不同牡丹品种开花期间花瓣花青素和类黄酮组成的动态变化

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.13.014

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa), one of the famous traditional flowers in China, is rich in flower colors and varieties. The composition content and structure of anthocyanins and flavonoids in different color cultivars and these dynamic changes at different blooming stages were studied, in order to lay a foundation for further investigation of the floral pigment mechanism and molecular breeding of tree peony.【Method】 Five different color cultivars of tree peony were chosen as materials. Anthocyanins and flavonoids in those petals of flowers at four different blooming stages, such as bud stage (S1), initial blooming stage (S2), blooming stage (S3) and wither stage (S4), were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometric (LC-MS) detectors. Then, the difference of anthocyanins and flavonoids among these five cultivars was analyzed, and the regulation of changing density was summarized.【Result】In total, 6 anthocyanins and 12 flavonoids were described. However, the compounds were distributed different among different cultivars. The purple cultivar, Luoyanghong, had four anthocyanins, and the white cultivar of Baixuetai had no anthocyanin. Among the 12 flavonoids, the relative contents of apigenin-5-glucoside (7.18%-58.46%), apigenin hexo-glucoside (1.44%-43.72%) and kaempferol-3,7-glucoside (2.83%-43.44%) were higher than other compounds. In addition, the significant changes were observed among the five cultivars. During the blooming periods, the total anthocyanin content were constantly accumulated and dramatically increased at S3, then reached the highest at S4. However, the total content of flavonoids was increased firstly and then decreased. It should be noted that the variation trend of different varieties was obviously different. The flavonoids contents of Luoyanghong showed the highest value at S4 ((752.93±48.10) μg∙g^-1 FW), and Zhaofen showed the highest value at S3 ((603.81±6.30) μg∙g^-1 FW). Baixueta reached the highest value ((673.45±9.96) μg∙g^-1 FW) at S2. But the other two cultivars, Yingrihong and Fenhe, reached the highest flavonoids content value at S1, with (525.88±22.38) μg∙g^-1 FW and (740.56±16.08) μg∙g^-1 FW, respectively.【Conclusion】The anthocyanins and flavonoids content were significantly different among different color cultivars. The purple cultivar always showed higher anthocyanins contents than other varieties. And the white cultivar almost did not detect any anthocyanin, relatively. What’s more, the anthocyanins were constantly accumulated during flower blooming stage, meanwhile, the flavonoids were increased first and then gradually degraded after flower opening.

Key words: Tree peony, anthocyanins, flavonoids, floral color

CUI HuLiang,HE Xia,ZHANG Qian. Anthocyanins and Flavonoids Accumulation Forms of Five Different Color Tree Peony Cultivars at Blooming Stages[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(13): 2858-2869.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

Fig. 3

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Contents of flavonoids in the five tree peony cultivars at different blooming stages (μg∙g-1 FW) "

