Please wait a minute...
Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2019, Vol. 18 Issue (7): 1436-1442    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62579-7
Special Focus: Animal influenza virus Advanced Online Publication | Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Identification of an H1N1 subtype of swine influenza virus and serological analysis
SUN Fa-chao*, TAN Min*, ZHANG Yuan-chao, WANG Yu-chao, CAO Sheng-liang, DING Guo-fei, CONG Fang-yuan, GUO Li-hong, LIU Si-dang, XIAO Yi-hong  
Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention/Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, P.R.China
Download:  PDF in ScienceDirect  
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
Abstract  
To investigate the epizootic of swine influenza virus (SIV), 60 nasal swabs were collected from a clinical cases of pig farm in Tai’an City, Shandong Province of China in April 2017.  SIV was isolated by inoculating into 10-day-old Special Pathogen Free embryonated eggs and the whole genome was sequenced.  An H1N1 subtype SIV was isolated and designated as A/swine/Shandong/TA04/2017(H1N1).  Phylogenetic analysis showed that apart from the polymerase A (PA) fragment belonging to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 branch, seven genome segments belonged to avian-like H1N1 influenza virus lineage.  The cleavage site sequence of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein was PSIQSR↓G, which is a typical molecular biological characteristic.  Five potential N-glycosylation sites (N14, N26, N277, N484 and N543) were found in the HA gene.  To further investigate the epidemiology of SIV in this farm, the 995 serum samples were assessed with EAH1N1 2009 pandemic H1N1 and H3N2 antigens.  The results showed that the total positive rate was 65.43%.  The positive rates of single virus infection detected by EAH1N1, 2009pdmH1N1 and H3N2 for serum HI (Hemagglutination inhibition) were 48.35, 30.85 and 7.47%, respectively.  The results showed that SIV in Shandong Province has been reassorted in some segments and the SIV-positive rate was high on the SIV outbreak farm.  These data provide evidence of an epizootic of SIV.
Keywords:  SIV        H1N1 subtype        genetic analysis        molecular feature        serology  
Received: 25 July 2018   Online: 19 November 2018   Accepted:
Fund: The authors are thankful for the grant of the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0500201) and the Shandong “Double Tops” Program, China.
Corresponding Authors:  Correspondence XIAO Yi-hong, Tel: +86-538-8242478, E-mail: xiaoyihong01@163.com    
About author:  SUN Fa-chao, E-mail: 825024207@qq.com; TAN Min, E-mail: 15588515977@163.com; * These authors contributed equally to this study.

Cite this article: 

SUN Fa-chao, TAN Min, ZHANG Yuan-chao, WANG Yu-chao, CAO Sheng-liang, DING Guo-fei, CONG Fang-yuan, GUO Li-hong, LIU Si-dang, XIAO Yi-hong. 2019. Identification of an H1N1 subtype of swine influenza virus and serological analysis. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18(7): 1436-1442.

Brown I H. 2000. The epidemiology and evolution of influenza viruses in pigs. Veterinary Microbiology, 74, 29–46.
Brown I H. 2013. History and epidemiology of swine influenza in Europe. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 370, 133–146.
Brown I H, Ludwig S, Olsen C W, Hannoun C, Scholtissek C, Hinshaw V S, Harris P A, McCauley J W, Strong I, Alexander D J. 1997. Antigenic and genetic analyses of H1N1 influenza A viruses from European pigs. Journal of General Virology, 78, 553–562.
Clements M L, Subbarao E K, Fries L F, Karron R A, London W T, Murphy B R. 1992. Use of single-gene reassortant viruses to study the role of avian influenza A virus genes in attenuation of wild-type human influenza A virus for squirrel monkeys and adult humanvolunteers. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 30, 655–662.
Coker R J, Hunter B M, Rudge J W, Liverani M, Hanvoravongchai P. 2011. Emerging infectious diseases in southeast Asia: Regional challenges to control. Lancet, 377, 599–609.
Dawood F S, Jain S, Finelli L, Shaw M W, Lindstrom S, Garten R J, Gubareva L V, Xu X, Bridges C B, Uyeki T M. 2009, Emergence of a novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in humans. The New England Journal of Medicine, 360, 2605–2615.
