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Nitrification of Main Soils in China and Its Relationship with Soil Properties

BAOJun-dan;SHIMei;ZHANGMei-ting;LIANGDong-li;WUXiong-ping   

  1. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
  • Received:2010-07-08 Online:2011-04-02 Published:2010-09-01

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Abstract: 【Objective】The correlation between nitrification characteristics and soil properties of thirteen main soil types in China were studied to lay a theoretical basis for the nitrogen management and environmental protection. 【Method】The changes of nitrate and ammonium contents in soil with time were determined during the process of nitrification under urea rate 0.2 g N·kg-1, moisture content 60% WHC, and temperature 25℃ in the laboratory incubation condition. The equation, NtNO=SNO /[1+EXP (a-bt)], was used to express the accumulation of nitrate with time. The maximal soil nitrification rate Kmax and nitrification time t0 were derived from the equation and used to characterize quantitatively the nitrification process in different soils. 【Result】Among tested soils, Kmax of Cumulic cinnamon soil was the highest, Loess soil was the next, and the lowest was Lateritic soil. The paddy soil had the biggest t0 , brown soil and moisture soil were the next, savanna red soil and Yuguan soil had the smallest t0. Soil Kmax had a pronounced positive correlation with soil CaCO3 contents and soil pH (P＜0.05)，but t0 was negatively correlated with soil pH(P＜0.05). Through path analysis the calcium carbonate content was the major factor influencing Kmax, and pH affects Kmax through the indirect effects of other factors. With respect to direct effect in the path analysis, soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of soil had the most significant influence on Kmax.【Conclusion】Soil pH is the major influencing factor on t0, and soil CEC, amorphous iron and calcium carbonate content are the next, while the urea active, soil organic matter content, total nitrogen content and clay content have the least influence on t0.

Key words: nitrification , maximal nitrification rate (Kmax) , maximal nitrification time (t0) , soil properties

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