不同甘蔗品种/系脱叶性综合评价及叶鞘离区细胞形态和生理差异分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.15.006

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to evaluate the defoliation ability of 56 sugarcane varieties/lines, to identity the germplasm with easy defoliation, and to elucidate the cellular morphological and physiological basis of sugarcane defoliation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the regulatory mechanism of sugarcane defoliation.【Method】The natural defoliation number, total number of nodes, natural defoliation rate, leaf sheath inclination angle (+8, +9, +10 leaf position) and defoliation force of 56 sugarcane varieties/lines were systematically investigated, and defoliation ability was comprehensively evaluated by entropy weight method and hierarchical cluster analysis. The base of the leaf sheath abscission zone at +2, +5 and +8 leaf positions of the easy-to-defoliate sugarcane variety XTT20 and the hard-to-defoliate sugarcane variety YAU11-818 were analyzed by combining paraffin sections,enzyme activities and endogenous hormone content the cell morphology and physiological basis of sugarcane defoliation.【Result】Entropy weight analysis showed that the comprehensive score of defoliation of 56 sugarcane varieties/lines ranged from 0.001 to 0.978. Systematic cluster analysis divided the 56 sugarcane varieties/lines into 3 groups, including 3 easily-defoliation varieties (XTT20, XTT22, YAU01-106), 7 difficult-to-defoliation lines, and 46 medium defoliation varieties/lines, accounting for 5.36%, 12.50% and 82.14% of the total number of varieties/lines, respectively. Compared with the difficult-to-defoliation line YAU11-818, the easily-defoliation variety XTT20 had a higher natural defoliation rate, larger leaf sheath inclination angle and smaller defoliation force; The cells in the leaf sheath abscission zone of the +8 leaf position of the defoliant varieties were more loosely arranged, the cell density was relatively low, and the cell degradation was larger, the percentage of aerated tissue area was significantly higher than that of the difficult-to-defoliation line (14.54% increase), and the difference between different leaf positions was significant (+8 leaf position increased by 16.97% compared to +5 leaf position). In addition, the polygalacturonase activity, cellulase activity and abscisic acid (ABA) content in +8 leaf sheath of XTT20 were significantly higher than those of YAU11-818. On the contrary, the content of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was higher in the difficult-to-defoliation line YAU11-818.【Conclusion】The degree of abscission zone and defoliation ability of +8 leaf sheaths at the maturity stage of sugarcane may be related to the activity of polygalacturonase, cellulase activity, peroxidase activity, ethylene synthesis precursors, abscisic acid, auxin content, etc., which can provide a reference for the identification of defoliation of sugarcane varieties.

Key words: sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), defoliation, comprehensive evaluation, abscission zone, cell morphology

DING Qian, HE LiLian, QIAN ZhenFeng, WU QiBin, ZHAO ChangZu, LIN PeiXia, NONG WeiYou, WANG YuJie, ZHANG YuanYuan, QUE YouXiong, LI FuSheng. Comprehensive Evaluation of Defoliation Ability of Different Sugarcane Varieties/Lines and Analysis of Cell Morphology and Physiological Differences in Leaf Sheath Abscission Zone[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(15): 3315-3327.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Leaf shedding related traits in 56 sugarcane varieties (lines)"

