基于广靶代谢组学分析藏葱和细香葱营养品质及黄酮类代谢产物差异

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.05.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in agronomic traits, nutritional quality, and metabolic components between Tibetan bunching onion and chive to elucidate their unique nutritional and metabolic characteristics, thereby exploring their distinctive resource value. These findings will provide a scientific basis for the exploitation of the unique resource value of Tibetan bunching onion, as well as for the promotion of the high-value utilization and varietal improvement of specialty vegetables in Xizang.【Method】 The materials used in this study were Tibetan bunching onion and chive. A systematic comparison of their agronomic traits and nutritional quality was conducted through physiological and biochemical analyses. The metabolic profiles of the subjects were analyzed using widely targeted metabolomics, with differential metabolites being identified using the criteria of VIP>1 and FC≥2 or FC≤0.5. Subsequent KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed to elucidate the impacted metabolic pathways.【Result】 The results showed that there were significant differences between the two species in terms of pseudostem morphology, epidermal color, plant height, pseudostem length, leaf length, and single plant weight. Nutritional quality analysis showed that the dry matter, free amino acid, pyruvic acid, and crude fiber contents of Tibetan bunching onion were higher than those of chive, while the soluble solids, soluble sugars, vitamin C content, and sugar-acid ratio were significantly lower. Utilizing the widely targeted metabolomics-based technology, a total of 2 014 metabolites from 13 distinct classes were identified, predominantly comprising flavonoids, lipids, and alkaloids. Then 1 012 differential metabolites were identified by multivariate statistical analysis, of which 583 were up-regulated and 429 were down-regulated. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in pathways associated with flavonoid biosynthesis, primarily encompassing the biosynthesis of flavones and flavanols, anthocyanin glycosides, and the biosynthetic pathways of kaempferol aglycone Ⅰ and quercetin aglycone Ⅰ. By constructing a flavonoid anabolic network and comparing the relative contents of metabolites, significant interspecific divergence in downstream flavonoid metabolite accumulation between Tibetan bunching onion and chive was revealed. The diversity was mainly due to the branch transformation of the common precursor dihydrokaempferol, which led to the synthesis and accumulation of different secondary metabolites, including flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin) and anthocyanins (cyanidin and delphinidin).【Conclusion】 Significant differences were observed in the agronomic traits, nutritional quality, and metabolite accumulation of the two Allium species. The Tibetan bunching onion had a high dry matter and amino acid content, a spicy and rich flavor, a coarse texture, and good storage resistance. In contrast, the chive was rich in sugars and vitamin C, and tasted sweet and fresh. Differentiation of the flavonoid synthesis pathway is mainly due to the transformation of dihydrokaempferol branches, which produce various metabolites such as flavanols and anthocyanins.

Key words: Allium, leaf, nutritional quality, widely targeted metabolomics, flavonoids, metabolic differences

YUE LiXin, WANG QingHua, WANG ZhenBao, NIMAQIONGJI, LIU ZeZhou, KONG SuPing, ZHANG LiFeng, GAO LiMin. Widely Targeted Metabolomics-Based Analysis of the Differences in Tibetan Bunching Onion and Chive on Nutritional Quality and Flavonoid Metabolites[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 1070-1086.

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样本 Samples	分蘖数 Tiller numbers	单株叶数 Leaf numbers	株高 Plant height (cm)	假茎长 Pseudostem length (cm)	叶片长 Leaf length (cm)	叶扁宽 Leaf weight (mm)	假茎粗 Pseudostem width (mm)	单株重 Single plant weight (g)
藏葱ZC	5.33±2.05a	4.60±0.66a	59.90±5.05a	17.00±0.92a	43.65±4.14a	8.29±1.03b	8.58±1.15a	16.19±3.96a
细香葱YX	5.75±1.48a	4.20±0.60a	46.85±5.23b	11.45±1.29b	35.45±4.65b	13.27±0.66a	8.96±1.36a	11.60±1.23b