品种 Cultivar	化合物 Compound	蕾期 Bud Stage	露色期 Initial blooming stage	盛开期 Blooming stage	衰败期 Wither stage
LYH	峰1 Peak 1	4.98±0.37d	14.61±3.06c	22.58±3.69b	26.08±7.39a
	峰2 Peak 2	5.07±0.36b	10.53±2.35a	13.55±3.00a	5.38±3.15b
	Km3g7g	13.11±2.08d	33.93±7.46c	50.51±8.56b	72.10±15.70a
	Km3g	12.00±1.42c	25.48±6.50b	26.70±3.72b	66.86±13.43a
	Rutin	4.32±0.17b	7.39±1.43a	8.67±1.72a	6.33±5.03ab
	Km7g	4.42±0.06b	6.67±1.24a	8.29±1.94a	7.37±2.77a
	Qu3g	206.18±34.09b	254.00±13.21a	243.70±21.08a	232.37±15.81a
	峰8 Peak 8	5.62±0.24cd	8.19±1.57b	11.73±2.53a	6.29±3.11bc
	Ap5g	84.13±4.83c	111.64±16.90b	159.68±11.85a	147.41±15.63a
	Aphg	61.19±1.64b	81.58±4.58b	83.11±6.68b	123.29±14.70a
	Lt7g	37.83±4.70b	38.61±6.78b	45.37±6.37a	39.15±3.84b
	My	24.71±2.99a	20.34±4.93b	22.77±3.35a	20.29±4.05b
	山奈酚总含量Total km	29.54±3.55c	66.08±14.88b	85.50±14.14b	146.34±17.60a
	芹菜素总含量Total ap	145.32±5.17b	193.22±15.21b	242.79±17.93a	270.70±28.52a
	合计 Total	463.58±44.14c	612.98±31.23b	696.67±12.25ab	752.93±48.10a
FH	峰1 Peak 1	7.85±2.24a	6.99±3.72a	4.83±1.27b	5.03±3.03b
	峰2 Peak 2	17.34±2.49a	12.31±5.82b	8.94±2.06c	15.62±3.78ab
	Km3g7g	58.04±7.36b	77.78±9.03a	75.13±5.25a	88.24±5.57a
	Km3g	12.33±0.72ab	11.11±0.58b	10.56±1.47bc	12.69±4.41a
	Rutin	3.12±0.03b	—	4.22±1.94a	4.28±0.98a
	Km7g	3.73±0.03a	—	3.77±1.69a	1.84±0.43b
	Qu3g	27.41±1.28a	18.12±2.76ab	13.57±1.01b	14.01±2.89b
	峰8 Peak 8	29.96±1.14a	19.99±4.73b	16.69±4.56b	15.84±1.48b
	Ap5g	432.95±27.17a	333.13±13.86b	247.42±19.42d	251.88±28.77c
	Aphg	132.20±7.25b	164.13±1.36a	125.38±11.46c	28.09±7.47e
	Lt7g	14.05±0.24b	5.40±3.34c	5.17±1.19c	15.39±3.25a
	My	6.15±0.58a	4.64±0.43b	3.33±0.03c	3.78±0.25b
	山奈酚总含量Total km	71.61±6.87c	59.26±15.67d	88.20±7.35b	102.16±10.46a
	芹菜素总含量Total ap	565.15±24.11a	331.51±27.33b	372.80±10.57b	279.96±22.45bc
	合计 Total	740.56±16.08a	435.72±37.50c	515.53±19.46b	456.07±26.12bc
BXT	峰1 Peak 1	6.26±2.04b	7.71±0.03b	12.24±1.43a	6.00±1.82b
	峰2 Peak 2	6.23±1.93c	19.61±1.77b	39.89±7.15a	32.92±10.35a
	Km3g7g	10.52±2.48c	67.29±3.54b	159.68±15.43a	179.49±17.09a
	Km3g	13.02±3.61a	4.04±0.54b	14.24±1.90a	8.02±1.63b
	Qu3g	183.68±46.64a	7.37±1.32d	12.85±2.15c	6.08±1.96d
	峰8 Peak 8	7.32±2.30c	14.46±2.66b	19.15±1.94a	8.05±1.91c
	Ap5g	74.10±18.05d	259.97±21.93b	304.54±25.31a	145.99±19.20c
	Aphg	4.84±1.64d	294.44±76.50a	45.72±5.24b	16.94±6.61c
品种 Cultivar	化合物 Compound	蕾期 Bud Stage	露色期 Initial blooming stage	盛开期 Blooming stage	衰败期 Wither stage
	Lt7g	na	6.01±1.73c	14.25±0.38a	5.46±1.41c
	My	24.65±5.72a	3.10±0.03bc	7.50±0.80b	2.42±0.71c
	山奈酚总含量Total km	29.79±8.14c	69.98±2.00b	173.92±17.31a	187.51±18.57a
	芹菜素总含量Total ap	78.95±9.66d	554.41±18.93a	350.26±30.35b	162.93±14.23c
	合计 Total	336.87±6.44c	673.45±9.96a	625.98±15.87a	413.18±25.33b
YRH	峰1 Peak 1	3.89±1.60ab	5.04±0.53a	4.14±0.80a	4.75±0.42a
	峰2 Peak 2	14.68±1.05b	12.44±2.58b	5.44±2.48c	23.68±8.08a
	Km3g7g	76.80±3.73b	68.99±2.30b	72.09±3.25b	117.40±11.45a
	Km3g	5.94±1.23a	5.97±0.78a	4.11±0.45a	5.32±0.26a
	Rutin	6.96±3.96b	8.14±1.09ab	10.83±0.66a	4.75±1.28c
	Qu3g	4.99±0.71a	3.79±0.67a	2.76±0.89a	4.31±0.54a
	峰8 Peak 8	11.52±3.26a	11.91±2.03a	8.89±0.61b	12.20±4.26a
	Ap5g	262.87±5.68a	250.79±28.04a	173.83±18.97b	252.57±30.53a
	Aphg	137.57±10.44a	128.71±34.98a	58.71±9.04b	57.09±18.54b
	山奈酚总含量Total km	82.75±4.89b	74.97±2.63b	76.20±3.57b	122.72±11.20a
	芹菜素总含量Total ap	400.44±16.11a	379.50±14.87a	232.54±7.63c	309.66±4.77b
	合计 Total	525.88±22.38a	495.79±13.54a	340.80±5.82b	482.06±24.03a
ZF	峰1 Peak 1	5.10±0.55b	7.40±0.67b	13.16±0.03a	6.60±1.60b
	峰2 Peak 2	9.96±4.36ab	9.63±4.32b	16.28±9.32a	16.75±1.48a
	Km3g7g	50.88±3.86b	69.01±15.50b	77.41±3.70b	100.30±1.84a
	Km3g	4.55±0.51a	5.87±1.59a	6.29±0.70a	2.54±0.14b
	Qu3g	7.96±1.39ab	8.66±2.28a	10.31±1.93a	4.37±0.59b
	峰8 Peak 8	11.29±2.19a	12.31±4.53a	15.07±2.19a	6.60±1.37b
	Ap5g	231.30±52.55b	250.31±76.68b	263.98±30.52a	173.39±25.33c
	Aphg	154.19±59.74c	161.46±76.31b	202.70±21.61a	124.80±29.55d
	Lt7g	4.08±0.03ab	na	8.99±0.03a	3.55±1.08b
	My	3.50±0.22b	3.29±1.55b	6.48±0.83a	na
	山奈酚总含量Total km	55.42±4.34d	74.88±1.99c	81.60±0.04b	102.83±1.98a
	芹菜素总含量Total ap	385.49±3.30c	411.77±15.86b	466.68±2.53a	298.19±4.19d
	合计 Total	478.39±8.64ab	524.38±16.89a	603.81±6.30a	438.89±6.62b

