中国农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (22): 4342-4355.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.22.002
沈倩1,2(),张思平1,刘瑞华1,刘绍东1,陈静1,葛常伟1,马慧娟1,赵新华1,杨国正2,宋美珍1(
),庞朝友1(
)
收稿日期:
2022-07-13
接受日期:
2022-08-15
出版日期:
2022-11-16
发布日期:
2022-12-14
通讯作者:
宋美珍,庞朝友
作者简介:
沈倩,E-mail:基金资助:
SHEN Qian1,2(),ZHANG SiPing1,LIU RuiHua1,LIU ShaoDong1,CHEN Jing1,GE ChangWei1,MA HuiJuan1,ZHAO XinHua1,YANG GuoZheng2,SONG MeiZhen1(
),PANG ChaoYou1(
)
Received:
2022-07-13
Accepted:
2022-08-15
Online:
2022-11-16
Published:
2022-12-14
Contact:
MeiZhen SONG,ChaoYou PANG
摘要:
【目的】 综合评价棉花品种(系)出苗期耐冷性,建立可靠评价模型,筛选鉴定指标,为耐冷品种选育鉴定提供简便有效的评价方法。【方法】 以200份陆地棉品种(系)为试验材料,设恒定低温、昼夜变温和适宜温度3个处理,测定其出苗率、下胚轴长、根长、百粒重等指标,采用耐冷系数差异分析、频次分析、降幅分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和多元回归分析等方法,对群体进行耐冷型划分,并建立耐冷性评价模型和确定鉴定指标。【结果】 各指标在适宜温度下变异幅度较小,变异系数为3.12%—18.89%,各品种(系)出苗率在85.00%以上,具有较高的生活力,可用于后续耐冷性分析。在低温胁迫下群体内各指标变异幅度增大,为7.14%—108.33%,在恒定低温和昼夜变温下,变幅最大的指标依次为根长和萌发指数。主成分分析将14个低温相关指标和百粒重转换为6个相互独立的综合指标,代表了全部数据74.98%的信息量。利用隶属函数法计算综合耐冷评价值(D),并对其进行聚类分析,按照耐冷性强弱将200份陆地棉品种(系)划分为5类,第Ⅰ类群属于强耐冷型共2份,第Ⅱ类群属于耐冷型共42份,第Ⅲ类群属于中耐冷型共69份,第Ⅳ类群属于较敏感型共83份,第Ⅴ类群属于敏感型共4份,其中,新陆中16号为耐冷性最强的品种。采用多元回归分析方法,建立棉花出苗期耐冷性预测模型为Y=-4.10+0.58X4+0.40X14+0.32X1+0.22X5(R2=0.92),筛选出4个耐冷性鉴定指标,分别为恒定低温下的棉苗总长、出苗率、干物重和昼夜变温下的萌发率。田间早播试验中各品种(系)的出苗率,与室内试验结果基本一致。【结论】 采用恒定低温和昼夜变温处理结合多元统计分析方法对棉花出苗期耐冷性评价是可行的,恒定低温下的棉苗总长、出苗率、干物重和昼夜变温下的萌发率,可作为鉴定指标。
沈倩,张思平,刘瑞华,刘绍东,陈静,葛常伟,马慧娟,赵新华,杨国正,宋美珍,庞朝友. 棉花出苗期耐冷综合评价体系的构建及耐冷指标筛选[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(22): 4342-4355.
SHEN Qian,ZHANG SiPing,LIU RuiHua,LIU ShaoDong,CHEN Jing,GE ChangWei,MA HuiJuan,ZHAO XinHua,YANG GuoZheng,SONG MeiZhen,PANG ChaoYou. Construction of A Comprehensive Evaluation System and Screening of Cold Tolerance Indicators for Cold Tolerance of Cotton at Seedling Emergence Stage[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(22): 4342-4355.
