东北三省西部春玉米适应气候变化的高产高效灌溉方案分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.015

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The three provinces of Northeast China are not only an important grain production commodity in the country, but also the most sensitive areas to climate change. Thus, it is critical to clarify the suitable irrigation schemes for spring maize in arid areas of the west of Northeast China, which may be benefit on spring maize yield and its stability with higher water use efficiency under climate change. 【Method】 Based on the accumulated temperature and water deficit rate (k) during the growing season in 1981-2017, the potential planting areas of spring maize in Northeast China were divided into 10 climate zones (CZs). Five of them (k>0) in the west portion were selected as research areas. With meteorological data, experimental data, and soil data, maize yield potential was assessed by the well-calibrated and validated agricultural production system model (APSIM-Maize) in each CZ under different irrigation scenarios. According to the comprehensive analysis of both yield and water use efficiency, the suitable irrigation measures and the yield increment in different decades in each CZ were identified. 【Result】 (1) In the past 37 years, the water limitation on spring maize yield in CZ1 and CZ3 were less than that in three other CZs, with a range of 0-27% and 0-9%, respectively. Irrigation contributed little to yield increase, but it could improve the yield stability. The coefficient of yield variation reduced from 0.24 to 0.11 in CZ1, respectively, and reduced from 0.14 to 0.12 in CZ3, respectively. In CZ5, CZ7 and CZ9, more water limitation was found on maize yield, with a range of 27%-69%, 15%-35%, and 31%-51%, respectively. Moreover, irrigation also reduced the coefficients of yield variation by 0.39, 0.33 and 0.52 in the three CZs. The results indicated that irrigation could lead to a high and stable maize yield in the arid areas of Northeast China. (2) The suitable irrigation amount was 40 mm, which could produce high spring maize yield with high water use efficiency in CZ1 and CZ3. However, irrigation time had a little influence on the yield and water use efficiency of spring maize. Meanwhile, the suitable irrigation amounts for high yield and high water use efficiency were 60-80 mm in CZ5, CZ7 and CZ9, and the suitable irrigation times were from silking to 20 days after silking, jointing to 10 days after jointing and jointing to 10 days after jointing. (3) Compared with the rain-fed conditions, the yield increments varied in different CZs under suitable irrigation measures, which ranged from 33% to 86%, 24% to 46% and 50% to 77% in CZ5, CZ7 and CZ9, respectively. Lower yield increments were found in CZ1 and CZ3, with ranges of 5% to 43% and 9% to 19%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The suitable irrigation amount for spring maize decreased with the latitude increased, and the suitable irrigation time delayed with the increased latitude. In addition, the suitable irrigation time in each CZ advanced because of warming climate. Compared with the rain-fed conditions, spring maize yield could be increased by 0-86% under suitable irrigation measures in each CZ. In particular, the yield increments in CZ5, CZ7 and CZ9 were greater than those in CZ1 and CZ3.

Key words: spring maize, irrigation measures, APSIM-Maize, water use efficiency, drought, climate zone

HUANG QiuWan,LIU ZhiJuan,YANG XiaoGuang,BAI Fan,LIU Tao,ZHANG ZhenTao,SUN Shuang,ZHAO Jin. Analysis of Suitable Irrigation Schemes with High-Production and High-Efficiency for Spring Maize to Adapt to Climate Change in the West of Northeast China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(21): 4470-4484.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.015

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2020/V53/I21/4470

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Table 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Table 2

