Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (23): 4746-4760.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.23.013

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Supply and Demand Balance Analysis of Livestock and Poultry Manure Equivalent Substitution of Chemical Fertilizer in Henan Province

GAO HuiShan(), LI GenMing, ZHANG JinCai, JI GuangXing, LI QingSong()   

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University/Henan Agricultural Resources Optimization Engineering and Technology Research Center/Henan Engineering Research Center of Land Consolidation and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou 450046
  • Received:2023-12-05 Accepted:2024-06-28 Online:2024-12-01 Published:2024-12-07

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to determine the reasonable and appropriate amount and proportion of regional livestock and poultry manure nutrient resources to replace chemical fertilizer. The findings would provide valuable insights for mitigating pollution caused by livestock and poultry breeding, promoting efficient and rational use of organic fertilizers derived from livestock and poultry, enhancing fertilizer efficiency, and facilitating agricultural safety production. 【Method】 Following the concept of substituting chemical fertilizer nitrogen (N) with an equivalent amount of livestock and poultry manure organic nitrogen (N), this study conducted a comparative analysis of the total nutrient content of livestock and poultry manure as well as the purification amount of chemical fertilizers applied crops in Henan Province in 2020. It explored the variations in the fertilizer replacement ability of livestock and poultry manure in different cities. 【Result】 (1) In 2020, the yield of livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province was 1.21×108 t, in which the organic nitrogen (N) and organic phosphorus (P2O5) nutrient content were 53.16×104 t and 24.57×104 t, respectively, accounting for 29.2% and 28.7% of the total consumption amount of N and P2O5 in Henan Province. (2) The actual N application amount on different crop types was as follows: grain crops (109.03×104 t)>vegetables (34.14×104 t)>oil crops (15.04×104 t)>fruit trees (14.77×104 t)>tea trees (2.72×104 t)>cotton (0.19×104 t), among which grain crops and vegetables took a dominated demand of the consumption, accounting for 81.4% of the total N consumption on crops in Henan Province. The actual N application amount in the 8 cities of Zhoukou, Nanyang, Xinyang, Xinxiang, Zhumadian, Shangqiu, Anyang, and Kaifeng was more than 105 t separately, accounting for 74.2% of the total application amount in Henan Province. (3) The organic nitrogen (N) and organic phosphorus (P2O5) of livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province were generally in a state of supply and demand balance. For N nutrient supply, it was less than demand only in Xinyang; whereas the supply exceeded demands in the 10 cities of Kaifeng, Luoyang, Hebi, Puyang, Xuchang, Luohe, Sanmenxia, Shangqiu Zhumadian and Jiyuan; and it was in the balance state in all other cities in Henan. Regarding P2O5 nutrient supply from livestock and poultry manure, it was less than demand only in Zhengzhou, and the supply exceeded demands in the 6 cities of Hebi, Puyang, Xuchang, Luohe, Sanmenxia and Zhumadian; it achieved a balance between supply and demand in all other cities in Henan. 【Conclusion】 The livestock and poultry manure production was abundant in Henan Province. The organic nitrogen (N) and organic phosphorus (P2O5) of livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province were generally in a state of supply and demand balance, and all livestock and poultry manure could be returned to the field as fertilizers, however, there was an imbalance between regional supply and demand spatially. The fertilizer requirement of different crops varies greatly, and the breeding industry should be reasonably distributed according to the scale and structure of crop cultivation, so as to achieve a balance between supply and demand of livestock and poultry manure as a substitute for chemical fertilizer, and to realize the ecological agricultural cycle mode of combining planting and breeding.

Key words: livestock and poultry manure, iso equivalent, organic fertilizer, substitution of chemical fertilizer, supply and demand balance, Henan Province

Table 1

Daily excretion coefficients for various types of livestock and poultry manure"

排泄量系数 Excretion (kg·d-1) 猪Pig 牛Cattle 羊Sheep 家禽Poultry
粪Excrement 2.00 20.00 2.60 0.125
尿Urine 3.30 10.00

Table 2

Nutrient content of livestock and poultry manure"

养分Nutrient content (g·d-1) 猪Pig 牛Cattle 羊Sheep 家禽Poultry
N 29.00 72.74 2.15 1.27
P2O5 11.93 31.35 1.05 0.68

Table 3

Thresholds for organic N synergistic substitution reduction of fertilizer N rates for different crops"

