Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1151-1161.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.06.011

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Bioinformatics of the MADS-Box Transcription Factor and Their Expression in Different Apple Tissues

 DONG  Qing-Long, JI  Zhi-Rui, CHI  Fu-Mei, TIAN  Yi, AN  Xiu-Hong, XU  Cheng-Nan, ZHOU  Zong-Shan   

  1. Institute of Pomology ,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125100, Liaoning
  • Received:2013-09-13 Online:2014-03-15 Published:2013-11-07

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Abstract: 【Objective】The study aimed to analyze the basic information of MADS-box genes of apple (Malus × domestica), and study their expression levels in different apple tissues.【Method】Apple MADS-box genes were obtained by the NCBI database query, and the amino acid sequences were analyzed with CLC Combined Workbench version 6, WebLogo 3, MEGA4.1, MapInspect and MEME bioinformatics software, their expression levels in different tissues were further studied with RT-PCR.【Result】Totally 26 apple MADS-box genes were found in NCBI database. The results of domain analysis indicated that amino acid 10(I), 16-19 (RQVT), 22-23 (KR), 29-31 (KKA), 33 (E), 37, 39 (LCD), 42 (V) and 48 (S) of apple MADS-box domain were conserved. Conserved motif analysis showed that the conserved motifs 1 and 3, which specify the MADS domain and motifs 2 and 4, which specify the K domain, were observed in all apple MADS-box proteins (except for MdMADS9). The result of phylogenetic analysis revealed that apple MADS-box genes were divided into 5 subclasses. MdMADS1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11 and 18 belong to SEP subclass. MdMADS2, 5 and 12 are AP1 subclass. MdMADS10, 14, 15, 19, 22 and MdAGL belong to AG subclass. MdMADS16, 17, 21, MdSOC1, MdSOC1a and MdSOC1c are SOC1 subclass. MdMADS13, 23 and MdPI belong to AP3 subclass. MdMADS20 belong to SVP subclass. Chromosome mapping analysis showed that the largest number of apple MADS-box genes were found on chromosome 08 (four genes), followed by chromosomes 02, 14 and 17 (three genes each). Only one gene is located on chromosomes 01, 05, 06, 07, 11 and 16, respectively. No gene is located on chromosomes 03, 04, 12 and 15. RT-PCR results indicated that MdMADS genes were highly expressed in flowers and mature fruits. Similar expression patterns were observed within the SEP and AGL subclasses. AP1 subclass was not only expressed in flowers and mature fruits, but also expressed in other tissues. 【Conclusion】 MdMADS genes are highly and structurally conserved and involved in regulation of apple flower and fruit development processes.

Key words: apple , MADS-box , transcription factor , bioinformatics , expression analysis

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