不同干制方式对沙田柚果渣粉活性物质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.14.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The composition, contents, physicochemical and functional properties of both dietary fiber (DF) and flavonoids of Shatianyou (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) pomace powder prepared by hot air drying (HAD) and freeze drying (FD) were compared, so as to provide the theoretical basis for the utilization of Shatianyou by-products in the process of functional food. 【Method】Shatianyou pomace powder was prepared by HAD and FD from pomace residues of Shatianyou after the juice was squeezed. The contents of soluble DF (SDF) and insoluble DF (IDF) of Shatianyou pomace powder were determined. The microstructure of the pomace powder was observed by scanning electron microscope and their water retention capacity (WRC), oil adsorption capacity (OAC) and water swelling capacity (WSC) were measured, respectively. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Shatianyou pomace powder were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and Sodium borohydride/chloroquinone assay, respectively. The flavonoids composition of the pomace powder was analyzed by HPLC, and their antioxidant activities were determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), ABTS radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. 【Result】The Shatianyou pomace powder prepared by HAD showed higher total DF (46.10 g/100 g DW) content than those obtained by FD (P<0.05); both kinds of pomace powder had balanced ratios of IDF/SDF (1.5 and 1.6, respectively); the WRC (7.55±0.43 g∙g^-1 DW) and OAC (1.94±0.08 g∙g^-1 DW) of pomace powder obtained by HAD were slightly higher than those obtained by FD, but the later one showed a higher WSC (12.25 mL∙g^-1 DW, P<0.05). Phenolics and flavonoids in Shatianyou pomace powder mainly existed in free form, accounting for more than 95% of their total phenolics. The pomace powder obtained by HAD showed significant higher total phenolic contents (5.54 mg GAE∙g^-1 DW) than those obtained by FD (P<0.05), but their total flavonoid contents were similar (13.11 and 11.45 mg CE∙g^-1DW, respectively). Naringin and melitidin were the main flavonoids in Shatianyou pomace powder, accounting for more than 70% of their total flavonoids. These were obviously different from those of other citrus fruits, in which naringin was the main flavonoid. Shatianyou pomace powder obtained by HAD, with the ORAC, ABTS and FRAP values of 141.28, 4.63 and 20.98 μmol TE∙g^-1 DW, respectively, showed stronger antioxidant activity than those prepared by FD. 【Conclusion】Shatianyou pomace powder was rich in DF and flavonoids, which showed higher hydration properties and antioxidant activities than those of other fruit by-products. Thus, Shatianyou pomace powder was a good source of DF and flavonoid, and could be used in the development of functional food.

Key words: Shatianyou (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) pomace powder, dietary fiber, flavonoids, drying

LU Qi,JIA XuChao,DENG Mei,ZHANG RuiFen,DONG LiHong,HUANG Fei,CHI JianWei,LIU Lei,ZHANG MingWei. Effects of Different Drying Methods on Bioactive Components of Shatianyou (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) Pomace Powder[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(14): 2825-2836.

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