小麦远缘杂交现状、抗病基因转移及利用研究进展

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.07.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Wheat alien species are vast reservoir of diversity for disease and pest resistance as well as stress tolerance, which are excellent gene sources for wheat breeding. Through wide hybridization, the genes of alien species could be transferred to wheat to create wheat-alien chromosome lines such as amphiploids or partial amphiploids, additions, substitutions and translocation lines. These genetic stocks could be utilized to study chromosome behavior and genome evolution, mapping genes, and diversifying the genetic basis of wheat for diseases and pest resistance, as well as yield and quality improvement. In order to understand the progress of wheat wide hybridization and useful gene transfer from alien species to wheat, in this paper, the classification of the tribe Triticeae, the definition and significance of wheat wide hybridization, alien transfers progress from species belonging to genera Aegilops, Secale, Thinopyrum, Dasypyrum, Agropyron, Hordeum, Elymus, Leymus, Psathyrostachys and Eremopyrum to wheat have been summarized and discussed. To date, the official designated genes originated from wheat alien species include 17 stripe rust resistance genes, 35 leaf rust resistance gens, 30 stem rust resistance genes, 41 powdery mildew resistance genes, 3 Fusarium head blight-resistance genes, one wheat blast resistance gene, one Septoria tritici blotch resistance genes, one Septoria nodorum blotch resistance gene, 4 tan spot resistance genes, 2 eyespot resistance genes, one wheat spindle streak mosaic virus resistance gene, 2 wheat streak mosaic virus resistance genes and 2 cereal yellow dwarf resistance genes. Names and the chromosomal locations of these disease resistance genes were inducted. Moreover, the utilization of these genes in wheat breeding has also been reviewed and summarized. In the history of world wheat breeding, disease resistant germplasms such as wheat-rye 1RS·1BL translocation, 1RS·1AL translocation and wheat-Aegilops ventricosa 2NS/2AS translocation have made outstanding contributions. However, this only benefited from the utilization of a few disease resistant genes. Compared to the number of the designated genes, relatively few disease-resistant genes have been used in wheat breeding. In this paper, the limiting factors for the underutilization are discussed. Suggestions on how to use these disease-resistant genes in the future are put forward. Meanwhile, the cloned disease-resistant genes from wheat alien species are listed. The methods of cloning these genes and the possible research hotspots in the future are also analyzed. It is believed that the development and application of wheat-wild species translocation lines without genetic drag may be an important driving force for material innovation and variety breeding in the future.

Key words: wheat, wild hybridization, chromosome line, disease resistance gene, derived varieties

Cheng LIU,Ran HAN,XiaoLu WANG,WenPing GONG,DunGong CHENG,XinYou CAO,AiFeng LIU,HaoSheng LI,JianJun LIU. Research Progress of Wheat Wild Hybridization, Disease Resistance Genes Transfer and Utilization[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(7): 1287-1308.

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Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Table 2

Leaf rust resistance genes transferred from wild relatives to wheat"

序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference	序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference
1	Lr9	小伞山羊草Ae. umbellulata	6BL	[99]	19	Lr58	钩刺山羊草Ae. triuncialis	2BL	[111]
2	Lr76	小伞山羊草Ae. umbellulata	5DS	[90]	20	Lr59	柱穗山羊草Ae. peregrina	1AL	[112]
3	Lr21	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	1DL	[100]	21	Lr62	短穗山羊草Ae. neglecta	6A	[89]
4	Lr22a	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	2DS	[101]	22	Lr25	栽培黑麦S. cereale	4BS	[113]
5	Lr22b	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	2DS	[101]	23	Lr26	栽培黑麦S. cereale	1BL	[114]
6	Lr32	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	3D	[102]	24	Lr45	栽培黑麦S. cereale	2AS	[115]
7	Lr39	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	2DS	[103]	25	Lr19	长穗偃麦草Th. elongatum	7DL	[116]
8	Lr42	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	1D	[104]	26	Lr24	彭提卡偃麦草Th. ponticum	3DL	[117]
9	Lr28	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	4AL	[25]	27	Lr38	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	2AL	[118]
10	Lr35	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	2B	[105]	28	Lr29	长穗偃麦草Th. elongatum	7DS	[119]
11	Lr36	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	6BS	[106]	29	Lr55	粗穗披碱草E. trachycaulis	1BS	[120]
12	Lr47	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	7AS	[107]	30	Lr14a	栽培二粒小麦T. dicoccum	7BL	[121]
13	Lr51	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	1BL	[108]	31	Lr53	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	6BS	[97]
14	Lr66	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	3A	[109]	32	Lr64	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	6AL	[122]
15	Lr37	偏凸山羊草Ae. ventricosa	2AS	[83]	33	Lr23	硬粒小麦T. durum	2BS	[123]
16	Lr54	粘果山羊草Ae. kotschyi	2DL	[110]	34	Lr63	一粒小麦T. monococcum	3AS	[124]
17	Lr56	沙融山羊草Ae. sharonensis	6A	[87]	35	Lr50	提莫非维小麦T. timopheevi	2BL	[125]
18	Lr57	卵穗山羊草Ae. geniculata	5DS	[88]