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

References 39

[1]	中华人民共和国国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2009-2018.
	National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China. China Statistical Yearbook. Beijing: China Statistics Press, 2009-2018. (in Chinese)
[2]	陈群, 耿婷, 侯雯嘉, 陈长青. 近20年东北气候变暖对春玉米生长发育及产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2014,47(10):1904-1916.
	CHEN Q, GENG T, HOU W J, CHEN C Q. Impacts of climate warming on growth and yield of spring maize in recent 20 years in Northeast China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014,47(10):1904-1916. (in Chinese)
[3]	赵秀兰. 近50年中国东北地区气候变化对农业的影响. 东北农业大学学报, 2010,41(9):144-149.
	ZHAO X L. Influence of climate change on agriculture in Northeast China in recent 50 years. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2010, 41(9):144-149. (in Chinese)
[4]	刘志娟, 杨晓光, 王文峰, 李克南, 张晓煜. 气候变化背景下我国东北三省农业气候资源变化特征. 应用生态学报. 2009,20(9):2199-2206.
	LIU Z J, YANG X G, WANG W F, LI K N, ZHANG X Y. Characteristics of agricultural climate resources in three provinces of Northeast China under global climate change. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2009,20(9):2199-2206. (in Chinese)
[5]	董满宇, 吴正方. 近50年来东北地区气温变化时空特征分析. 资源科学, 2008,30(7) : 1093-1099.
	DONG M Y, WU Z F. Analysis of temporal and spatial characteristics of temperature change over the last 50 years in Northeast China. Resources Science, 2008, 30(7) : 1093-1099. (in Chinese)
[6]	付长超, 刘吉平, 刘志明. 近60年东北地区气候变化时空分异规律的研究. 干旱区资源与环境, 2009,23(12):60-65.
	FU C C, LIU J P, LIU Z M. Spacial and temporal differentiation rule of the climate change in Northeast China in about 60 years. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2009, 23(12):60-65. (in Chinese)
[7]	姜晓艳, 刘树华, 马明敏, 张菁, 宋军. 东北地区近百年降水时间序列变化规律的小波分析. 地理研究, 2009,28(2):354-362.
	JIANG X Y, LIU S H, MA M M, ZHANG J, SONG J. A wavelet analysis of the precipitation time series in Northeast China during the last 100 years. Geographical Research, 2009,28(2):354-362. (in Chinese)
[8]	孙凤华, 吴志坚, 杨素英. 东北地区近50年来极端降水和干燥事件时空演变特征. 生态学杂志, 2006,25(7):779-784.
	SUN F H, WU Z J, YANG S Y. Temporal and spatial variations of extreme precipitation and dryness events in Northeast China in last 50 years. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2006,25(7):779-784. (in Chinese)
[9]	顾莉丽, 郭庆海. 中国粮食主产区的演变与发展研究. 农业经济问题, 2011,32(8):4-9, 110.
	GU L L, GUO Q H. Evolution and development of China’s major grain producing areas. Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2011,32(8):4-9, 110. (in Chinese)
[10]	刘保花, 陈新平, 崔振岭, 孟庆锋, 赵明. 三大粮食作物产量潜力与产量差研究进展. 中国生态农业学报, 2015,23(5):525-534.
	LIU B H, CHEN X P, CUI Z L, MENG Q F, ZHAO M. Research advance in yield potential and yield gap of three major cereal crops. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015,23(5):525-534. (in Chinese)
[11]	安刚, 孙力, 廉毅. 东北地区可利用降水资源的初步分析. 气候与环境研究, 2005,10(1):132-139.
	AN G, SUN L, LIAN Y. A primary analysis of utilizable precipitation in Northeast China. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2005,10(1):132-139. (in Chinese)
[12]	LIU Z, HUBBARD K G, LIN X M, YANG X G. Negative effects of climate warming on maize yield are reversed by the changing of sowing date and cultivar selection in Northeast China. Global Change Biology, 2013,19(11):3481-3492. pmid: 23857749
[13]	杨晓光, 刘志娟, 陈阜. 全球气候变暖对中国种植制度可能影响 Ⅰ.气候变暖对中国种植制度北界和粮食产量可能影响的分析. 中国农业科学, 2010,43(2):329-336.
