草原蘑菇圈对生态系统碳、水通量特征的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.09.010

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (9): 1804-1815.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.09.010

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇下一篇

草原蘑菇圈对生态系统碳、水通量特征的影响

吐地·依米提¹(), 于洪亮², 王旭²(), 平晓燕¹(), 吴宜倩², 王崇伟²

¹ 北京林业大学草业与草原学院，北京 100083
² 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室/呼伦贝尔草原生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，北京 100081

收稿日期:2024-07-23 接受日期:2025-01-14 出版日期:2025-05-01 发布日期:2025-05-08
通信作者:
王旭，E-mail：wangxu01@caas.cn。
平晓燕，E-mail：pingxy@bjfu.edu.cn
联系方式: 吐地·依米提，E-mail：1586136906@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171567); 国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1300502)

Effects of Fairy Rings on Carbon and Water Fluxes in Hulunbuir Meadow Steppe

TUDI YIMITI¹(), YU HongLiang², WANG Xu²(), PING XiaoYan¹(), WU YiQian², WANG ChongWei²

¹ School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083
² Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China/National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, Beijing 100081

Received:2024-07-23 Accepted:2025-01-14 Published:2025-05-01 Online:2025-05-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究草原蘑菇圈植被、土壤空间异质性及其对生态系统碳、水交换特征的影响。【方法】利用Licor-6400和静态明/暗箱组成的测量系统，测定植物群落碳水通量不同组分，包括净生态系统碳交换量（NEE）、生态系统呼吸（ER）和蒸散发（ET），并估算草原生态系统总初级生产力（GPP）、碳利用效率（CUE）、水分利用效率（WUE）。【结果】蘑菇圈圈上(绿草环)植物主要以禾本科（Gramineae）、莎草科（Cyperaceae）和菊科（Asteraceae）为主，圈上物种数和多样性指数显著小于圈内和圈外（P<0.05）。圈上地上生物量（324.72 g·m^-2）显著高于圈内（184.66 g·m^-2）和圈外（194.86 g·m^-2）,而圈上地下生物量（340.55 g·m^-2）小于圈内（508.29 g·m^-2）和圈外（394.77 g·m^-2）。圈上根冠比显著低于圈内和圈外（P<0.05），这可能与蘑菇圈圈上速效养分的累积效应有关。圈上土壤全氮（STN）、有机碳（SOC）、速效钾（SAK）、速效磷（SAP）、铵态氮（SAN）和硝态氮（SNN）的平均含量不同程度高于圈内和圈外。草原蘑菇圈圈上GPP、NEE均显著大于圈内和圈外（P<0.05），圈上ER、ET、CUE和WUE均高于圈内和圈外，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。碳水通量组分GPP、NEE、ER、ET与地上生物量存在不同程度的正相关关系，CUE和WUE与土壤养分呈不同程度正相关关系。【结论】蘑菇圈真菌发育过程改变草原群落结构特征和土壤养分空间格局，蘑菇圈真菌驱动作用的土壤“施肥效应”是导致蘑菇圈不同圈层结构碳水通量组分和碳水利用效率空间异质性的根本原因。

关键词: 草原生态系统, 蘑菇圈, 净生态系统碳交换量, 总初级生产力, 碳利用效率, 水分利用效率

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation and soil in the grassland fairy ring and its influence on the ecosystem carbon and water exchange characteristics. 【Method】 Using a measurement system consisting of Licor-6400 and static bright/dark boxes, the different components of plant community carbon and water fluxes were determined, including net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE), ecosystem respiration (ER), and evapotranspiration (ET), and estimated grassland ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP), carbon utilization efficiency (CUE), and water utilization efficiency (WUE). 【Result】 Plants on the fairy ring (green grass ring) were mainly dominated by Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Asteraceae, and the number of species and diversity index on the ring were significantly smaller than those inside and outside the ring (P<0.05). The above-ground biomass on the ring (324.72 g·m^-2) was significantly higher than those inside (184.66 g·m^-2) and outside (194.86 g·m^-2); while the below-ground biomass on the ring (340.55 g·m^-2) was smaller than those inside (508.29 g·m^-2) and outside (394.77 g·m^-2), and the root shoot ratio of the ring was significantly lower than that outside of the ring (P<0.05), which might be related to the cumulative effect of soil available nutrient on the fairy ring. The average contents of soil total nitrogen (STN), soil organic carbon (SOC), soil available potassium (SAK), soil available phosphorus (SAP), soil ammonium nitrogen (SAN) and soil nitrate nitrogen (SNN) were higher than those in and out of the ring to different degrees. GPP and NEE were significantly greater on the grassland fairy ring than in and out of the ring (P<0.05), and ER, ET, CUE and WUE were higher on the ring than in and out of the ring too, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). Carbohydrate flux components GPP, NEE, ER and ET were positively correlated with above-ground biomass to different degrees; CUE and WUE were positively correlated with soil nutrients to different degrees. 【Conclusion】 The developmental process of fairy ring fungi changed the structural characteristics of grassland communities and the spatial pattern of soil nutrients, and the soil “fertilization effect” driven by fairy ring fungi was the fundamental reason for the spatial heterogeneity of carbon and water flux fractions and carbon and water use efficiencies in different layers of the fairy ring.

Key words: grassland ecosystem, fairy ring, net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE), gross primary productivity (GPP), carbon utilization efficiency (CUE), water use efficiency (WUE)

吐地·依米提, 于洪亮, 王旭, 平晓燕, 吴宜倩, 王崇伟. 草原蘑菇圈对生态系统碳、水通量特征的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(9): 1804-1815.

TUDI YIMITI, YU HongLiang, WANG Xu, PING XiaoYan, WU YiQian, WANG ChongWei. Effects of Fairy Rings on Carbon and Water Fluxes in Hulunbuir Meadow Steppe[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1804-1815.

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位置 Zone	土壤全氮 STN (g·kg^-1)	土壤有机碳 SOC (g·kg^-1)	土壤速效钾 SAK (mg·kg^-1)	土壤速效磷 SAP (mg·kg^-1)	土壤铵态氮 SAN (mg·kg^-1)	土壤硝态氮 SNN (mg·kg^-1)
圈内IN	3.77±0.11a	28.13±1.67a	146.28±9.37a	3.00±0.11b	19.71±2.38a	5.73±0.51a
圈上ON	3.92±0.13a	28.88±1.39a	169.55±10.51a	4.07±0.29a	24.03±3.30a	7.34±0.72a
圈外OU	3.74±0.15a	28.02±1.51a	162.96±13.73a	2.88±0.17b	16.80±1.96a	6.63±0.85a

草原蘑菇圈对生态系统碳、水通量特征的影响

Effects of Fairy Rings on Carbon and Water Fluxes in Hulunbuir Meadow Steppe

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