Widely Targeted Metabolomics-Based Analysis of the Differences in Tibetan Bunching Onion and Chive on Nutritional Quality and Flavonoid Metabolites

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[3]	LI SaiYa, XU YaPing, ZHENG JiaXing, ZHENG Yang, YU JiaHui, LI YongQiang, PU ShouCheng, YANG Li, GUO WeiDong. Bioactive Polyphenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activities in Leaves of 34 Vaccinium Species [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 874-886.
[4]	WANG AiDong, LI RuiJie, FENG XiangQian, HONG WeiYuan, LI ZiQiu, ZHANG XiaoGuo, WANG DanYing, CHEN Song. Multi-Angle Imaging and Machine Learning Approaches for Accurate Rice Leaf Area Estimation [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1719-1734.
[5]	JI ShengYang, LU BaiYi, LI PeiWu. Some Reflections on Modern Science of Agricultural Product Quality [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1830-1844.
[6]	YIN Bo, YU AiZhong, WANG PengFei, YANG XueHui, WANG YuLong, SHANG YongPan, ZHANG DongLing, LIU YaLong, LI Yue, WANG Feng. Effects of Green Manure Returning Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Hydrothermal Characteristics of Wheat Field and Grain Yield in Oasis Irrigation Area [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(7): 1366-1380.
[7]	CHEN Ge, GU Yu, WEN Jiong, FU YueFeng, HE Xi, LI Wei, ZHOU JunYu, LIU QiongFeng, WU HaiYong. Effects of Fallow Weeds Returning to the Field on Photosynthetic Matter Production and Yield of Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(4): 647-659.
[8]	GUO AoLin, LIN JunXuan, LAI GongTi, HE LiYuan, CHE JianMei, PAN Ruo, YANG FangXue, HUANG YuJi, CHEN GuiXin, LAI ChengChun. Effect of VdF3′5′H2 Overexpression on the Accumulation of Anthocyanin Composition in Spine Grape Cells [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(4): 802-818.
[9]	WEI ChenXi, DONG ShanRong, WANG XiaoMan, LUO JianRang. Analysis of Red Color Leaf Traits in Tree Peony Based on Leaf Color Phenotypes and Anthocyanin Accumulation Characteristics [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 5046-5056.
[10]	SONG XuHui, ZHAO XueYing, ZHAO Bin, REN BaiZhao, ZHANG JiWang, LIU Peng, REN Hao. Effects of Row Ratio Allocation on Light Distribution and Photosynthetic Production Capacity of Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4858-4871.
[11]	LUO ZiShu, ZHANG YiJia, ZHOU Rong, ZHANG YanXin, ZHOU Ting, YOU Jun, WANG LinHai. Characterization of Antioxidant Activities in Sesame Leaves and Screening of High Antioxidant Germplasm [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(19): 3814-3824.
[12]	GUO MengZe, ZHANG Lei, SUN PingPing, JIANG Biao, YAN JinQiang, LI ZhengNan. Molecular Characterization and Evolutionary Dynamics of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Isolate from Wax Gourd (Benincasa hispida) in Guangdong [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(19): 3890-3904.
[13]	REN JiaHui, SUN JuanJuan, HAO YingLu, WANG FengWu, WANG JingYu, ZHANG MingWei, LI BaoHan, ZHENG ChengZhong, HE ZhuQing, WANG ZhaoLan. Screening of Feed Oat Varieties and Its Evaluation of Silage Quality in Central Inner Mongolia [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(19): 4026-4038.
[14]	HU JiaYan, SHEN ZhiHan, WEN LiHui, YU JiaHao, ZHANG YuJun, JIANG DongHua. Identification and Evaluation of Biocontrol Actinomycetes Against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola for Disease Suppression and Growth Promotion in Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(17): 3434-3450.
[15]	YANG WenJuan, GAO JiaCheng, WANG YanTing, LI Yan, GUO Ming, WANG JunCheng, MENG YaXiong, WANG HuaJun, SI ErJing. Function of Effector Pg00778 Regulation on the Pathogenicity of Pyrenophora graminea to Barley [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(15): 3020-3035.