作物类型
Crop type
取值范围
Range of values (%)
数据来源
Data source
推荐值
Recommended value (%)
粮食作物
Grain crops
20 申长卫等[22]、季佳鹏等[23]、石鑫蕊等[24]、朱文博等[25]、刘明月等[26]
SHAN C W, et al[22], JI J P, et al [23], SHI X R, et al [24], ZHU W B, et al [25], LIU M Y, et al [26]
15-30
18-24 鲁伟丹等[27] LU W D, et al[27]
25 马献发等[28]、杨胜玲等[29] MA X F, et al[28], YANG S L, et al[29]
15-30 李永华等[30]、刘学彤等[31] LI Y H, et al[30], LIU X T, et al[31]
30 赵吉霞等[32]、熊波等[33] ZHAO J X, et al[32], XIONG B, et al[33]
油料作物
Oil crops
25 李娟等[34] LI J, et al[34] 25-60
30 万辰等[35] WAN C, et al[35]
40 张敏等[36] ZHANG M, et al[36]
50 任廷虎等[37] REN T H, et al[37]
60 傅伟等[38] FU W, et al[38]
棉花
Cotton
20 and 40 牛新湘等[39] NIU X X, et al[39] 20-50
40 孙桂兰等[40] SUN G L, et al[40]
50 汪苏洁等[41] WANG S J, et al[41]
果树
Fruit trees
30 李苹等[42]、裴宇等[43] LI P, et al[42], PEI Y, et al[43] 30-50
50 张志林等[44]、杨莉莉等[45]、孙海高等[46]
ZHANG Z L, et al[44], YANG L L, et al[45], SUN H G, et al[46]
蔬菜
Vegetables
20 杨岩等[47]、李晓亮等[48]、汤桂容等[49]
YANG Y, et al[47], LI X L, et al[48], TANG G R, et al[49]
20-30
25 武星魁等[50] WU X K, et al[50]
30 耿川雄等[51]、郑福丽等[52]、何万春等[53]
GENG C X, et al[51], ZHENG F L, et al[52], HE W C, et al[53]
茶树
Tea trees
50 or 70 常珺枫等[54] CHANG J F, et al[54] 50-100
70 李陈等[55]、郭龙等[56] LI C, et al[55], GUO L, et al[56]
70 or 100 周晓天等[57] ZHOU X T, et al[57]

Table 4

Total livestock and poultry manure production in Henan Province in 2020 (×104 t)"

地区Region 牛Cattle 猪Pig 羊Sheep 家禽Poultry 合计Total
郑州Zhengzhou 53.22 75.79 28.77 33.45 191.24
开封Kaifeng 376.13 267.08 177.98 110.36 931.56
洛阳Luoyang 322.92 126.24 76.17 67.91 593.23
平顶山Pingdingshan 206.85 222.05 125.48 58.12 612.49
安阳Anyang 54.09 151.09 54.13 97.07 356.38
鹤壁Hebi 22.45 90.75 32.36 64.34 209.89
新乡Xinxiang 194.80 246.76 63.85 102.50 607.91
焦作Jiaozuo 78.40 87.77 30.42 39.55 236.14
濮阳Puyang 50.70 100.13 63.51 209.06 423.40
许昌Xuchang 106.32 227.56 59.76 51.11 444.75
漯河Luohe 33.40 182.09 21.32 80.60 317.41
三门峡Sanmenxia 195.90 83.14 39.40 19.67 338.11
南阳Nanyang 890.89 516.32 269.32 149.95 1826.48
商丘Shangqiu 408.54 285.09 276.77 238.79 1209.19
信阳Xinyang 157.24 248.10 75.28 157.24 637.87
周口Zhoukou 315.25 520.38 281.01 224.93 1341.56
驻马店Zhumadian 790.37 639.74 177.61 138.11 1745.84
济源Jiyuan 31.54 29.53 11.75 6.20 79.01
河南省Henan Province 4289.01 4099.6 1864.9 1848.96 12102.46

Table 5

Total nutrient content of livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province in 2020 (×104 t)"

地区Region N P2O5 合计Total
郑州Zhengzhou 0.91 0.42 1.33
开封Kaifeng 3.64 1.67 5.31
洛阳Luoyang 2.23 1.02 3.25
平顶山Pingdingshan 2.41 1.08 3.49
安阳Anyang 1.99 0.95 2.94
鹤壁Hebi 1.23 0.59 1.82
新乡Xinxiang 2.92 1.35 4.27
焦作Jiaozuo 1.10 0.51 1.61
濮阳Puyang 2.85 1.45 4.30
许昌Xuchang 2.07 0.93 3.00
漯河Luohe 1.91 0.89 2.80
三门峡Sanmenxia 1.16 0.51 1.67
南阳Nanyang 6.73 3.02 9.75
商丘Shangqiu 5.21 2.49 7.70
信阳Xinyang 3.40 1.61 5.01
周口Zhoukou 6.13 2.85 8.98
驻马店Zhumadian 6.97 3.09 10.06
济源Jiyuan 0.31 0.14 0.45
河南省Henan Province 53.16 24.57 77.73

Table 6

Actual N nutrient application to crops and theoretical N use in livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province (×104 t)"