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Powdery mildew resistance genes transferred from wild relatives to wheat"

序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference	序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference
1	Pm12	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	6B	[148]	22	Pm1b	一粒小麦T. monococcum	7AL	[168]
2	Pm32	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	1BS	[149]	23	Pm4d	一粒小麦T. monococcum	2AL	[169]
3	Pm53	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	5BL	[150]	24	Pm25	野生一粒小麦T. boeoticum	1A	[170]
4	Pm19	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	7D	[151]	25	Pm4b	波斯小麦T. carthlicum	2AL	[171]
5	Pm34	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	5DL	[152]	26	Pm4a	栽培二粒小麦T. dicoccum	2AL	[171]
6	Pm35	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	5DL	[153]	27	Pm5a	栽培二粒小麦T. dicoccum	7BL	[172]
7	Pm58	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	2DS	[154]	28	Pm49	栽培二粒小麦T. dicoccum	2BS	[173]
8	Pm13	高大山羊草Ae. longissima	3B, 3D	[155]	29	Pm50	栽培二粒小麦T. dicoccum	2AL	[174]
9	Pm57	希尔斯山羊草Ae. searsii	2BL	[156]	30	Pm16	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	4A	[175]
10	Pm29	卵穗山羊草Ae. geniculata	7DL	[157]	31	Pm26	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	2BS	[176]
11	Pm7	栽培黑麦S. cereale	4BL	[158]	32	Pm30	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	5BS	[177]
12	Pm8	栽培黑麦S. cereale	1BS	[91]	33	Pm36	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	5BL	[178]
13	Pm17	栽培黑麦S. cereale	1AS	[159]	34	Pm41	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	3BL	[179]
14	Pm20	栽培黑麦S. cereale	6BL	[160]	35	Pm42	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	2BS	[180]
15	Pm56	栽培黑麦S. cereale	6AS	[161]	36	Pm64	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	2BL	[181]
16	Pm21	簇毛麦D. villosum	6AS	[162]	37	Pm3h	硬粒小麦T. durum	1AS	[182]
17	Pm55	簇毛麦D. villosum	5AS, 5DS	[163]	38	Pm60	乌拉尔图小麦T. urartu	7A	[183]
18	Pm62	簇毛麦D. villosum	2BL	[164]	39	Pm6	提莫非维小麦T. timopheevii	2BL	[184]
19	Pm40	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	7BS	[165]	40	Pm27	提莫非维小麦T. timopheevii	6B	[185]
20	Pm43	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	2DL	[166]	41	Pm37	提莫非维小麦T. timopheevii	7AL	[186]
21	Pm51	彭提卡偃麦草Th. ponticum	2BL	[167]

