甘蓝型油菜苗期氮高效吸收转运特征研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.06.010

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Nitrogen (N) uptake efficiency is one of the important factors affecting crop N efficiency, investigating characteristics of efficient N uptake and transport was the purpose to provide the theoretical basis for improving N efficiency and yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties.【Method】To explore the mechanisms underlying high N uptake and transport in rapeseed, two rapeseed germplasms with contrasting N efficiency (N efficient germplasm ‘498’ and N inefficient germplasm ‘428’) were used in this study under normal N (9.5 mmol·L^-1) and low N (0.475 mmol·L^-1) conditions at three different growth stages (Phenological growth stages 12, 14 and 16) in hydroponic culture. At the same time, the ¹⁵N isotope tracer technique was applied to study the uptake and transport capacity of NO₃^- and NH₄⁺. Additionally, the expression level of genes (BnNPFs, BnNRT2s and BnAMTs）related to N uptake and transport in rapeseed germplasms with contrasting N efficiency were further analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).【Result】Rapeseed germplasm ‘498’ showed superior advantages in plant growth and root development under different N concentrations, and the root morphological indexes (main root length, total root length, root surface area, root volume and lateral root number), biomass, N accumulation and N uptake efficiency were all significantly greater than those of germplasm ‘428’.¹⁵N isotope tracer test also showed that ‘498’ showed greater advantage in the uptake and accumulation of NO₃ ^- and NH₄⁺, especially for NH₄⁺, as indicated by the significant differences in the accumulation of ¹⁵NH₄⁺ between two germplasms. The RT-qPCR analysis further found that under normal N conditions, the relative expressions of BnNPF6.3a, BnNRT2.1e, BnNPF7.2a, BnNPF7.2c, BnNPF6.2c, BnAMT1;2a, BnAMT1;3c, BnAMT1;4a, BnAMT2;1a and BnAMT2;1b (involved in the uptake and transport of NO₃ ^- and NH₄⁺) was significantly higher in ‘498’ than that in ‘428’. While under low N stress, the relative expressions of BnNRT2.4a, BnNRT2.5a and BnNRT2.5b (involved in NO₃ ^-uptake and transport) was significantly lower in the root of ‘498’ than that of ‘428’, but the expression level of BnNPF7.3a and BnNPF6.2c (referred to NO₃ ^- transport and redistribution) was significantly higher in ‘498’ than that in ‘428’, as well as the expression level of BnAMT1;1a, BnAMT1;2a, BnAMT1;3c, BnAMT1;4a, BnAMT2;1a and BnAMT2;1b (involved in NH₄ ⁺ uptake and transport).【Conclusion】Compared with N-inefficient germplasm ‘428’, N-efficient germplasm ‘498’ were superior in root length, root surface area (volume) and lateral root number, additionally with greater ability in N (especially NH₄ ⁺) uptake and accumulation. Under normal N application conditions, the expression of genes involved in NO₃^- and NH₄⁺ absorption and transport were relatively higher in ‘498’, while the relative expression of genes involved in the NO₃ ^- transport and redistribution as well as NH₄⁺ absorption and transport were significantly higher in ‘498’ than that in ‘428’ under low N stress, illustrating the relative higher N uptake efficiency of ‘498’ possibly linked to the higher expressions of several BnNPFs sand BnAMTs.

Key words: rapeseed, high nitrogen efficiency, root morphology, uptake and transport, nitrogen transporter genes

CHAO ChengSheng,WANG YuQian,SHEN XinJie,DAI Jing,GU ChiMing,LI YinShui,XIE LiHua,HU XiaoJia,QIN Lu,LIAO Xing. Characteristics of Efficient Nitrogen Uptake and Transport of Rapeseed at Seedling Stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(6): 1172-1188.

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物候生长期 Phenological growth stages	处理 Treatment	种质 Germplasm	氮浓度 N concentration (%)		氮累积量 N accumulation (mg/plant)			氮转运效率 NTE (%)	氮吸收效率 NAE (%)	氮利用效率 NutE (%)
物候生长期 Phenological growth stages	处理 Treatment	种质 Germplasm	Shoot	Root	Shoot	Root	Total	氮转运效率 NTE (%)	氮吸收效率 NAE (%)	氮利用效率 NutE (%)
12	CK	498	5.55a	4.74a	1.26ab	0.24b	1.50ab	84.03c	3.00c	18.5c
	CK	428	5.63a	4.65a	1.39a	0.18b	1.57ab	88.51a	3.15c	18.2d
	LN	498	5.05b	4.40b	1.35ab	0.33a	1.68a	80.34d	67.45a	20.38b
	LN	428	4.93b	4.02c	1.12b	0.18b	1.30b	86.38b	51.96b	20.91a
14	CK	498	5.47a	4.90a	16.39a	2.35a	18.74a	87.39a	7.83c	18.55d
	CK	428	5.05b	5.05a	13.33b	2.15a	15.48a	86.04a	6.47c	19.80c
	LN	498	3.45c	3.44b	7.81c	1.89ab	9.70b	80.55b	81.05a	28.96b
	LN	428	3.16d	3.44b	6.25c	1.46b	7.70b	81.03b	64.36b	31.11a
16	CK	498	5.06b	4.65a	52.48a	9.10a	61.58a	85.16a	14.88c	20.02c
	CK	428	5.34a	4.81a	40.61b	6.79b	47.41b	85.64a	11.46d	19.03d
	LN	498	2.87c	2.22b	11.32c	4.60c	15.92c	71.02b	76.97a	37.78b
	LN	428	2.74c	2.26b	8.71d	3.22d	11.94d	72.93b	57.69b	38.56a

Characteristics of Efficient Nitrogen Uptake and Transport of Rapeseed at Seedling Stage

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