Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (15): 3018-3028.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.15.012

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Evaluation of Brown Rot Resistance in Peach Based on Genetic Resources Conserved in National Germplasm Repository of Peach in Nanjing

SHEN ZhiJun1(),TIAN Yu2,CAI ZhiXiang(),XU ZiYuan1,YAN Juan1,SUN Meng1,MA RuiJuan1,YU MingLiang1   

  1. 1Fruit Tree Research Institute of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014
    2Nanjing Liuhe Secondary Vocational School, Nanjing 211500
    3College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu
  • Received:2021-11-13 Accepted:2022-01-21 Online:2022-08-01 Published:2022-08-02
  • Contact: ZhiXiang CAI E-mail:shenjaas@aliyun.com;mly1008@aliyun.com

Abstract:

【Objective】 The brown rot is one of the most serious diseases in peach throughout the world and usually causes huge economic losses during the peach harvest and storage stages. The systematic evaluation on brown rot resistance of peach germplasm resources and screening of resistant resources were performed for developing new peach cultivars with high resistance to brown rot, and finally solving the problem in peach cultivation.【Method】 The commercially matured peaches with 8.0-8.5 maturity degree from National Germplasm Repository of Peach in Nanjing were inoculated by Monilinia spore during 2018-2021. Altogether, 616 accessions were evaluated by uninjured inoculation, and 505 accessions by injured inoculation. The percentage growth of infected fruits per day (PGIF, %) and lesion diameter growth rate (LDGR, cm∙d-1) were used to evaluate brown rot resistance, and then a nine-grade evaluation method was established based on the average value of PGIF and LDGR with 0.5 standard deviation, respectively. The brown rot resistance was compared among different germplasm types, fruit types and origins, and the correlation between brown rot resistance and other characteristics were also investigated. 【Result】 PGIF was (11.22±5.96)% with the CV value of 35.48 for the samples with uninjured inoculation. Based on the nine-grade resistance evaluation method by PGIF, the accession with Grade 1 (PGIF<0.80%) was not available, ten accessions with Grade 2 (0.80%-3.78%), 134 accessions with Grade 3 (3.78%-6.76%), 157 accessions with Grade 4 (6.76%-9.73%), 122 accessions with Grade 5 (9.73%-12.71%), 73 accessions with Grade 6 (12.71%-15.68%), 60 accessions with Grade 7 (15.68%-18.66%), 21 accessions with Grade 8 (18.66%-21.64%), and 39 accessions with Grade 9 (>21.64%). LDGR was (1.71±0.21) cm∙d-1 with the CV value of 0.18, and there were 11 accessions with Grade1 (LDGR<0.98 cm∙d-1), 28 accessions with Grade 2 (0.98-1.19 cm∙d-1), 72 accessions with Grade 3 (1.19-1.40 cm∙d-1), 109 accessions with Grade 4 (1.40-1.61 cm∙d-1), 103 accessions with Grade 5 (1.61-1.83 cm∙d-1), 82 accessions with Grade 6 (1.83-2.04 cm∙d-1), 45 accessions with Grade 7 (2.04-2.25 cm∙d-1), 29 accessions with Grade 8 (2.25-2.46 cm∙d-1), and 26 accessions with Grade 9 (>2.46 cm∙d-1) according to the nine-grade resistance evaluation method by LDGR. The linear regression of PGIF (y) to LDGR (x) was y=6.2073x, with a low R2 value of 0.1839. The comparison of brown rot resistance among different groups showed that the wild peach resources originated from China had more resistance to brown rot relative to those from other areas, and the wild resources would be very valuable for peach brown rot resistance breeding in the near future. PGIF and LDGR were significantly negatively correlated with both fruit firmness with exocarp (-0.234) and without exocarp (-0.240), and significantly positively with fruit size (0.427) and degree of coloring (0.319), but the correlation coefficient was relatively low. 【Conclusion】 A nine-grade evaluation system for peach brown rot resistance was established based on percentage growth of infected fruits per day (%) and lesion diameter growth rate (cm∙d-1), respectively. In addition, 10 peach germplasm resources with high resistance to infestation by peach brown rot and 11 with high anti-expansion capacity against peach brown rot were screened in this study.

Key words: peach, germplasm resources, brown rot, evaluation system, resistant germplasm

Table 1

Accession numbers evaluated for resistance to brown rot from 2018 to 2021"

接种方式 Inoculation type 2018 2019 2020 2021 合计 Total
无损接种Inoculation without injury 119 288 333 282 616
有损接种Inoculation with injury 115 183 277 233 505

Fig. 1

Interval distribution of percentage growth of infected fruits per day (PGIF) based on 616 accessions"

Fig. 2

Interval distribution of lesion diameter growth rate (LDGR) based on 505 accessions"

Fig. 3

Scatter plot and linear regression of PGIF inoculated without injury (%) and LDGR inoculated with injury (cm∙d-1)"

Fig. 4

Comparison of brown rot resistance among different types of peach germplasm Subgraphs from A to C were classified by germplasm type, origination, fruit type, respectively. Subgraphs 1 and 2 were percentage growth of infected fruits per day (PGIF, %) and lesion diameter growth rate (LDGR, cm∙d-1), respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05)"

Table 2

Correlations of Lesion diameter growth rate and Infected fruits growth rate with other quantitative traits"

评价指标
Evaluation item
统计参数
Statistical parameters
带皮硬度
Firmness with exocarp
去皮硬度
Firmness without exocarp
单果重
Fruit weight
着色程度
Degree of
coloration
病斑扩展速率
Lesion diameter growth rate
病斑扩展速率 LDGR 相关系数r -0.234** -0.240** 0.427** 0.319** 1
样本数 n 505 505 505 505 505
病果率每天增加百分比PGIF 相关系数r -0.188** -0.140** 0.271** 0.244** 0.431**
样本数 n 616 616 616 616 505
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