	YANG X G, LIU Z J, CHEN F. The possible effects of global warming on cropping systems in China Ⅰ. The possible effects of climate warming on northern limits of cropping systems and crop yields in China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010,43(2):329-336. (in Chinese)
[14]	YANG X G, CHEN F, LIN X M, LIU Z J, ZHANG H L, ZHAO J, LI K N, YE Q, LI Y, LV S, YANG P, WU W B, LI Z G, LAL R, TANG H J. Potential benefits of climate change for crop productivity in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2015,208:76-84.
[15]	张镇涛, 杨晓光, 高继卿, 王晓煜, 白帆, 孙爽, 刘志娟, 明博, 谢瑞芝, 王克如, 李少昆. 气候变化背景下华北平原夏玉米适宜播期分析. 中国农业科学, 2018,51(17):3258-3274.
	ZHANG Z T, YANG X G, GAO J Q, WANG X Y, BAI F, SUN S, LIU Z J, MING B, XIE R Z, WANG K R, LI S K. Analysis of suitable sowing date for summer maize in north China plain under climate change. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018,51(17):3258-3274. (in Chinese)
[16]	SUN S, YANG X G, LIN X M, GRETCHEN F S, LI K N. Climate-smart management can further improve winter wheat yield in China. Agricultural Systems, 2018,162:10-18.
[17]	王晓煜, 杨晓光, TAO L, 张天一, 刘涛, 项洪涛, 孙翌晨, 刘志娟. 东北三省水稻干湿交替灌溉模式适宜性分区. 农业工程学报, 2018,34(6):111-120.
	WANG X Y, YANG X G, TAO L, ZHANG T Y, LIU T, XIANG H T, SUN Y C, LIU Z J. Rice suitability zoning of alternative wetting and drying irrigation mode in three provinces of Northeast China. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018,34(6):111-120. (in Chinese)
[18]	LIU Z J, YANG X G, LIN X M, HUBBARD K D, LÜ S, WANG J. Narrowing the agronomic yield gaps of maize by improved soil, cultivar, and agricultural management practices in different climate zones of Northeast China. Earth Interactions, 2016,20(12):1-18.
[19]	WANG X H, PENG L Q, ZHANG X P, YIN G D. Divergence of climate impacts on maize yield in northeast China. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2014,196(7522):51-58.
[20]	LIU Z J, YANG X G, LIN X M, GOWDA P, LV S, WANG J. Climate zones determine where substantial increases of maize yields can be attained in Northeast China. Climatic Change, 2018,149:473-487.
[21]	ALLEN R G, PEREIRA L S, RAES D, SMITH M. Crop Evapotranspiration-Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements- Fao Irrigation and Drainage. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1998: 56.
[22]	ASSENG S, KEATING B A, IRP F, GREGORY P J. Performance of the APSIM-wheat model in western Australia. Field Crops Research, 1998,57(2):163-179.
[23]	ASSENG S, KEULEN H V, STOL W. Performance and application of the APSIM Nwheat model in the Netherlands. European Journal of Agronomy, 2000,12(1):37-54.
[24]	王琳, 郑有飞, 于强, 王恩利. APSIM模型对华北平原小麦-玉米连作系统的适用性. 应用生态学报, 2007,18(11):2480-2486.
	WANG L, ZHENG Y F, YU Q, WANG E L. Applicability of Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) in simulating the production and water use of wheat-maize continuous cropping system in North China Plain. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007,18(11):2480-2486. (in Chinese)
[25]	孙宁, 冯利平. 利用冬小麦作物生长模型对产量气候风险的评估. 农业工程学报, 2005,21(2):106-110.
	SUN N, FENG L P. Assessing the climatic risk to crop yield of winter wheat using crop growth models. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2005,21(2):106-110. (in Chinese)
[26]	李艳, 薛昌颖, 刘园, 杨晓光, 王靖, 王恩利. APSIM模型对冬小麦生长模拟的适应性研究. 气象, 2008,34(增刊):271-279.
	LI Y, XUE C Y, LIU Y, YANG X G, WANG J, WANG E L. Adaptability of APSIM model to winter wheat growth simulation. Meteorological Monthly, 2008,34(Supplement):271-279. (in Chinese)