表1
200份棉花品种(系)基础性状的统计学分析"
指标 Parameter | 均值 Mean | 中位数 Median | 变异系数 Coefficient variation | 标准差 Standard deviation | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 偏度 Skewness | 峰度 Kurtosis |
百粒重HGW (g) | 9.71 | 9.50 | 11.12 | 1.08 | 7.13 | 12.98 | 0.41 | 0.07 |
出苗率ER (%) | 94.34 | 95.00 | 6.53 | 6.16 | 85.00 | 100.00 | -0.84 | -0.36 |
下胚轴长度HL (cm) | 10.11 | 10.10 | 6.82 | 0.69 | 8.20 | 12.68 | 0.14 | 0.52 |
根长RL (cm) | 12.14 | 12.20 | 10.63 | 1.29 | 8.27 | 15.81 | -0.32 | 0.22 |
总长TL (cm) | 22.24 | 22.30 | 7.46 | 1.66 | 16.60 | 26.85 | -0.2 | 0.24 |
萌发率GR (%) | 99.05 | 100.00 | 3.12 | 3.09 | 60.00 | 100.00 | -6.43 | 61.68 |
萌发指数GI | 14.72 | 14.50 | 18.89 | 2.78 | 7.00 | 20.00 | 0.11 | -0.95 |
干物重DW (mg/plant) | 70.32 | 69.00 | 14.60 | 10.27 | 46.00 | 103.90 | 0.45 | -0.07 |
可溶性糖含量SS (mg·g-1) | 49.92 | 47.45 | 12.70 | 6.34 | 32.14 | 66.50 | 0.15 | 0.035 |
游离氨基酸含量SAA (mg·g-1) | 28.12 | 27.65 | 17.99 | 5.06 | 14.73 | 40.30 | -0.31 | -0.07 |
表2
20个棉花品种在低温处理不同时间后出苗率的差异分析"
低温处理 Chilling stress | 时间 Time (d) | 最小值 Minimum (%) | 最大值 Maximum (%) | 平均值 Mean | 变异系数 Coefficient variation (%) |
恒定低温 Constant chilling | 1 | 59.26 | 99.97 | 85.89 | 17.02 |
3 | 36.19 | 98.25 | 69.81 | 37.29 | |
5 | 0.00 | 68.03 | 40.77 | 88.04 | |
7 | 0.00 | 15.56 | 2.84 | 202.56 | |
9 | 0.00 | 24.44 | 2.19 | 265.24 | |
昼夜变温 Diurnal variation of chilling | 10 | 13.73 | 100.00 | 66.22 | 47.52 |
12 | 20.95 | 96.30 | 60.51 | 50.29 | |
13 | 0.00 | 90.04 | 43.38 | 107.41 | |
14 | 0.00 | 84.44 | 23.02 | 126.45 | |
16 | 0.00 | 59.26 | 23.23 | 123.32 |
表3
不同棉花材料出苗期各耐冷指标的差异分析"
指标 Parameter | 均值 Mean | 中位数 Median | 变异系数 Coefficient variation (%) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 偏度 Skewness | 峰度 Kurtosis |
ER-CC | 0.66 | 0.67 | 21.21 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.99 | -0.32 | -0.25 |
HL-CC | 0.70 | 0.70 | 7.14 | 0.05 | 0.52 | 0.83 | -0.16 | 0.43 |
RL-CC | 0.46 | 0.44 | 21.74 | 0.10 | 0.31 | 0.94 | 1.76 | 4.71 |
TL-CC | 0.58 | 0.57 | 10.34 | 0.06 | 0.42 | 0.77 | 0.57 | 0.56 |
WD-CC | 0.74 | 0.74 | 10.81 | 0.08 | 0.56 | 0.93 | 0.21 | -0.09 |
SAA-CC | 0.85 | 0.89 | 23.53 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 1.36 | -0.41 | -0.35 |
SS-CC | 1.24 | 1.23 | 11.29 | 0.14 | 0.79 | 1.95 | 0.88 | 3.84 |
ER-DVC | 0.63 | 0.64 | 25.40 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.96 | -0.34 | -0.06 |
HL-DVC | 0.78 | 0.79 | 7.69 | 0.06 | 0.65 | 0.89 | -0.15 | 0.29 |
RL-DVC | 0.66 | 0.65 | 19.70 | 0.13 | 0.41 | 1.12 | 0.57 | 1.80 |
TL-DVC | 0.72 | 0.71 | 11.11 | 0.08 | 0.56 | 1.00 | 0.51 | 1.51 |
WD-DVC | 0.73 | 0.73 | 12.33 | 0.09 | 0.51 | 0.92 | 0.05 | -0.05 |
GI-DVC | 0.35 | 0.32 | 62.86 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 0.63 | 2.11 | 4.38 |
GR-DVC | 0.12 | 0.08 | 108.33 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.81 | 0.50 | -0.41 |
表4
供试棉花材料各性状指标的耐冷系数及其在不同区间的分布"
指标 Parameter | 0<CTC≤0.2 | 0.2<CTC≤0.4 | 0.4<CTC≤0.6 | 0.6<CTC≤0.8 | 0.8<CTC≤1.2 | 1.2<CTC≤1.8 | ||||||
次数 Times | 频次 Freq. (%) | 次数 Times | 频次 Freq. (%) | 次数 Times | 频次 Freq. (%) | 次数 Times | 频次 Freq. (%) | 次数 Times | 频次 Freq. (%) | 次数 Times | 频次 Freq. (%) | |
ER-CC | 38 | 19.00 | 40 | 20.00 | 52 | 26.00 | 41 | 20.50 | 29 | 14.50 | 0 | 0.00 |
