Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2012, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 414-425.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.03.002

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Genetic Analysis of the Characteristics and Geographic Differentiation of Chinese Wild Soybean Population

 FAN  Hu, ZHAO  Tuan-Jie, DING  Yan-Lai, XING  Guang-南, GAI  Jun-Yi   

  1. 1.南京农业大学大豆研究所/农业部大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/国家大豆改良中心/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室，南京 210095
  • Received:2011-07-29 Online:2012-02-01 Published:2011-11-09

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of the present study was to explore the genetic characteristics, linkage disequilibrium (LD) and genetic mechanism of geographic differentiation of the Chinese wild soybean population, and based on it, the geographic differentiation mechanism of days to maturity, the key geographic-ecological trait, is to be revealed. 【Method】 A sample composed of 174 accessions of wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.) from all growing areas (24 provinces) in China was established as the representative population of the Chinese wild soybean. The genotyping data of 204 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers on 174 accessions were obtained and analyzed for LD among marker pairs and the genetic structure of the population by using the TASSEL and STRUCTURE 2.2 program. Based on it, the genetic mechanism of the geographic differentiation of the population, the characteristics of the geographic subpopulations, and geographic differentiation of alleles of loci related to days to maturity were studied. 【Result】 There showed a plenty of genetic diversity in the Chinese wild soybean population and showed relatively larger average number of alleles and genetic differentiation on Linkage group (LG) I and C2 than others among the 20 LGs. Different LD degrees were detected not only among syntenic marker pairs but also among nonsyntenic pairs, suggesting there had been historical recombination among linkage groups. The average D′ was 0.34 for the population, larger than the previously reported value for cultivated soybean (G. max (L.) Merr.), implying more recombination occurred in the history and therefore higher LD values remained at present. The population was classified into four subpopulations according to H-W model-clustering analysis which was not completely but somewhat consistent with the geographic classification, indicating multiple migrations among eco-regions happened in the long history. There showed a great deal of allelic differentiation among the geographic subpopulations, including changes of allelic frequencies, new outcome of alleles and extinct of old alleles due to the long term natural selection. For the key geographic-ecological trait of the wild population, days to maturity, 160 alleles on 15 loci were detected, among them, 58 alleles from 14 loci were subpopulation-specific. Even multiple subpopulation-specific alleles of a same locus happened on each of the four subpopulations. The allelic genetic effects varied in a systematic decrease from the south to the north, which indicates not only strong but also systematic genetic differentiation among ecological subpopulations happened in the history for the trait. 【Conclusion】 The Chinese wild soybean population is characterized by higher genetic diversity and higher syntenic and nonsytenic LD. Among the four geographic subpopulations, there happened great genetic differentiation, which caused outcomes of subpopulation-specific alleles. The genetic differentiation of the key geographic-ecological trait, days to maturity, is characterized by not only strong but also systematic decrease of allelic effect from the south to the north.

Key words: wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.), simple-sequence repeat (SSR), linkage disequilibrium (LD), population structure, geographic differentiation, genetic differentiation of days to maturity

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