[27]	刘志娟, 杨晓光, 王静, 吕硕, 李克南, 荀欣, 王恩利. APSIM玉米模型在东北地区的适应性. 作物学报, 2012,38(4):740-746.
	LIU Z J, YANG X G, WANG J, LÜ S, LI K N, XUN X, WANG E L. Adaptability of APSIM Maize model in Northeast China. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2012,38(4):740-746. (in Chinese)
[28]	王静, 杨晓光, 吕硕, 刘志娟, 李克南, 荀欣, 刘园, 王恩利. 黑龙江省春玉米产量潜力及产量差的时空分布特征. 中国农业科学, 2012,45(10):1914-1925.
	WANG J, YANG X G, LÜ S, LIU Z J, LI K N, XUN X, LIU Y, WANG E L. Spatial-temporal characteristics of potential yields and yield gaps of spring maize in Heilongjiang province. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012,45(10):1914-1925. (in Chinese)
[29]	LOBELL D B, HAMMER G L, MCLEAN G. The critical role of extreme heat for maize production in the United States. Nature Climate Change, 2013,3(5):497-501.
[30]	KEATING B A, CARBERRY P S, HAMMER G L, PROBERT M E, ROBERTSON M J, HOLZWORTH D, HUTH N I, HARGREAVES J N G, MEINKE H, HOCHMAN Z, MCLEAN G, VERBURG K, SNOW V, DIMES J P, SILBURN M, WANG E. An overview of APSIM, a model designed for farming systems simulation. European Journal of Agronomy, 2003,18(3):267-288.
[31]	WALLACH D, GOFFINET B. Mean squared error of prediction in models for studying ecological and agronomic systems. Biometrics, 1987,43(3):561-573.
[32]	WILLMOTT C J. Some comments on the evaluation of model performance. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1982,63(11):1309-1313
[33]	曹卫星, 朱艳, 汤亮, 荆奇, 田永超, 姚霞, 刘小军. 数字农作技术. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008.
	CAO W X, ZHU Y, TANG L, JING Q, TIAN Y C, YAO X, LIU X J. Digital Farming Technology. Beijing: Science Press, 2008. (in Chinese)
[34]	曹彩云, 党红凯, 郑春莲, 郭丽, 马俊永, 李科江. 不同灌溉模式对小麦产量、耗水及水分利用效率的影响. 华北农学报, 2016,31(S1):17-24.
	CAO C Y, DANG H K, ZHENG C L, GUO L, MA J Y, LI K J. Effects of different irrigation regime on yield, water consumption and water use efficiency of winter wheat. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2016,31(S1):17-24. (in Chinese)
[35]	金欣欣, 张喜英, 陈素英, 孙宏勇, 王彦梅, 邵立威, 高丽娜. 不同灌溉次数和灌溉量对冬小麦氮素吸收转移的影响. 华北农学报, 2009,24(4):112-118.
	JIN X X, ZHANG X Y, CHEN S Y, SUN H Y, WANG Y M, SHAO L W, GAO L N. Effect of different irrigation frequency and amount on nitrogen uptake, translocation of winter wheat. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2009,24(4):112-118. (in Chinese)
[36]	陈林, 王磊, 宋乃平, 张庆霞, 裴雪雁. 灌溉量和灌溉次数对紫花苜蓿耗水特性和生物量的影响. 水土保持学报, 2009,23(4):91-95.
	CHEN L, WANG L, SONG N P, ZHANG Q X, PEI X Y. Effects of irrigation amount and times on water consumption characteristics and biomass of alfalfa. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 23(4):91-95. (in Chinese)
[37]	郭金路, 尹光华, 谷健, 刘作新. 基于CROPWAT模型的阜新地区春玉米灌溉制度的确定. 生态学杂志, 2016,35(12):3428-3434.
	GUO J L, YIN G H, GU J, LIU Z X. Determination of irrigation scheduling of spring maize in different hydrological years in Fuxin, Liaoning province based on CROPWAT model. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2016,35(12):3428-3434. (in Chinese)
[38]	李良涛, 毛振强, 牛灵安, 郝晋珉, 宇振荣. 基于作物生长模型的冬小麦灌溉方案研究. 灌溉排水学报, 2010,29(2):22-27.
	LI L T, MAO Z Q, NIU L A, HAO J M, YU Z R. Irrigation scenarios of winter wheat production aided by crop growth simulation model. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2010,29(2):22-27. (in Chinese)
[39]	宫亮, 孙文涛, 隽英华, 尹同波, 刘玉军. 补充灌溉对玉米生理指标及水分利用效率的影响. 节水灌溉, 2017(1):9-11, 15.
	GONG L, SUN W T, TUAN Y H, YIN T B, LIU Y J. Effects of supplementary irrigation on physiological indices and water use efficiency of maize. Water Saving Irrigation, 2017(1):9-11, 15. (in Chinese)