HL-CC | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 7 | 3.50 | 188 | 94.00 | 5 | 2.50 | 0 | 0.00 |
RL-CC | 0 | 0.00 | 54 | 27.00 | 132 | 66.00 | 12 | 6.00 | 2 | 1.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
TL-CC | 0 | 0.00 | 137 | 68.50 | 63 | 31.50 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
DW-CC | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 6 | 3.00 | 148 | 74.00 | 46 | 23.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
SS-CC | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.50 | 74 | 37.00 | 125 | 62.50 |
SAA-CC | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 1.50 | 20 | 10.00 | 46 | 23.00 | 125 | 62.50 | 6 | 3.00 |
ER-DVC | 2 | 1.00 | 13 | 6.50 | 68 | 34.00 | 90 | 45.00 | 27 | 13.50 | 0 | 0.00 |
HL-DVC | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 135 | 67.50 | 65 | 32.50 | 0 | 0.00 |
RL-DVC | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 55 | 27.50 | 130 | 65.00 | 15 | 7.50 | 0 | 0.00 |
TL-DVC | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 6 | 3.00 | 177 | 88.50 | 17 | 8.50 | 0 | 0.00 |
DW-DVC | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 10 | 5.00 | 154 | 77.00 | 36 | 18.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
GI-DVC | 170 | 85.00 | 17 | 8.50 | 11 | 5.50 | 2 | 1.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
GR-DVC | 46 | 23.00 | 87 | 43.50 | 43 | 21.50 | 23 | 11.50 | 1 | 0.50 | 0 | 0.00 |
CTC:耐冷系数。下同 CTC: Cold tolerance coefficient. The same as below |
表5
6个主成分的特征向量、特征值、方差贡献率及累积贡献率"
性状 Trait | 特征向量Power vector | |||||
PV1 | PV2 | PV3 | PV4 | PV5 | PV6 | |
ER-CC | 0.52 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.05 |
HL-CC | 0.87 | 0.17 | -0.02 | -0.04 | -0.24 | 0.09 |
RL-CC | 0.81 | 0.20 | 0.01 | -0.25 | 0.045 | -0.09 |
TL-CC | 0.94 | 0.23 | -0.02 | -0.14 | -0.11 | 0.00 |
DW-CC | 0.69 | 0.15 | 0.17 | -0.19 | -0.08 | 0.06 |
SS-CC | 0.31 | 0.10 | -0.09 | 0.56 | 0.13 | -0.07 |
SAA-CC | -0.30 | 0.07 | 0.39 | -0.27 | -0.33 | -0.37 |
ER-DVC | -0.10 | 0.46 | -0.25 | 0.58 | -0.24 | 0.13 |
HL-DVC | -0.10 | 0.65 | -0.25 | 0.08 | -0.15 | 0.05 |
RL-DVC | -0.23 | 0.77 | -0.36 | -0.22 | 0.07 | -0.03 |
TL-DVC | -0.23 | 0.85 | -0.36 | -0.21 | 0.03 | -0.01 |
DW-DVC | -0.11 | 0.28 | 0.09 | -0.17 | 0.82 | -0.13 |
GI-DVC | -0.12 | 0.50 | 0.80 | 0.07 | -0.02 | 0.12 |
GR-DVC | -0.18 | 0.55 | 0.73 | 0.17 | -0.02 | 0.05 |
HGW | -0.15 | -0.09 | 0.04 | -0.25 | 0.06 | 0.89 |
特征值 Characteristic value | 3.40 | 2.74 | 1.76 | 1.24 | 1.10 | 1.01 |
方差贡献率 Contribution rate (%) | 22.65 | 18.25 | 11.74 | 8.26 | 7.35 | 6.72 |
累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate (%) | 22.65 | 40.90 | 52.64 | 60.90 | 68.25 | 74.98 |
表6
棉花品种(系)耐冷性预测模型"
多元回归方程 Multiple regression equation | 相关系数 r | 判定系数 R2 | F值 F value | P值 P value |
Y=-3.28+0.80X4 | 0.80 | 0.64 | 342.76 | ≤0.001 |
Y=-3.94+0.82X4+0.42X14 | 0.90 | 0.81 | 409.48 | ≤0.001 |
Y=-3.84+0.71X4+0.41X14+0.31X1 | 0.94 | 0.87 | 506.66 | ≤0.001 |
Y=-4.10+0.58X4+0.40X14+0.32X1+0.22X5 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 537.36 | ≤0.001 |
Y=-5.02+0.54X4+0.39X14+0.29X1+0.23X5+0.17X6 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 654.30 | ≤0.001 |
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