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

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序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference	序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference
1	Yr8	顶芒山羊草Ae. comsa	2D	[25]	10	Yr9	栽培黑麦S. cereale	1BL	[91]
2	Yr17	偏凸山羊草Ae. ventricosa	2AS	[83]	11	Yr50	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	4BL	[92]
3	Yr19	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	5B	[84]	12	Yr7	硬粒小麦T. durum	2BL	[93]
4	Yr28	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	4DS	[85]	13	Yr24	硬粒小麦T. durum	1BS	[94]
5	Yr37	粘果山羊草Ae. kotschy	2DL	[86]	14	Yr53	硬粒小麦T. durum	2BL	[95]
6	Yr38	沙融山羊草Ae. sharonensis	6A	[87]	15	Yr15	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	1BL	[96]
7	Yr40	卵穗山羊草Ae. geniculata	5DS	[88]	16	Yr35	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	6BS	[97]
8	Yr42	三芒山羊草Ae. neglecta	6A	[89]	17	Yr36	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	6BS	[98]
9	Yr70	小伞山羊草Ae. umbellulata	5DS	[90]

序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference	序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference
1	Sr34	顶芒山羊草Ae. comosa	2A, 2B	[25]	16	Sr43	长穗偃麦草Th. elongatum	7D	[136]
2	Sr38	偏凸山羊草Ae. ventricosa	2AS	[83]	17	Sr44	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	7DS	[137]
3	Sr32	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	2A, 2B	[126]	18	Sr2	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	3BS	[138]
4	Sr39	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	2B	[105]	19	Sr9d	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	2BL	[139]
5	Sr47	拟斯卑尔脱山羊草Ae. speltoides	2B	[127]	20	Sr9e	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	2BL	[140]
6	Sr51	希尔斯山羊草Ae. searsii	3AS, 3BS, 3DS	[128]	21	Sr13	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	6AL	[141]
7	Sr53	卵穗山羊草Ae. geniculata	5DL	[129]	22	Sr14	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	1BL	[141]
8	Sr27	栽培黑麦S. cereale	3A	[130]	23	Sr17	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	7BL	[142]
9	Sr31	栽培黑麦S. cereale	1BL	[131]	24	Sr21	一粒小麦T. monococcum	2AL	[143]
10	Sr50	栽培黑麦S. cereale	1BS	[132]	25	Sr22	一粒小麦T. monococcum	7AL	[143]
11	Sr59	栽培黑麦S. cereale	2DL	[133]	26	Sr35	一粒小麦T. monococcum	3AL	[144]
12	Sr52	簇毛麦D. villosum	6AL	[134]	27	Sr60	一粒小麦T. monococcum	5AS	[145]
13	Sr24	彭提卡偃麦草Th. ponticum	3DL	[117]	28	Sr12	硬粒小麦T. durum	3BS	[146]
14	Sr25	彭提卡偃麦草Th. ponticum	7DL	[117]	29	Sr36	提莫非维小麦T. timopheevi	2BS	[147]
15	Sr26	长穗偃麦草Th. elongatum	6AL	[135]	30	Sr37	提莫非维小麦T. timopheevi	4BL	[147]

序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference
1	Fhb3	大赖草 L. racemosus	7AS	[187]
2	Fhb6	柯孟披碱草/鹅观草 E. tsukushiensis/R. kamoji	1AS	[188]
3	Fhb7	彭提卡偃麦草Th. ponticum	7D	[189]

序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference	序号 No.	基因 Gene	来源 Source	染色体位置 Chromosomal location	参考文献 Reference
1	Rmg7	栽培二粒小麦T. dicoccum	2A	[190]	8	Pch1	偏凸山羊草Ae. ventricosa	7DL	[196]
2	Stb5	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	7DS	[191]	9	Pch3	簇毛麦D. villosum	4V	[197]
3	Snb3	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	5DL	—	10	Wss1	簇毛麦D. villosum	4DS	[198]
4	Tsr2	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	3BL	[192]	11	Wsm1	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	4DS	[199]
5	Tsr3	粗山羊草Ae. tauschii	3DS	[193]	12	Wsm3	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	7B	[200]
6	Tsr5	圆锥小麦T. turgidum	3BL	[194]	13	Bdv2	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	7DS	[201]
7	Tsr7	野生二粒小麦T. dicoccoides	3BL	[195]	14	Bdv3	中间偃麦草Th. intermedium	7DL	[202]

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