Fan X, Zhu H, Zhou B, Smith D K, Chen X, Lam T T, Poon L M, Peiris M, Guan Y. 2012. Emergence and dissemination of a swine H3N2 reassortant influenza virus with 2009 pandemic H1N1 genes in pigs in China. Journal of Virology, 86, 2375–2378.
Gamblin S J, Haire L F, Russell R J, Stevens D J, Xiao B, Ha Y, Vasisht N, Steinhauer D A, Daniels R S, Elliot A, Wiley D C, Skehel J J. 2004. The structure and receptor binding properties of the 1918 influenza hemagglutinin. Science, 303, 1838–1842.
Garten R J, Davis C T, Russell C A, Shu B, Lindstrom S, Balish A, Sessions W M, Xu X, Skepner E, Deyde V, Okomo-Adhiambo M, Gubareva L, Barnes J, Smith C B, Emery S L, Hillman M J, Rivailler P, Smagala J, de Graaf M, Burke D, et al. 2009. Antigenic and genetic characteristics of swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza viruses circulating in humans. Science, 325, 197–201.
Hoffmann E, Stech J, Guan Y, Webster R G, Perez D R. 2001. Universal primer set for the full-length amplification of all influenza A viruses. Archives of Virology, 146, 2275–2289.
Howard W A, Essen S C, Strugnell B W, Russell C, Barass L, Reid S M, Brown I H. 2011. Reassortant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in pigs, United Kingdom. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 17, 1049–1052.
Igarashi M, Ito K, Kida H, Takada A. 2008. Genetically destined potentials for N-linked glycosylation of influenza virus hemagglutinin. Virology, 376, 323–329.
Kitikoon P, Sreta D, Ayudhya S N, Wongphatcharachai M, Lapkuntod J, Prakairungnamthip D, Bunpapong N, Suradhat S, Thanawongnuwech R, Amonsin A. 2011. Brief report: Molecular characterization of a novel reassorted pandemic H1N1 2009 in Thai pigs. Virus Genes, 43, 1–5.
Kuntz-Simon G, Madec F. 2009. Genetic and antigenic evolution of swine influenza viruses in Europe and evaluation of their zoonotic potential. Zoonoses Public Health, 56, 310–325.
Kyriakis C S, Olsen C W, Carman S, Brown I H, Brookes S M, Doorsselaere J V, Reeth K V. 2010. Serologic cross-reactivity with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in pigs, Europe. Emerging and Infectious Diseases, 16, 96–99.
Liang H, Lam T T, Fan X, Chen X, Zeng Y, Zhou J, Duan L, Tse M, Chan C H, Li L, Leung T Y, Yip C H, Cheung C L, Zhou B, Smith D K, Poon L L, Peiris M, Guan Y, Zhu H. 2014. Expansion of genotypic diversity and establishment of 2009 H1N1 pandemic-origin internal genes in pigs in China. Journal of Virology, 88, 10864–10874.
Matrosovich M, Tuzikov A, Bovin N, Gambaryan A, Klimov A, Castrucci M R, Donatelli I, Kawaoka Y. 2000. Early alterations of the receptor-binding properties of H1, H2, and H3 avian influenza virus hemagglutinins after their introduction into mammals. Journal of Virology, 74, 8502–8512.
Moreno A, Trani L D, Faccini S, Vaccari G, Nigrelli D, Boniotti M B, Falcone E, Boni A, Chiapponi C, Sozzi E, Cordioli P. 2011. Novel H1N2 swine influenza reassortant strain in pigs derived from the pandemic H1N1/2009 virus. Veterinary Microbiology, 149, 472–477.
Nelson M I, Viboud C, Vincent A L, Culhane M R, Detmer S E, Wentworth D E, Rambaut A, Suchard M A, Holmes E C, Lemey P. 2015. Global migration of influenza A viruses in swine. Nature Communication, 6, 6696.
Peiris J S, Poon L L, Guan Y. 2009. Emergence of a novel swine-origin influenza A virus (S-OIV) H1N1 virus in humans. Journal of Clinical Virology, 45, 169–173.
