Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (13): 2828-2840.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.13.006

• PLANT PROTECTION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Role of Iron in Enhancing Rice Blast Resistance Induced by Endophytic Streptomyces hyaluromycini OsiPR-1

ZHAO XingYu1(), GAO Yan1,2(), TANG XinKe1,2(), FENG YinChen1, CHEN SiYing1,2, GU TianYu1,2, PENG JiaShi1,2   

  1. 1 School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan
    2 Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization/Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Safe Utilization of Heavy Metal-Polluted Soils, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan
  • Received:2026-03-05 Accepted:2026-04-21 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-01
  • Contact: GAO Yan, TANG XinKe

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Abstract:

【Objective】 Iron (Fe) is widely involved in critical life processes such as plant growth, development, and immune responses. Endophytes colonizing plant tissues have evolved efficient mechanisms for Fe uptake and homeostasis regulation, thereby positively influencing host disease resistance. This study aims to explore rice endophytic resources and investigate the impact of Fe nutrition on their ability to induce host resistance, and to provide a theoretical basis for green management of plant diseases.【Method】Endophytic bacteria were isolated from rice leaves using surface disinfection combined with the streak plate method. Target strains with antagonistic activity against Magnaporthe oryzae were screened using the dual culture method. The selected strain was identified through morphological observation and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA and multi-gene sequences. Its siderophore-producing ability was analyzed using CAS assay medium and by amplifying genes related to siderophore biosynthesis. Three culture conditions (normal Fe, Fe-deficient, and high Fe) were established to assess the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, Fe accumulation, and expression levels of Fe metabolism-related genes in rice leaves after spraying with the target strain. The efficacy of the endophyte in inducing rice resistance to rice blast under different Fe regimes was evaluated.【Result】An endophytic actinomycete strain, OsiPR-1, with stable antagonistic activity against M. oryzae, was isolated from rice and identified as Streptomyces hyaluromycini. This strain exhibited a strong ability to produce siderophores, with peak production (60.2%) observed on the 6th day under Fe-deficient conditions, and three siderophore biosynthesis gene clusters were detected in its genome. Reinoculation tests showed that the strain’s colonization and its induction of blast resistance were closely related to environmental Fe levels. Under normal Fe conditions, OsiPR-1 induced early accumulation of Fe and ROS in rice stomata to trigger immune responses, and subsequently regulated Fe homeostasis restoration via secreted siderophores to establish a stable symbiotic relationship, significantly reducing rice blast lesion length by 74.8%. Under high Fe conditions, Fe and ROS accumulation induced by OsiPR-1 appeared transiently in leaf veins only at 4 h post-treatment and then rapidly disappeared. Although the strain proliferated substantially, the symbiotic relationship was unstable, resulting in a lesion length reduction of only 64.5%. Under Fe-deficient conditions, Fe and ROS accumulation in stomata was weak. However, genes involved in Fe transport (OsIRT1), Fe homeostasis (OsFRO2), and lipoxygenase catalysis (OsLOX2) were significantly up-regulated (7.7-10.3 folds). The drastic fluctuation in Fe homeostasis and the subsequent intense immune response inhibited endophyte colonization, hindering the establishment of symbiosis and leading to a sharp decline in disease control efficacy.【Conclusion】Normal Fe supply is a critical prerequisite for S. hyaluromycini OsiPR-1 to enhance rice resistance against blast through a siderophore-mediated immune induction mechanism. This study provides an important theoretical foundation for developing efficient biocontrol agents against rice blast based on precise regulation of Fe nutrition and offers new insights into the role of Fe nutrition in plant-endophyte interactions.

Key words: rice, rice blast, Magnaporthe oryzae, endophyte, iron, siderophore, biological control

Table 1

Detection primers for gene expression in rice and related strains"

引物名称
Primer name		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5′-3′)		 引物名称
Primer name		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5′-3′)
OsUbq-F TTCTGGTCCTTCCACTTTCAG rpoB-F GCTGATCCAGAACCAGGTCC
OsUbq-R ACGATTGATTTAACCAGTCCATGA rpoB-R CGGGTTGTTCTGGTCCATGA
OsIRT1-F GCAATTCGCTGCATTGTTAG Gene of siderophore 1-F GCTACTACTTCCGCGAGTCC
OsIRT1-R GAAGTACATCATCAGTCACGAA Gene of siderophore 1-R CCGAGGTAGTAGGCGAAACG
OsFRO2-F GATCCATGTCAAGCCTGTCGA Gene of siderophore 2-F TCGAACCCCATCTGCAGAAC
OsFRO2-R AGGGACGAGATCGTCTCGTACA Gene of siderophore 2-R GGTTGACCAGGAGGCAGTAC
OsLOX2-F AGATGAGGCGCGTGATGAC Gene of siderophore 3-F CATCCCTTCCACCCCAACTG
OsLOX2-R CATGGAAGTCGAGCATGAACA Gene of siderophore 3-R GGATGCACCGGGATCAACA

Fig. 1

Screening and identification of OsiPR-1"

Fig. 2

Analysis of siderophore production capacity of OsiPR-1"

Fig. 3

OsiPR-1 induced reactive oxygen species burst and iron accumulation in rice under different iron supply conditions"

Fig. 4

Expression of iron- and immune-related genes induced by OsiPR-1 under different iron supply conditions"

Fig. 5

Expression of key synthetic genes in siderophore under different iron supply conditions"

Fig. 6

Colonization of OsiPR-1 and resistance to rice blast under different iron supply conditions"

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