Related Articles 15

[1]	HU Sheng,LI YangYang,TANG ZhangLin,LI JiaNa,QU CunMin,LIU LieZhao. Genome-Wide Association Analysis of the Changes in Oil Content and Protein Content Under Drought Stress in Brassica napus L. [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 17-30.
[2]	XIONG WeiYi,XU KaiWei,LIU MingPeng,XIAO Hua,PEI LiZhen,PENG DanDan,CHEN YuanXue. Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Levels on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Spring Maize in Sichuan Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(9): 1735-1748.
[3]	GUO ShiBo,ZHANG FangLiang,ZHANG ZhenTao,ZHOU LiTao,ZHAO Jin,YANG XiaoGuang. The Possible Effects of Global Warming on Cropping Systems in China XIV. Distribution of High-Stable-Yield Zones and Agro-Meteorological Disasters of Soybean in Northeast China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(9): 1763-1780.
[4]	LI Qian,QIN YuBo,YIN CaiXia,KONG LiLi,WANG Meng,HOU YunPeng,SUN Bo,ZHAO YinKai,XU Chen,LIU ZhiQuan. Effect of Drip Fertigation Mode on Maize Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Economic Benefit [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1604-1616.
[5]	ZHANG JiaHua,YANG HengShan,ZHANG YuQin,LI CongFeng,ZHANG RuiFu,TAI JiCheng,ZHOU YangChen. Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Modes on Starch Accumulation and Activities of Starch Synthesis-Related Enzyme of Spring Maize Grain in Northeast China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(7): 1332-1345.
[6]	DONG SangJie,JIANG XiaoChun,WANG LingYu,LIN Rui,QI ZhenYu,YU JingQuan,ZHOU YanHong. Effects of Supplemental Far-Red Light on Growth and Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Pepper Seedlings [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(6): 1189-1198.
[7]	ZHANG JianJun, DANG Yi, ZHAO Gang, WANG Lei, FAN TingLu, LI ShangZhong. Influences of Mulching Periods and Nitrogen Application Rates on Maize Yield as well as Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies in Loess Plateau of Eastern Gansu Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(3): 479-490.
[8]	LI Ning,LIU Kun,LIU TongTong,SHI YuGang,WANG ShuGuang,YANG JinWen,SUN DaiZhen. Identification of Wheat Circular RNAs Responsive to Drought Stress [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4583-4599.
[9]	YIN YanYu,XING YuTong,WU TianFan,WANG LiYan,ZHAO ZiXu,HU TianRan,CHEN Yuan,CHEN Yuan,CHEN DeHua,ZHANG Xiang. Cry1Ac Protein Content Responses to Alternating High Temperature Regime and Drought and Its Physiological Mechanism in Bt Cotton [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4614-4625.
[10]	LIU Hao,PANG Jie,LI HuanHuan,QIANG XiaoMan,ZHANG YingYing,SONG JiaWen. Effects of Foliar-Spraying Selenium Coupled with Soil Moisture on the Yield and Quality of Tomato [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(22): 4433-4444.
[11]	LI Gang,BAI Yang,JIA ZiYing,MA ZhengYang,ZHANG XiangChi,LI ChunYan,LI Cheng. Phosphorus Altered the Response of Ionomics and Metabolomics to Drought Stress in Wheat Seedlings [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(2): 280-294.
[12]	XiaoFan LI,JingYi SHAO,WeiZhen YU,Peng LIU,Bin ZHAO,JiWang ZHANG,BaiZhao REN. Combined Effects of High Temperature and Drought on Yield and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Summer Maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(18): 3516-3529.
[13]	HOU HuiZhi,ZHANG XuCheng,YIN JiaDe,FANG YanJie,WANG HongLi,YU XianFeng,MA YiFan,ZHANG GuoPing,LEI KangNing. Effects of Deep and Layered Application of Reduced Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizer on Water, Nutrient Utilization and Yield of Spring Wheat in Rain-Fed Arid Area [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(17): 3289-3302.
[14]	RU Chen,HU XiaoTao,LÜ MengWei,CHEN DianYu,WANG WenE,SONG TianYuan. Effects of Nitrogen on Nitrogen Accumulation and Distribution, Nitrogen Metabolizing Enzymes, Protein Content, and Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat Under Heat and Drought Stress After Anthesis [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(17): 3303-3320.
[15]	MENG Yu,WEN PengFei,DING ZhiQiang,TIAN WenZhong,ZHANG XuePin,HE Li,DUAN JianZhao,LIU WanDai,FENG Wei. Identification and Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Wheat Varieties Based on Thermal Infrared Image [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(13): 2538-2551.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

