rui, YAN Yu-chun, CHEN Bao-rui, XIN Xiao-ping. The Relationship Between Temperate Meadow Steppe Soil’s Biological Properties and Aboveground Vegetation Under Different Grazing Intensities[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(23): 4658-4667.

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