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Journal of Integrative Agriculture
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Optimized nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application increases stem lodging resistance and grain yield of oil flax by enhancing lignin biosynthesis
Xiqiang Li1, 2*, Yuhong Gao2, 3, Zhengjun Cui4, Tingfeng Zhang5, Shiyuan Chen1, 2, Shilei Xiang1, 2, Lingling Jia1, 2, Bin Yan2, 3, Yifan Wang2, 3, Lizhuo Guo2, 3, Bing Wu1, 2#  
1 College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China
3 College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
4 College of Agronomy, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
5 College of Life Science and Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, China

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摘要  

倒伏制约中国北方胡麻增产增效的重要因素之一。作物倒伏与否和茎秆中木质素含量密切相关,而氮肥与钾肥互作如何调控胡麻茎秆木质素生物合成有待进一步深入研究。 因此,本研究旨在增强胡麻的抗倒伏特性,从而促进胡麻产量的提高。本试验于20222023年两个生长季,分析了不同氮肥(75150225 kg N ha-1和不同钾肥(60 90 kg K2O ha-1配施处理对胡麻木质素代谢、抗倒伏性和籽粒产量的影响结果表明,氮肥和钾肥及其互作处理均有利于木质素合成积累,提高茎秆抗倒伏特性,促进胡麻增产。与CK相比,75 kg N ha-1-150 kg N ha‐1配施60 kg K2O ha-1处理显著提高了木质素生物合成酶活性(TALPALPODCAD)和相关基因(4CL1F5H3)表达量,木质素含量显著增加29.63-43.30%,进而显著提高了茎秆抗折力和抗倒伏指数,籽粒产量增加了23.27-32.34%。相关性分析表明,氮肥和钾肥正向调控木质素相关酶活性和相关基因表达量,促进了木质素合成积累提高了茎秆抗折力和抗倒伏指数;木质素相关酶活性和相关基因表达量、抗倒伏特性和籽粒产量间均呈正相关关系。综上所述,75 kg N ha-1-150 kg N ha‐1配施60 kg K2O ha-1处理促进了木质素合成积累,提高陇中旱作农业区胡麻的抗倒伏能力和籽粒产量,为旱作农业区胡麻抗逆高产栽培模式提供了技术参考。



Abstract  

The lodging issue is a significant factor that hinders the enhancement of oil flax production efficiency in northern China.  Crop lodging or not, and lignin content in the stems are closely related, and how nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilization interaction regulate lignin biosynthesis in the stems of oil flax requires further in-depth study.  Therefore, the research aims to enhance the lodging resistance and facilitate an increased yield of oil flax.  We are examined the interaction of different nitrogen fertilizers (75, 150, and 225 kg N ha-1) and potassium fertilizers (60 and 90 kg K2O ha-1) on oil flax lignin metabolism, lodging resistance, and grain yield in 2022 and 2023 growing seasons.  The results indicated that nitrogen and potassium fertilizer levels and their interaction treatments are facilitated lignin accumulation, achievement of lodging resistance and high yield.  Compared to CK, the 75-150 kg N ha-1 in combination with 60 kg K2O ha-1 treatments significantly enhanced the enzyme activities (TAL, PAL, POD, and CAD) and the gene expressions (4CL1 and F5H3) for lignin syntheses, lignin content dramatically increased 29.63-43.30%, improved stem bending strength and lodging resistance index, and grain yield increased 23.27-32.34%.  Correlation analysis indicated that nitrogen and potassium fertilizer positively regulated the relative enzyme activities and genes expression for lignin to facilitated lignin biosynthesis and accumulation, and enhanced stem bending strength and lodging resistance index.  Positive correlations were found among the relative enzyme activities and gene expressions for lignin, lodging resistance and grain yield.  To summarize, 75-150 kg N ha-1 in conjunction with 60 kg K2O ha-1 treatment was promoted to lignin biosynthesis and accumulation, enhanced the lodging resistance and grain yield of oil flax in the dryland farming region of central Gansu.  Furthermore, it served as a technical guide for cultivating stress tolerance and high-yield oil flax in the dryland farming region.

Keywords:  oil flax       nitrogen fertilizer        potassium fertilizer        stem lodging resistance        lignin biosynthesis        yield  
Received: 21 March 2024   Online: 14 September 2024  
Fund: 

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31760363 and 32260551), the Gansu Education Science and Technology Innovation Industry Support Program, China (2021CYZC-38), the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-14-1-16), the Technology Innovation Initiative-Technology Mission Group Project, China (23CXNA0035), and the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program, China (22JR5RA881).

About author:  Xiqiang Li, E-mail:1929769260@qq.com; #Correspondence Bing Wu, E-mail: wub@gsau.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

Xiqiang Li, Yuhong Gao, Zhengjun Cui, Tingfeng Zhang, Shiyuan Chen, Shilei Xiang, Lingling Jia, Bin Yan, Yifan Wang, Lizhuo Guo, Bing Wu. 2024. Optimized nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application increases stem lodging resistance and grain yield of oil flax by enhancing lignin biosynthesis. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.09.006

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