品种/系 Vareity/line	叶鞘倾角Sheath inclination (°)			脱叶力Defoliation force (N)			自然落叶数 Naturally defoliated leave	总节数 Total node	自然脱叶率Natural defoliation rate (%)
品种/系 Vareity/line	+8	+9	+10	+8	+9	+10	自然落叶数 Naturally defoliated leave	总节数 Total node	自然脱叶率Natural defoliation rate (%)
YAU01-106	7.8	12.3	15.2	21.7	7.1	3.8	0.67	16.33	4.44
XTT22	14.4	24.2	27.0	35.7	16.6	3.9	0.67	17.33	3.92
XTT20	15.5	22.4	26.7	13.1	5.2	3.7	0.67	15.67	4.31
YAU11-810	0	0	0	155.3	134.0	128.7	0	17.67	0
YAU11-818	0	0	0	145.8	169.7	136.1	0	14.67	0
CP65-557	13.8	9.7	12.0	17.6	19.9	12.7	0	17.33	0
YAU19-6	7.2	12.8	18.1	54.3	31.4	15.8	0	16.00	0
YAU16-16	11.5	11.9	14.3	12.0	9.9	2.5	0	13.67	0
YAU01-58	0.7	1.1	2.4	96.5	63.1	54.0	0	17.00	0
YAU01-104	0	0.2	0.2	76.4	71.9	25.2	0	15.00	0
YAU09-38	5.2	6.5	7.0	27.7	9.3	7.0	0	14.67	0
YAU17-2	0.8	1.9	3.3	69.5	47.2	40.5	0	17.67	0
YAU18-1	2.5	3.6	5.3	57.9	45.1	25.4	0.33	16.33	1.75
YAU19-3	3.1	5.1	7.7	53.2	20.8	11.4	0.33	16.00	2.38
YAU19-7	1.6	2.9	4.4	152.7	119.5	33.2	0	17.33	0
YAU19-9	6.4	6.9	8.8	33.8	18.2	10.2	0.33	14.33	2.38
YAU19-17	4.8	4.3	4.4	116.1	81.4	45.2	0	13.00	0
YAU19-19	0	0	0.2	77.0	67.1	55.9	0	16.00	0
YAU19-30	0	0	0.1	108.4	80.5	74.6	0	18.00	0
YAU19-1	4.9	9.4	16.1	78.5	42.1	33.3	0	15.33	0
YAU19-11	0.1	1.7	3.1	137.7	106.2	86.9	0	14.33	0
YAU19-14	1.3	14.8	21.2	74.6	48.3	27.0	0	16.00	0
YAU19-16	0.7	1.5	6.2	94.4	47.1	19.5	0	15.00	0
YAU02-277	1.5	2.6	4.7	45.4	26.6	11.5	0	15.67	0
YAU19-18	6.2	7.0	7.9	62.3	28.0	33.2	0	14.33	0
YAU19-2	3.6	6.3	12.3	52.3	52.5	44.3	0	16.33	0
YAU19-20	2.4	2.1	2.7	73.6	39.1	16.7	0	15.00	0
YAU19-25	0.6	1.3	2.3	91.3	47.9	20.9	0	14.67	0
YAU19-26	0	0	0.7	66.7	35.9	26.2	0	16.00	0
YAU19-8	0	0.1	6.6	68.3	54.7	44.1	0	15.33	0
YAU19-38	0.1	0.1	2.2	64.3	50.3	10.5	0	17.33	0
YAU16-10	0.5	2.7	4.2	58.1	48.7	9.5	0	14.67	0
YAU10-1	0.5	0.1	1.5	89.0	62.6	20.2	0	14.67	0
YAU01-52	0	0	0.2	53.9	49.7	18.4	0	15.33	0
YAU01-47	0	0	1.1	64.6	28.8	18.7	0	15.33	0
YAU01-64	0	0.1	0.8	91.3	58.0	22.7	0	15.33	0
YAU16-17	0	0.1	0.8	112.3	94.0	49.3	0	19.33	0
YAU16-19	0	0.2	6.6	107.9	104.2	87.1	0	16.33	0
YAU04-14	0	0.1	0.4	31.4	29.3	19.7	0	15.00	0
YAU04-429	0.1	1.4	1.5	107.8	79.8	66.5	0	16.00	0
YAU02-38	0	0.3	1.6	74.2	74.2	63.3	0	16.67	0
XTT10	0.1	0.3	0.4	84.2	107.7	65.4	0	16.33	0
XTT16	2.5	2.9	3.5	73.1	60.0	9.7	0.33	16.33	1.96
YC89-9	0	1.5	1.9	36.4	48.1	28.0	0	14.33	0
GT 11	0.9	0.9	3.5	122.4	76.8	60.9	0	19.00	0
YT93-159	2.5	6.7	10.6	87.8	45.3	14.8	0	14.67	0
YT86-368	2.4	1.3	1.3	41.7	66.8	28.9	0.33	16.33	2.08
YAU11-726	0	0.2	3.0	28.1	45.3	25.1	0	16.67	0
YAU11-736	1.4	1.9	0.8	58.7	49.4	51.8	0.33	18.33	1.85
YAU11-832	0	1.6	4.0	97.8	39.3	31.5	0.33	16.67	2.08
YAU11-728	0	0	0	95.0	34.5	27.4	0	16.00	0
YAU11-732	0	0	0	154.7	114.0	89.6	0	17.33	0
YAU11-718	0	0	0	103.1	131.6	39.4	0	17.00	0
YAU97-191	0	0	0	52.1	28.2	64.3	0	20.33	0
LH78-121	1.7	2.7	6.9	83.5	35.7	11.4	0	16.00	0
YAU19-216	2.4	2.1	2.7	73.6	39.1	16.7	0	15.00	0
均值 Mean	2.4	3.6	5.4	75.3	56.2	35.8	0.08	16.04	0.48

Table 1

Table 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

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Comprehensive Evaluation of Defoliation Ability of Different Sugarcane Varieties/Lines and Analysis of Cell Morphology and Physiological Differences in Leaf Sheath Abscission Zone

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排名Ranking	品种Variety	综合得分Comprehensive score	排名Ranking	品种Variety	综合得分Comprehensive score
1	XTT20	0.978	29	YAU19-8	0.050
2	XTT22	0.951	30	YC89-9	0.047
3	YAU01-106	0.809	31	YAU19-25	0.046
4	YAU19-9	0.463	32	YAU11-726	0.045
5	YAU19-3	0.412	33	GT 11	0.042
6	XTT16	0.346	34	YAU01-58	0.042
7	YAU18-1	0.345	35	YAU16-19	0.039
8	YT86-368	0.338	36	YAU19-38	0.038
9	YAU11-832	0.319	37	YAU04-14	0.036
10	YAU11-736	0.312	38	YAU10-1	0.035
11	CP65-557	0.277	39	YAU01-47	0.033
12	YAU16-16	0.276	40	YAU19-11	0.031
13	YAU19-6	0.243	41	YAU04-429	0.031
14	YAU19-14	0.200	42	YAU19-26	0.030
15	YAU19-1	0.187	43	YAU01-52	0.030
16	YAU19-18	0.160	44	YAU02-38	0.029
17	YAU09-38	0.152	45	YAU97-191	0.028
18	YAU19-2	0.145	46	YAU01-64	0.027
19	YT93-159	0.127	47	YAU01-104	0.026
20	YAU19-17	0.106	48	YAU11-728	0.024
21	LH78-121	0.084	49	YAU19-19	0.023
22	YAU02-277	0.080	50	XTT10	0.023
23	YAU19-20	0.074	51	YAU16-17	0.020
24	YAU19-216	0.074	52	YAU19-30	0.016
25	YAU16-10	0.065	53	YAU11-718	0.016
26	YAU19-16	0.062	54	YAU11-732	0.007
27	YAU19-7	0.059	55	YAU11-810	0.003
28	YAU17-2	0.057	56	YAU11-818	0.001

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