Table 4

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峰序号 Peak number	推定物质 Putative identification matter	保留时间 Rt (min)	吸收波长 λ_max (nm)	母离子+ [M+H]⁺	二级离子 MS²-PI	参考依据 Reference
1	Cy3g5g	12.22	278.22, 512.18	611.16	287.3	[6]
2	Pg3g5g	14.13	274.69, 496.69	595.17	271.06	[6, 20]
3	Pn3g5g	14.93	279.12, 513.17	625.15	301.1	[21]
4	Cy3g	16.18	280.32, 514.05	449.1	287.3	标准品 Std
5	Pg3g	18.22	266.70, 499.91	433.01	271.06	[20, 21]
6	Pn3g	19.21	279.22, 516.05	463.12	301.1	[21]

峰序号 Peak number	推定物质 Putative identification matter	保留时间 Rt (min)	最大波长 λ_max (nm)	质谱离子ESIMS (m/z)				参考依据 Reference
峰序号 Peak number	推定物质 Putative identification matter	保留时间 Rt (min)	最大波长 λ_max (nm)	母离子+ [M+H]⁺	二级离子+ MS²-PI	母离子- [M-H]^-	二级离子- MS²-NI	参考依据 Reference
1	未知 Unknown	14.41	352.7	-	-	-	-
2	未知 Unknown	15.78	331.9	465.08	303.02/229.05	463.09	271.00
3	Km3g7g	16.54	265.11, 345.81	633	449	609	447/285.04	[6,8]
4	Km3g	17.24	266.22, 352.43	471.24	287.05	447.34	284.16/249.04	[8]
5	Rutin	22.76	326.9	610.53		609.1	301.04	std
6	Km7g	23.2	266.03, 362.07	449.11	287.05	447.09	285.04	[8]
7	Qu3g	24.08	254.08, 347.39	487.12	303.01	463.09	301.03	std
8	未知Unknown	26.27	269.81, 336.57	625.17	479.12	-	-
9	Ap5g	26.97	268.33, 336.57	433.11	256.96	431.36	269.22	[6,8]
10	Aphg	27.59	265.21, 336.51	601.28	579.26/433.2/271.07	577.44	431.36/269.17	[6,8]
11	Lt7g	27.88	266.01, 344.77	449.1	287.05/135.05	447.21	285.01	[6,8]
12	My	28.56	269.11, 345.29	319.04	217.05	463.1	179	std

品种 Cultivar	化合物 Compound	蕾期 Bud Stage	露色期 Initial blooming stage	盛开期 Blooming stage	衰败期 Wither stage
LYH	Cy3g5g	4.24±0.73d	8.70±0.76c	15.04±1.62b	26.22±0.78a
	Pn3g5g	9.80±1.22d	29.59±3.52c	48.72±1.39b	86.50±3.89a
	Cy3g	2.99±0.29d	11.04±1.33c	42.38±1.13b	139.63±7.10a
	Pn3g	3.47±0.22c	8.66±1.14c	26.46±3.42b	87.38±9.64a
	合计 Total	20.50±1.74d	57.99±6.05c	132.59±5.25b	340.06±9.50a
FH	Pg3g5g	-	-	-	2.73±0.82
	Pn3g5g	4.94±0.87b	7.48±0.73a	8.02±1.66a	9.62±1.62a
	合计 Total	4.94±0.87c	7.48±0.73b	8.02±1.66b	12.35±1.41a
YRH	Pg3g5g	13.95±4.76c	22.02±5.65b	35.48±5.28a	33.17±2.03a
	Pg3g	3.48±1.70c	6.25±1.68ab	4.69±1.28bc	7.72±0.67a
	合计 Total	16.27±6.24bc	28.27±7.32ab	40.17±6.41a	40.89±1.53a
ZF	Pg3g5g	-	4.43±2.15b	7.00±0.83a	5.12±0.96ab

Anthocyanins and Flavonoids Accumulation Forms of Five Different Color Tree Peony Cultivars at Blooming Stages

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