Van Reeth K, Brown I H, Olsen C W. 2012. Swine influenza virus. In: Zimmerman J J, Karriker L, Ramirez A, Schwartz K, Stevenson G, eds, Diseases of Swine. 10th ed. John Wiley & Sons, Ames, IA. pp. 557–572.
Schnell J R, Chou J J. 2008. Structure and mechanism of the M2 proton channel of influenza A virus. Nature, 451, 591–595.
Song M S, Lee J H, Pascua P N, Baek Y H, Kwon H I, Park K J, Choi H W, Shin Y K, Song J Y, Kim C J, Choi Y K. 2010. Evidence of human-to-swine transmission of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus in South Korea. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 48, 3204–3211.
Starick E, Lange E, Fereidouni S, Bunzenthal C, Hoveler R, Kuczka A, Beilage E, Hamann H P, Klingelhofer I, Steinhauer D, Vahlenkamp T, Beer M, Harder T. 2011. Reassorted pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus discovered from pigs in Germany. Journal of General Virology, 2011, 92, 1184–1188.
Sun Y F, Wang X H, Li X L, Zhang L, Li H H, Lu C, Yang C L, Feng J, Han W, Ren W K, Tian X X, Tong G Z, Wen F, Li Z J, Gong X Q, Liu X M, Ruan B Y, Yan M H, Yu H. 2016. Novel triple-reassortant H1N1 swine influenza viruses in pigs in Tianjin, Northern China. Veterinary Microbiology, 183, 85–91.
Vijaykrishna D, Poon L L, Zhu H, Ma S K, Li O T, Cheung C L, Smith G J, Peiris J S, Guan Y. 2010. Reassortment of pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza A virus in swine. Science, 328, 1529.
Vijaykrishna D, Smith G J, Pybus O G, Zhu H, Bhatt S, Poon L L, Riley S, Bahl J, Ma S K, Cheung C L, Perera R A, Chen H, Shortridge K F, Webby R J, Webster R G, Guan Y, Peiris J S. 2011. Long-term evolution and transmission dynamics of swine influenza A virus. Nature, 473, 519–522.
Vincent A, Awada L, Brown I, Chen H, Claes F, Dauphin G, Donis R, Culhane M, Hamilton K, Lewis N, Mumford E, Nguyen T, Parchariyanon S, Pasick J, Pavade G, Pereda A, Peiris M, Saito T, Swenson S, Van Reeth K, et al. 2014. Review of influenza A virus in swine worldwide: A call for increased surveillance and research. Zoonoses Public Health, 61, 4–17.
Vincent A L, Perez D R, Rajao D, Anderson T K, Abente E J, Walia R R, Lewis N S. 2017. Influenza A virus vaccines for swine. Veterinary Microbiology, 206, 35–44.
Wang Z, Yang H, Chen Y, Tao S, Liu L, Kong H, Ma S, Meng F, Suzuki Y, Qiao C, Chen H. 2017. A single-amino-acid substitution at position 225 in hemagglutin in alters the transmissibility of eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus in guinea pigs. Journal of Virology, 91, 00800-17.
Weingartl H M, Berhane Y, Hisanaga T, Neufeld J, Kehler H, Emburry-Hyatt C, Hooper-McGreevy K, Kasloff S, Dalman B, Bystrom J, Alexandersen S, Li Y, Pasick J. 2010. Genetic and pathobiologic characterization of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza viruses from a naturally infected swine herd. Journal of Virology, 84, 2245–2256.
Yang H, Chen Y, Qiao C, Xu C, Yan M, Xin X, Bu Z, Chen H. 2015. Two different genotypes of H1N2 swine influenza virus isolated in northern China and their pathogenicity in animals. Veterinary Microbiology, 175, 224–231.
 
[1] LIU Yan, WANG Rui, PAN Zhan-lei, ZHENG Xun-hua, WEI Huan-huan, ZHANG Hong-rui, MEI Bao-ling, QUAN Zhi, FANG Yun-ting, JU Xiao-tang. Quantifying in situ N2 fluxes from an intensively managed calcareous soil using the 15N gas-flux method[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(9): 2750-2766.
