温光互作对棉花不同空间部位纤维品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.05.04

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for taking suitable cultivation measures to reduce the decrease extent of fiber quality caused by inappropriate temperature and solar radiation during flowering and boll-forming stage.【Method】The field experiment was carried out in Nanjing with two cotton cultivars (temperature-insensitive cultivar Kemian 1 and temperature-sensitive cultivar Sumian 15). Three sowing dates (25-Apr, 25-May and 10-Jun) and three relative light rates (CRLR100%, 80%, and 60%) were set, thus cotton fiber development and the quality formation can be arranged at different temperature-light (PTP) conditions and different fruiting branch positions.【Result】During the flowering and boll-forming stages, difference in cotton fiber quality was mainly caused by mean daily temperature, mean daily maximum temperature, mean daily minimum temperature and photosynthetic active radiation, which were all reduced with the increase of fruiting branch or fruiting position. Micronaire was the most sensitive fiber quality index to the change of meteorological conditions, followed by fiber strength and fiber length. Cotton fiber length, strength and micronaire were quadratic with PTP. The theoretical maximum value of fiber quality at the 1st and 2nd fruiting positions was highest on the middle fruiting branches (6th to 8th node), followed by the low fruiting branches (2nd to 4th node) and the upper fruiting branches (10th to 12th node); and they were higher than those at the 3rd or greater fruiting positions. Range of optimum PTP for greater fiber quality (reach A grade and AA grade) was broader on the 1st and 2nd fruiting positions of the 6th to 8th fruiting branches. And the range of optimum PTP for fiber quality of temperature-sensitive cultivar was smaller than temperature-insensitive cultivar. Fiber strength was the main restrictive factor to achieving fiber quality with A grade for a smaller range of optimum PTP. Fiber strength and micronaire were the restrictive factors to achieving fiber quality with AA grade because that ranges of optimum PTP for fiber strength and micronaire with AA grade were different. The fiber quality reached A gradewhen PTP was in183.5-633.7 MJ?m^-2 (Kemian 1) and 229.0-589.6 MJ?m^-2 (Sumian 15) and reached AA gradewhen PTP was in 304.7-452.9 MJ?m^-2 (Kemian 1) and 346.6-357.8 MJ?m^-2 (Sumian 15). The CRLR60% treatment of 10-Jun did not reach A grade due to the lack of PTP. And among all of the treatments, only CRLR80% and CRLR60% treatments of 25-Apr and CRLR80% treatment of 25-May reached AA grade.【Conclusion】 Fiber quality indexes have different optimum PTP ranges, and fiber strength and micronaire are the restrictive factors to achieving quality cotton with A grade and AA grade. Delayed the sowing date (25-May) and lowed the light appropriately are benefit to formation high fiber quality.

Key words: cotton, temperature-light factors, spatial positions, fiber quality

ZHANG Xin-xin, CHEN Ji, LIU Jing-ran, Lü Feng-juan, MA Yi-na, WANG You-hua, ZHOU Zhi-guo, CHEN Bing-lin. Effects of Temperature-Light Factor on Cotton Fiber Qualities at Different Spatial Fruiting Branch Positions[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(5): 861-871.

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