播期对夏谷幼穗分化及叶龄指数的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.04.002

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The panicle differentiation of summer-sowing foxtail millet and its relationship with leaf number index were investigated under different sowing times, so as to provide an application basis for millet production and growth simulation.【Method】Summer-sowing foxtail millet varieties Jigu 16 with sethoxydim resistance and Jigu 18 with waxy endosperm were used as materials, which were planted in plots in the order of sowing time in Jinan Experiment Station of Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Eight sowing treatments were applied during April 29 to July 8, 2015 at the interval of 10 days. Plant density was set at 600 000/hm2. One hundred and twenty uniform seedlings at five-leaf stage were tagged in each plot for sampling. Thereafter, 3 to 5 plants were sampled at the interval of 1 to 2 days until heading. The young leaves were deliberately stripped till the young inflorescence fully presented under the OLYMPUS SXZ16 digital stereoscopic microscope to observe the morphological development of young inflorescence, and the leaf number and leaf number index were determined at different stages. The total leaf number was recorded at mature stage.【Result】The sowing date and varieties had no effect on the development pattern and morphological characteristics of the panicle differentiation in summer-sowing foxtail millet. Based on panicle differentiation characteristics of vegetative stage, elongation stage, panicle branch differentiation stage, spikelet and bristles protuberances stage and gynoecium and stamen formation stages, the young panicle development process was clearly and systematically characterized by referring series pictures of Jigu 16 panicle differentiation. The influence of sowing date on foxtail millet was predominantly incurred by the starting date and lasting time of young panicle differentiation. With sowing date delayed, the starting date of panicle differentiation was advanced from 32 days to 22 days after germination compared the earliest sowing treatment with the latest sowing treatment. The lasting time of panicle differentiation process was shortened from 28 days to 19 days. And the growth duration was from 109 days to 83 days. The changing tendency of leaf number and leaf number index showed a significant difference at each panicle differentiation stage, and the relationship of panicle differentiation stage with corresponding leaf number index was relatively stable in various sowing treatments. The regression analysis showed significant differences and positive linear correlation at 0.01 level between the panicle differentiation stage and leaf number index for each variety in different sowing treatments. The value of R2 was in the range of 0.977 to 0.997. The linear regression formula of young panicle differentiation stage (Y) to leaf number index (X) was as follows: Y= bX+a, and the linear regression relationship of panicle differentiation stage with leaf number index could not be expressed by a same formula for Jigu 16 and Jigu 18 with different sowing times.【Conclusion】The development pattern of panicle differentiation of two summer-sowing foxtail millet varieties was basically similar, however, the influence of sowing dates on panicle differentiation was different. The time difference of panicle differentiation stages caused by sowing date primarily determined the growth duration. Panicle differentiation stages of foxtail millet could be forecasted according to leaf number indexes.

Key words: foxtail millet, panicle differentiation, leaf number index, sowing date

LI GuoYu, CONG XinJun, QIN Ling, ZOU RenFeng, YANG YanBing, YAN LiMei, CHEN ErYing, LI Ni, GUAN YanAn. Effects of Sowing Dates on Panicle Differentiation and Leaf Number Index of Summer-Sowing Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.][J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(4): 612-624.

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