[2] ZHANG Ying, CAO Yu-fen, HUO Hong-liang, XU Jia-yu, TIAN Lu-ming, DONG Xing-guang, QI Dan, LIU Chao. An assessment of the genetic diversity of pear (Pyrus L.) germplasm resources based on the fruit phenotypic traits[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(8): 2275-2290.
[3] ZHANG Min, XING Li-juan, REN Xiao-tian, ZOU Jun-jie, SONG Fu-peng, WANG Lei, XU Miao-yun. Evidence of silk growth hampering in maize at high planting density using phenotypic and transcriptional analysis[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(11): 3148-3157.
[4] PENG Chao, MA Biao, ZHANG Chen. Poverty alleviation through e-commerce: Village involvement and demonstration policies in rural China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(4): 998-1011.
[5] Jing WAN, HUANG Cong, LI Chang-you, ZHOU Hong-xu, REN Yong-lin, LI Zai-yuan, XING Long-sheng, ZHANG Bin, QIAO Xi, LIU Bo, LIU Cong-hui, XI Yu, LIU Wan-xue, WANG Wen-kai, QIAN Wan-qiang, Simon MCKIRDY, WAN Fang-hao . Biology, invasion and management of the agricultural invader: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(3): 646-663.
[6] WU Qiu-lin, SHEN Xiu-jing, HE Li-mei, JIANG Yu-ying, LIU Jie, HU Gao, WU Kong-ming. Windborne migration routes of newly-emerged fall armyworm from Qinling Mountains–Huaihe River region, China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(3): 694-706.
[7] HUANG Cong, LANG Kun, QIAN Wan-qiang, WANG Shu-ping, CAO Xiao-mei, HE Rui, ZHAN An-ran, CHEN Meng-yao, YANG Nian-wan, LI Fei. InvasionDB: A genome and gene database of invasive alien species[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(1): 191-200.
[8] DU Ya-dan, CUI Bing-jing, ZHANG Qian, SUN Jun, WANG Zhen, NIU Wen-quan. Utilizing comprehensive decision analysis methods to determine an optimal planting pattern and nitrogen application for winter oilseed rape[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(9): 2229-2238.
[9] ZHANG Gui-fen, MA De-ying, WANG Yu-sheng, GAO You-hua, LIU Wan-xue, ZHANG Rong, FU Wen-jun, XIAN Xiao-qing, WANG Jun, KUANG Meng, WAN Fang-hao. First report of the South American tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), in China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(7): 1912-1917.
[10] QIAO Xi, LI Yan-zhou, SU Guang-yuan, TIAN Hong-kun, ZHANG Shuo, SUN Zhong-yu, YANG Long, WAN Fang-hao, QIAN Wan-qiang.
MmNet: Identifying Mikania micrantha Kunth in the wild via a deep Convolutional Neural Network
[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(5): 1292-1300.
[11] WANG Yu-sheng, DAI Tian-mei, TIAN Hu, WAN Fang-hao, ZHANG Gui-fen. Range expansion of the invasive cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley: An increasing threat to agricultural and horticultural crops in China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(3): 881-885.
[12] Oluwashola OLANIYAN, Neus RODRíGUEZ-GASOL, Nathalie CAYLA, Eleonor MICHAUD, Steve D. WRATTEN.
Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc), a potential threat to China’s potato industry
[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(2): 338-349.
[13] YANG Fang-yuan, GUO Jian-jun, LIU Ning, ZHANG Run-zhi.
Genetic structure of the invasive Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata populations in China
[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(2): 350-359.
[14] HAO Lu-yang, LIU Xu-yang, ZHANG Xiao-jing, SUN Bao-cheng, LIU Cheng, ZHANG Deng-feng, TANG Huai-jun, LI Chun-hui, LI Yong-xiang, SHI Yun-su, XIE Xiao-qing, SONG Yan-chun, WANG Tian-yu, LI Yu .
Genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of drought related genes in roots of two maize inbred lines with contrasting drought tolerance by RNA sequencing
[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(2): 449-464.
[15] WANG Yu-sheng, TIAN Hu, WAN Fang-hao, ZHANG Gui-fen. Species-specific COI primers for rapid identification of a globally significant invasive pest, the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2019, 18(5): 1042-1049.
No Suggested Reading articles found!