连续施用生物炭对花生不同生育时期叶绿素荧光特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.21.006

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】By measuring the photosynthetic performance indexes of functional leaves of peanut at different growth stages, the effects of different amounts of biochar on electron transport, light energy absorption and redox properties of peanut leaves photosome II were studied for 9 years in a row. Meanwhile, the change trend of leaf oxygen evolution complex (OEC) damage degree was observed to provide the theoretical support for guiding peanut fertilization. 【Method】 A field experiment was conducted in 2011 with three treatments: CK (no fertilization), C15 (biochar 225 kg·hm^-2), and C50 ( biochar 750 kg·hm^-2). In 2019, the peanut functional leaves at different growth stages were collected, and the photosynthetic indexes of leaves after dark treatment were measured by M-PEA-2 instrument.【Result】By analyzing the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of peanut functional leaves at different growth stages, it was found that continuous application of biochar had a significant effect on the rapid chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic curve (OJIP curve). The relative variable fluorescence intensity difference (ΔV_t) of K point treated with C15 was -0.002 and -0.020 at seedling stage and flowering and needle setting stage, and -0.024 and -0.053 at pod setting stage and maturity stage. Compared with CK treatment, the relative variable fluorescence intensity of K point in functional leaves of peanut at different growth stages was significantly decreased; with the increase of biochar dosage, the decrease range of K point at flowering, needling and mature stages increased in varying degrees. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of peanut functional leaves had a positive response to the continuous application of biochar at the flowering, needling and maturity stages. Compared with CK treatment, the relative variable fluorescence intensity at the J-step (V_J) under C15 treatment decreased by 23.9%, the approximated initial slope of the fluorescence transient (M_O) decreased by 32.1%, and the rate at which trapped excitons transfer electrons to other electron receptors downstream of Q_A in the electron transport chain (Ψ_O) increased by 25.0%.The performance index on absorption basis (PI_ABS ) increased by 154.6%, which alleviated the damage of oxygen releasing complex (OEC) in peanut functional leaves and improved the ability of electron transfer from primary quinone receptor (Q_A) to other electron receptors downstream of electron transport chain, and its effect on chlorophyll fluorescence performance increased. With the increase of biochar dosage, the effect was more obvious. At the mature stage, the effects of biochar application on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of peanut leaves were basically consistent with those at flowering and needling stage. The specific performance was as follows: the relative variable fluorescence intensity at the J-step (V_J) and the approximated initial slope of the fluorescence transient (M_O) under C15 treatment were significantly lower than those under CK treatment 12.5% and 16.0%, respectively, and the trapped excitons transferred electrons into the electron transfer chain (Q_A).Compared with CK treatment, the relative variable fluorescence intensity at the J-step (V_J) decreased by 13.2%, and the approximated initial slope of the fluorescence transient (M_O) decreased by 19.4%. The probability that a trapped exciton moved an electron into the electron transport chain beyond Q_{A (}Ψ_O)was 8.2%, and the performance index on absorption basis (PI_ABS) increased by 79.7%.【Conclusion】Continuous application of biochar could increase the electron transfer efficiency of photosystem II in functional leaves of peanut at the time of flowering and maturity, and improve the photosynthetic performance of functional leaves of peanut during this period.

Key words: biochar, peanut, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) transient

GU BoWen, YANG JinFeng, LU XiaoLing, WU YiHui, LI Na, LIU Ning, AN Ning, HAN XiaoRi. Effects of Continuous Application of Biochar on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Peanut at Different Growth Stages[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(21): 4552-4561.

Figures/Tables 5

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Effects of Continuous Application of Biochar on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Peanut at Different Growth Stages

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