Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 2164-2177.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.11.014

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Exogenous Citric Acids on Nutrient Activation of Calcareous Yellow Soil and Promotion effects of Nutrient Absorption and Growth of Rosa roxburghii Seedlings

GONG FangFang, FAN WeiGuo   

  1. Guizhou University/Guizhou Fruit Engineering Technology Research Centre, Guiyang 550025
  • Received:2017-10-12 Online:2018-06-01 Published:2018-06-01

Abstract: 【Objective】In order to provide a scientific basis for nutrient regulation of Rosa roxburghii culture in calcareous yellow soil of Guizhou Karst region, the effects of exogenous citric acid on the nutrient activation of calcareous yellow soil were analysed and the effects of exogenous citric acid on nutrient absorption and growth of Rosa roxburghii on calcareous yellow soil were explored.【Method】 Taking calcareous yellow soil and 'Guonong 5' Rosa roxburghii seedlings as materials,three treatments of citric acid 40mg, 80mg and 120mg per 1000g of dry soil were set up by pot experiment method. The available nutrients, microbial numbers, enzyme activities and low molecular organic acids of treated calcareous yellow soil, and on the parameters for nutrient uptake and growth of Rosa roxburghii seedling were measured. 【Result】 The application of exogenous citric acid to calcareous yellow soil showed that the pH of soil was obviously decreased, and the contents of available N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn and B were significantly increased. Among the three treatments, the contents of available P, K, Ca and B in the soil were the highest in 80 mg·kg-1 citric acid treatment, the effective content of N, Fe and Zn in soil were the highest in 120 mg·kg-1 citric acid treatment, but the contents of Mn and Cu in soil were significantly decreased, and the content of Mg was almost no change. The total number of bacteria and the numbers of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria in soils increased with the increasing of applied citric acid amount, and the numbers of fungi and actinomycetes decreased. The numbers of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-dissolving bacteria were the largest under the treatment of 80 mg·kg-1 citric acid. The activities of soil enzymes were significantly enhanced after application of exogenous citric acid in limestone yellow soil, and the activities of alkaline soil phosphatase, protease and sucrase were highest in the treatment of 80 mg·kg-1 citric acid, and the activities of urease, nitrate reductase and the activity of iron reductase increased with the increasing of citric acid application, and the amylase activity decreased with the increasing of citric acid application. The contents of citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and acetic acid in the soil increased obviously after exogenous citric acid was applied to calcareous yellow soil, and the contents of tartaric acid, malic acid and total content of organic acid were the highest in treatment of 80 mg·kg-1 citric acid, the contents of oxalic acid in all treatments were significantly lower than the control. After exogenous citric acid application on the calcareous yellow soil, the uptaking ratio of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and B for Rosa roxburghi seedlings were significantly increased, and the highest value was measured under 80 mg·kg-1 citric acid concentration. The absorption of Cu for Rosa roxburghi seedlings showed no significant change with the increasing of exogenous citric acid. Exogenous citric acid application significantly reduced the content of citric acid and oxalic acid in roots of Rosa roxburghi seedlings. The applications  increased the root activity and the contents of malic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid and succinic acid, and also significantly increased the activities of nitrate reductase, alkaline phosphatase, secreted alkaline phosphatase, iron reductase and glutamine synthetase (P<0.05). Among three treatments, the activities of root vitality, alkaline phosphatase, glutamine synthetase and exudative alkaline phosphatase were the strongest under the treatment of 80 mg·kg-1 citric acid. The activities of nitrate reductase and iron reductase were increased with the increasing of citric acid application. The growth, root development and root morphology of Rosa roxburghi seedlings were significantly improved with all three exogenous citric acid treatments, and the largest biomass and plant height, root and shoot ratio, total root surface area, total volume and total root tip number were foundin 80 mg·kg-1 citric acid-treated seedlings, and the above indexes were significantly larger than those of the control (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 The application of exogenous citric acid to calcareous yellow soil with pH higher than 8 can improve the soil ecological environment and activate soil nutrients. It can enhance the activity of various soil enzymes and increase the contents of tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid and acetic acid and total bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, and promote the growth of Rosa roxburghi seedling.

Key words: citric acid; calcareous yellow soil, nutrient activation, Rosa roxburghi, nutrient absorption, growth

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