不同种植年限设施菜地土壤微生物量和群落结构的差异

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.18.007

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This paper mainly studied the changes in soil microbial biomass and community structure with cultivation chronosequence of greenhouse vegetables, and explored the reason and mechanism of soil degradation under highly-intensified land use. The results would provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for soil quality maintenance and sustainable utilization of farmland. 【Method】 In this study, 0-20 cm soils were collected in 3 a, 6 a and 10 a greenhouse vegetable cultivation converted from rice-wheat rotation farmland in Changshu city, Jiangsu Province, with the adjacent rice-wheat rotation farmland as control. Soil nutrients, microbial biomass and microbial community diversity were measured. 【Result】 Soil in 3 a greenhouse vegetable cultivation converted from rice-wheat rotation farmland had rich microbial diversity and high nutrient contents. While soil in 6 a greenhouse vegetable cultivation showed significant acidification and microbial diversity decrease and nutrient accumulation. From 3 a to 10 a greenhouse vegetable cultivation, the available nitrogen increased by 66.1% and the available phosphorus increased by 97.2%. Soil pH in 3 a greenhouse vegetable cultivation was neutral, while that in 6 a cultivation was significantly to be acidic. Soil microbial biomass C and microbial quotient in 3 a greenhouse vegetable cultivation were higher than those in 6 a and 10 a cultivation. BIOLOG analysis showed that AWCD value and microbial diversity index in the soil of 3 a greenhouse vegetable cultivation were the highest among all treatments, which means the maximum absorption and utilization for carbon sources. PLFA analysis showed that soil in 3 a greenhouse vegetable cultivation had highest total PLFA concentrations in microorganisms and bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, while those in 10 a cultivation significantly decreased by 27.4%, 21.8%, 42.7%, and 49.4% (P＜0.05), respectively. Principal component analysis showed that the diversity of microbial community structure had changed significantly.【Conclusion】The soil microbial properties changed significantly with cultivation years of greenhouse vegetable. In a 3 a of greenhouse vegetable cultivation, high amount of fertilizer application would increase soil microbial biomass and community diversity. In case it extended to 6 a cultivation soil pH and microbial diversity obviously decreased and soil biological quality degraded significantly. The rational application of fertilizer should be emphasized to prevent soil degradation.

Key words: soil nutrient, microbial biomass, microbial quotient, microbial community structure

SONG Meng-ya, LI Zhong-pei, WU Meng, LIU Ming, JIANG Chun-yu. Changes in Soil Microbial Biomass and Community Structure with Cultivation Chronosequence of Greenhouse Vegetables[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(18): 3635-3644.

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