地区
Region
实际N施用量Actual N application amount 畜禽粪便N理论需求量
Theoretical demand for livestock and poultry manure N
粮食
Grain copes
油料
Oil crops
棉花
Cotton
果树
Fruit trees
蔬菜
Vegetables
茶树
Tea trees
合计
Total
郑州Zhengzhou 2.56 0.31 0.01 0.60 1.01 4.47 0.84-1.55
开封Kaifeng 5.01 1.19 0.05 0.61 3.24 10.09 1.89-3.52
洛阳Luoyang 3.51 0.31 0.02 1.27 1.05 6.15 1.20-2.20
平顶山Pingdingshan 6.02 0.61 0.01 0.83 1.32 8.78 1.57-2.98
安阳Anyang 6.97 0.72 0.02 0.9 2.18 10.79 1.94-3.64
鹤壁Hebi 1.72 0.16 0.11 0.22 2.21 0.38-0.73
新乡Xinxiang 10.42 1.30 0.01 1.90 1.83 15.46 2.83-5.41
焦作Jiaozuo 3.22 0.32 0.26 0.75 4.56 0.79-1.52
濮阳Puyang 6.10 0.38 0.01 0.50 1.61 8.60 1.48-2.80
许昌Xuchang 3.74 0.21 0.01 0.16 0.76 4.88 0.81-1.56
漯河Luohe 1.86 0.15 0.09 0.94 3.04 0.53-0.97
三门峡Sanmenxia 0.63 0.04 1.05 0.28 2.01 0.48-0.82
南阳Nanyang 11.15 3.27 0.01 2.65 4.18 0.11 21.36 4.18-8.00
商丘Shangqiu 7.88 0.67 0.01 1.38 3.15 13.09 2.39-4.40
信阳Xinyang 11.89 1.56 0.01 0.9 3.41 2.57 20.34 4.41-8.55
周口Zhoukou 16.68 1.28 0.03 0.95 6.44 25.37 4.40-8.19
驻马店Zhumadian 9.16 2.57 0.52 1.63 0.04 13.94 2.52-5.09
济源Jiyuan 0.53 0.01 0.09 0.12 0.76 0.13-0.25
河南省Henan Province 109.03 15.04 0.19 14.77 34.14 2.72 175.89 32.77-62.17

Table 7

Actual P2O5 nutrient application to crops and theoretical P2O5 use in livestock and poultry manure in Henan Province (×104 t)"

地区
Region
实际P2O5肥施用量 Actual P2O5 application amount 畜禽粪便P2O5理论需求量
Theoretical demand for livestock and poultry manure P2O5
粮食
Grain crops
油料
Oil crops
棉花
Cotton
果树
Fruit trees
蔬菜
Vegetables
茶树
Tea trees
合计
Total
郑州Zhengzhou 1.32 0.14 0.41 0.49 2.37 0.46-0.84
开封Kaifeng 2.60 0.56 0.03 0.43 1.63 5.26 0.99-1.84
洛阳Luoyang 1.59 0.13 0.01 0.77 0.45 2.96 0.60-1.08
平顶山Pingdingshan 2.17 0.20 0.40 0.45 3.22 0.59-1.11
安阳Anyang 2.40 0.22 0.01 0.41 0.71 3.75 0.68-1.27
鹤壁Hebi 0.74 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.95 0.16-0.32
新乡Xinxiang 3.78 0.43 0.01 0.93 0.64 5.78 1.08-2.05
焦作Jiaozuo 1.42 0.13 0.15 0.32 2.02 0.36-0.68
濮阳Puyang 2.37 0.14 0.27 0.61 3.40 0.59-1.12
许昌Xuchang 1.73 0.10 0.10 0.34 2.27 0.38-0.73
漯河Luohe 0.65 0.05 0.04 0.32 1.06 0.19-0.34
三门峡Sanmenxia 0.24 0.02 0.53 0.10 0.89 0.22-0.38
南阳Nanyang 6.04 1.64 1.96 2.21 0.03 11.88 2.36-4.47
商丘Shangqiu 5.07 0.40 0.01 1.19 1.94 8.61 1.61-2.94
信阳Xinyang 4.28 0.71 0.01 0.59 1.59 0.56 7.73 1.60-3.04
周口Zhoukou 8.08 0.58 0.01 0.62 2.99 12.28 2.14-3.98
驻马店Zhumadian 5.11 1.32 0.40 0.89 0.01 7.74 1.40-2.81
济源Jiyuan 0.33 0.01 0.07 0.07 0.48 0.09-0.16
河南省Henan province 49.90 6.84 0.11 9.34 15.87 0.60 82.66 15.49-29.16

Fig. 1

Supply and demand balance of N nutrient from livestock and poultry manure 1: Zhengzhou; 2: Kaifeng; 3: Luoyang; 4: Pingdingshan; 5: Anyang; 6: Hebi; 7: Xinxiang; 8: Jiaozuo; 9: Puyang; 10: Xuchang; 11: Luohe; 12: Sanmenxia; 13: Nanyang; 14: Shangqiu; 15: Xinyang; 16: Zhoukou; 17: Zhumadian; 18: Jiyuan. The same as below"

Fig. 2

Supply and demand balance of P2O5 nutrient from livestock and poultry manure"

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