蛹期干旱胁迫对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊交配及虱螨脲敏感性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.14.007

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Drought stress during the entire developmental period of Bradysia odoriphaga significantly suppresses its population occurrence. However, the specific impact of drought stress applied solely during the pupal stage on its population remains unreported. This study aims to clarify the effects of pupal-stage drought stress on the mating behavior of B. odoriphaga and the sensitivity of its F₁ generation to lufenuron. It further explores the regulatory mechanism of soil drought stress on the B. odoriphaga population, providing a theoretical basis for reducing chemical pesticide application in its control.【Method】Soil drought treatment (10% relative water content) and soil wet treatment (40% relative water content) were established. Differences in water loss rate, developmental duration, and adult longevity were measured under these soil humidity conditions. Mating behavior of emerged adults was observed through paired trials. The sensitivity of F₁ 2nd-instar larvae to lufenuron was determined using the stem-dip method. Additionally, detoxifying enzyme activities and the expression levels of related coding genes were measured.【Result】Drought stress during the pupal stage significantly shortened adult longevity but did not affect pupal developmental duration. Mating trials revealed that drought-stressed males exhibited a 78.70% decrease in courtship attempts per minute, a 76.44% reduction in courtship duration per minute, and a 78.57% decline in mating success rate. Under drought treatment, the water loss rates at 72 h were 36.12% for female pupae and 41.12% for male pupae, both significantly higher than those in the wet treatment group. The LC₅₀value for F₁ 2nd-instar larvae from the drought group (14.343 mg·L^-1) decreased by 37.37% compared to the wet group (22.902 mg·L^-1). The mortality rate of 2nd-instar larvae treated with 14.00 mg·L^-1 lufenuron was 53.33% in the drought treatment group and 26.67% in the wet treatment group. The difference was significant. The activities of P450 detoxifying enzymes, glutathione S-transferase and carboxylesterase in drought treatment group were significantly lower than those in wet treatment group. The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expression levels of CarE2, CarE3, GSTd1, CYP6QE1 and CYP3356A in the drought treatment group were significantly lower than those in the wet treatment group. The expression levels of CarE1 and CYP6FU12 were not significantly different, and the expression of GSTd2 was significantly up-regulated.【Conclusion】Drought stress leads to significant water loss in pupae, shortens adult longevity, and inhibits mating behavior. The use of soil drought stress during pupal stage can inhibit the occurrence of B. odoriphaga population. At the same time, drought stress during pupal stage leads to the increase of the lethal rate of lufenuron to F₁ larvae and the change of detoxifying enzyme activity in larvae, indicating that it is feasible to control B. odoriphaga with drought stress and chemical control.

Key words: Bradysia odoriphaga, drought stress, mating behavior, lufenuron, detoxifying enzyme

LIU WenLong, CHANG YiFang, LI WenYu, SUN LiJuan, ZHENG ChangYing. Effects of Drought Stress During the Pupal Stage on Mating Behavior and Sensitivity to Lufenuron in Bradysia odoriphaga[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(14): 2793-2804.

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References 41

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基因 Gene	引物名称 Prime name	序列信息 Sequence information (5′-3′)
CarE	CarE1-F	GTGCAAGGTGTTTCGCTGAG
	CarE1-R	GTGCAATTGGAACGGGAACC
	CarE2-F	TGTGTCCCACAGCACAAAGT
	CarE2-R	CAGGATCGGCGGATTGAAGA
	CarE3-F	TCCGGCAAACGTGGAAAAAC
	CarE3-R	GCATACACCCTTCACACCCA
GSTs	GST-d1-F	ATGCCGTGCTGTCTTGATGA
	GST-d1-R	ATCAACCATGGTCGGGATCG
	GST-d2-F	TGACCGTGCCAAAGTCATCA
	GST-d2-R	AGGCCTAAACTGGCACATCC
P450	CYP3356A1-F	GCAGCATAGTGCAGAGGTGA
	CYP3356A1-R	CAACAGCCGCTCTCAAATCG
	CYP6QE1-F	CCCACGTTCACATCCGGTAA
	CYP6QE1-R	GCTTACCGCTAACCGATCCA
	CYP6FU12-F	AAGCTGGGCCTAATGCTTGT
	CYP6FU12-R	CTGGCTGATCGCGGAGTTAT
RPS15	RPS15-F	ATCGTGGCGTCGATTTGGAT
RPS15	RPS15-R	CTCATTTGGTGGGGCTTCCT

处理 Treatment	发育历期Developmental duration (d)		成虫寿命Adult longevity (d)
处理 Treatment	雌蛹Female pupa	雄蛹<BOLD>M</BOLD>ale pupa	雌虫Female adult	雄虫<BOLD>M</BOLD>ale adult
湿润处理Wet treatment	4.58±0.11a	4.95±0.11a	4.55±0.28b	4.60±0.31b
干旱处理Drought treatment	4.85±0.10a	4.83±0.11a	2.60±0.26a	2.35±0.25a

处理时长 Processing time (h)	雌蛹失水率Female pupa water loss rate (%)		雄蛹失水率Male pupa water loss rate (%)
处理时长 Processing time (h)	干旱处理 Drought treatment	湿润处理 Wet treatment	干旱处理 Drought treatment	湿润处理 Wet treatment
24	12.72±6.01bcA	1.72±0.44abA	23.42±3.06cA	1.20±0.79aA
48	22.38±3.19bAB	3.34±1.24aA	35.66±1.52cB	4.33±2.33aA
72	36.12±2.09bB	4.91±1.18aA	41.12±2.94bB	5.85±5.12aA

项目 Item	干旱雌虫+干旱雄虫 Dry female+dry male	湿润雌虫+湿润雄虫 Wet female+wet male	干旱雌虫+湿润雄虫 Dry female+wet male	湿润雌虫+干旱雄虫 Wet female+dry male
交配时长Mating duration (s)	404.67±33.93a	377.07±24.49a	352.83±75.74a	372.30±71.18a
每分钟求偶次数 Courtship per minute	0.36±0.11b	1.69±0.15a	0.50±0.19b	0.50±0.19b
每分钟求偶时长 Courtship time per minute (s)	1.60±0.57b	6.79±0.75a	2.42±0.73b	1.69±0.76b
交配率Mating rate (%)	20.00±11.55b	93.33±6.67a	33.33±11.55b	40.00±9.32b

处理Treatment	斜率Slope	LC₅₀(95% CL) (mg·L^-1)	卡方χ² (df)
湿润处理Wet treatment	0.914±0.233	22.902 (12.048-60.793)	2.402 (3)
干旱处理Drought treatment	0.763±0.119	14.343 (7.909-33.892)	2.065 (3)

Effects of Drought Stress During the Pupal Stage on Mating Behavior and Sensitivity to Lufenuron in Bradysia odoriphaga

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