气候区 Climate zone	站点 Station	≥10℃有效积温 Growth degree day ≥10℃		降水量 Precipitation		日照时数 Sunshine hour
气候区 Climate zone	站点 Station	37年平均值 37 year average (℃·d)	变化趋势 Trend (℃·d·(10a)^-1)	37年平均值 37 year average (mm)	变化趋势 Trend (mm·(10a)^-1)	37年平均值 37 year average (h)	变化趋势 Trend (h·(10a)^-1)
第一气候区 CZ1	克山 Keshan	1602	66**	419	-3**	1415	-35**
第三气候区 CZ3	哈尔滨 Haerbin	1743	101**	399	-3**	946	-25**
第五气候区 CZ5	白城 Baicheng	1772	80**	412	-3**	856	40**
第七气候区 CZ7	阜新 Fuxin	1999	23**	362	-8**	1028	3**
第九气候区 CZ9	锦州 Jinzhou	2024	68**	430	-7**	952	19**

气候区 Climate zone	项目 Item	验证评价指标 Validation
气候区 Climate zone	项目 Item	R²	RMSE	NRMSE (%)	D	MAE
第一气候区 CZ1	播种至开花天数Days from sowing to flowering (d)	0.83	2.3	3	0.94	2.17
	播种至成熟天数Days from sowing to maturity (d)	0.89	4.2	3	0.96	2.83
	产量Yield (t·hm^-2)	0.89	0.6	10	0.88	0.55
第三气候区 CZ3	播种至开花天数Days from sowing to flowering (d)	0.76	1.5	2	0.92	1.17
	播种至成熟天数Days from sowing to maturity (d)	0.80	2.8	2	0.93	2.17
	产量Yield (t·hm^-2)	0.60	0.6	10	0.81	0.65
第五气候区 CZ5	播种至开花天数Days from sowing to flowering (d)	0.92	1.5	2	0.96	1.17
	播种至成熟天数Days from sowing to maturity (d)	0.86	1.8	1	0.95	1.33
	产量Yield (t·hm^-2)	0.84	1.4	14	0.84	1.28
第七气候区 CZ7	播种至开花天数Days from sowing to flowering (d)	0.72	1.8	2	0.89	1.50
	播种至成熟天数Days from sowing to maturity (d)	0.84	3.0	2	0.90	2.17
	产量Yield (t·hm^-2)	0.90	0.9	15	0.81	0.86
第九气候区 CZ9	播种至开花天数Days from sowing to flowering (d)	0.91	2.0	2	0.93	1.67
	播种至成熟天数Days from sowing to maturity (d)	0.82	4.9	3	0.77	4.33
	产量Yield (t·hm^-2)	0.95	1.6	16	0.81	1.55

Analysis of Suitable Irrigation Schemes with High-Production and High-Efficiency for Spring Maize to Adapt to Climate Change in the West of Northeast China

RichHTML

PDF