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Special Issue:
油料作物Oil Crops
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| Millet/peanut intercropping at a moderate N rate increases crop productivity and N use efficiency, as well as economic benefits, under rain-fed conditions |
LIU Zhu1, 2, NAN Zhen-wu1, LIN Song-ming1, YU Hai-qiu2, XIE Li-yong2, MENG Wei-wei1#, ZHANG Zheng1, 3#, WAN Shu-bo1
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1 Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P.R.China
2 Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R.China
3 College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P.R.China
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摘要
谷类/豆类间作已在世界范围内被广泛采用，以提高可持续农业系统中的作物生产力。在不同的间作组合中，谷子/花生间作可以适应大部分缺水地区。然而，关于谷子/花生间作与单作在不同施氮水平下的产量性状和氮素利用效率差异的研究较少。本研究旨在确定谷子/花生间作的产量优势、经济效益以及适宜的氮肥用量。采用三种种植模式（单作谷子、单作花生和谷子/花生间作）和四种施氮量（0、75、150和225 kg ha-1）进行了为期两年的大田试验。结果表明，间作系统的土地当量比（LER）和净效应（NE）在施氮量为150 kg ha-1时达到两年来的最高值（LER两年平均为1.04，NE分别为0.347 Mg ha-1）。谷子是间作系统中的优势作物（谷子与花生的种间相对竞争能力（Amp）>0，竞争比率（CRmp）>1），单作在施氮量为225 kg ha-1，间作为150 kg ha-1时谷子产量最高。不同种植模式的氮利用效率（NUE）两年均在施氮量为150 kg ha-1时达到最高。间作结合施氮150 kg ha-1时净收益最高，两年平均为2791 $ ha-1，效益成本比为1.56。因此，从经济和农业可持续发展的角度来看，150 kg N ha-1施氮量的谷子/花生间作似乎是替代谷子或花生单作的一个有推广价值的选择。
Abstract
Cereal and legume intercropping has been widely adopted to increase crop productivity in sustainable farming systems worldwide. Among different intercropping combinations, millet and peanut intercropping can be adapted to most water-limited areas. However, there are few studies on the differences in yield characteristics and nitrogen use efficiency between millet/peanut intercropping and monocultures under different nitrogen (N) application rates. The objective of this study was to determine the yield advantages and economic benefits, as well as the appropriate N application rate, of millet/peanut intercropping. A two-year field experiment was conducted with three cropping patterns (monoculture millet, monoculture peanut and millet/peanut intercropping) and four N rates (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg ha−1). The results showed that the land equivalent ratio (LER) and net effect (NE) of the intercropping system reached their highest levels at the N input of 150 kg ha−1 in 2018 and 2019 (1.04 for LER, 0.347 Mg ha−1 for NE, averaged across two years). Millet was the dominant crop in the intercropping system (aggressivity of millet and peanut (Amp)>0, competitive ratio of millet and peanut (CRmp)>1), and millet yields achieved their highest values at N inputs of 225 kg ha−1 for monoculture and 150 kg ha−1 for intercropping. NUE reached its highest levels with N inputs of 150 kg ha−1 for all planting patterns over the two years. Intercropping combined with an N input of 150 kg ha−1 achieved the highest net income of 2 791 USD ha−1, with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.56, averaged over the two years. From the perspective of economics and agricultural sustainable development, millet/peanut intercropping at 150 kg N ha−1 seems to be a promising alternative to millet or peanut monoculture.
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Received: 08 November 2021
Accepted: 24 January 2022
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| Fund:
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFD1000905) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (ZR2020MC094).
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| About author: LIU Zhu, E-mail: liuzhuzhuer@163.com; #Correspondence ZHANG Zheng, Tel: +86-531-66657802, E-mail: kyczhang@sina.com; MENG Wei-wei, Tel: +86-531-66659645, E-mail: wdlmww@163.com |
Cite this article:
LIU Zhu, NAN Zhen-wu, LIN Song-ming, YU Hai-qiu, XIE Li-yong, MENG Wei-wei, ZHANG Zheng, WAN Shu-bo.
2023.
Millet/peanut intercropping at a moderate N rate increases crop productivity and N use efficiency, as well as economic benefits, under rain-fed conditions. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 22(3): 738-751.
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