绿色高效生产模式下新疆棉花单产提升面临问题与途径分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.06.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Cotton production in Xinjiang is transforming from high input of production materials to green, high efficiency and light simplification. This paper analyzed the existing issues as well as advantages and disadvantages of cotton production in Xinjiang under the green and high efficiency mode of production, so as to understand the current situation of cotton production in Xinjiang, explore ways and means to improve the yield per unit area, and put forward suggestions and countermeasures for improving the yield per unit area. This paper provided a detailed analysis of the current status of green and efficient cotton production in Xinjiang in recent years, focusing on resource conditions, mechanization levels, and management practices. Specifically, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers was close to 40%, the area under drip irrigation exceeded 1.86 million hm², the recovery rate of plastic films from farmland in the current season reaches 80%, the comprehensive mechanization rate for tillage, sowing, and harvesting attained 94.5%, locally developed cotton varieties accounted more than 90% of the market share across Xinjiang, and the average managed area per cotton farmer reached 20 hm². These achievements demonstrated efficient resource utilization, enhanced production efficiency, and standardized and normalized management. However, these challenges remained, which included drip irrigation systems and technologies that lagging behind the demands of modern agriculture, excessive inputs of fertilizers, pesticides, and plastic films, inadequate implementation of technologies with poor alignment with regional needs, and a lack of environmental-friendly concepts among cotton farmers. Therefore, it was quite challenging to maintain green and efficient production while also increasing cotton yield per unit area. It was recommended to improve the efficiency of water utilization by modifying drip irrigation systems and refining technological models, fostering superior crop populations to boost yield. We should optimize the input of fertilizers, pesticides, and plastic films, apply fertilizers rationally, prevent the abuse of pesticides, and intensify the management of residual plastic films, supporting yield enhancement through the improvement of resources and the environment. Efforts should be made to ensure the implementation of technologies aligned with regional needs, advocating for green development concepts and guaranteeing sustainable yield enhancement through changes in management and mindset. To achieve high-quality development of cotton in Xinjiang, it was essential to leverage regional characteristics and scale advantages, making production more specialized. We should refine, improve, integrate, and innovate technologies in production details, promoting sustained and healthy economic and ecological development in Xinjiang's cotton regions through green and efficient cotton planting.

Key words: Xinjiang, cotton, green and high efficiency, yield per unit area increase, approach analysis

TIAN LiWen, LOU ShanWei, ZHANG PengZhong, DU MingWei, LUO HongHai, LI Jie, PAHATI MaiMaiTi, MA TengFei, ZHANG LiZhen. Analysis of Problems and Pathways for Increasing Cotton Yield per Unit Area in Xinjiang Under Green and Efficient Production Mode[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(6): 1102-1115.

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References 63

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年份 Year	黄河流域 The Yellow River Basin		长江流域 Yangtze River Basin		新疆维吾尔自治区 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region		面积汇总 Area summary (×10³hm²)	产量合计 Total output (×10⁴t)	新疆维吾尔自治区占比Proportion of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (%)
年份 Year	面积 Area (×10³hm²)	产量 Yield (×10⁴t)	面积 Area (×10³hm²)	产量 Yield (×10⁴t)	面积 Area (×10³hm²)	产量 Yield (×10⁴t)	面积汇总 Area summary (×10³hm²)	产量合计 Total output (×10⁴t)	面积 Area	产量 Yield
2015	1054.2	111.4	786.3	91.0	1904.3	350.3	3744.8	552.7	50.8	63.3
2017	693.0	79.2	534.8	55.9	1963.1	408.2	3190.9	543.3	61.5	75.1
2019	428.9	49.9	340.3	36.4	2540.5	500.2	3309.7	586.5	76.7	85.2
2021	265.2	31.8	232.1	24.3	2506.1	512.9	3003.4	569.0	83.4	90.1
2023	189.7	23.8	204.8	21.9	2369.3	511.2	2763.8	556.9	85.7	91.7

地区 Area	生产成本 Cost of production	管理成本Administration cost	地租成本Land rent cost	自有地种植成本 The cost of planting its own land	自有地种植成本同比增减 The cost of self-owned land planting increased or decreased year on year (%)	租地种植成本 The cost of renting land for planting	租地种植成本同比增加The cost of renting land and planting has increased year-on-year (%)
昌吉州 Changji area	24000	3900	19500	27900	6.90	47400	1.94
巴音郭楞自治州 Bayingolin area	22500	4050	18000	26550	1.72	44550	1.02
阿克苏地区 Aksu area	21750	3900	16500	25650	-2.29	42150	-7.87
喀什地区 Kashgar area	21750	4500	18750	26250	4.17	45000	2.39

Analysis of Problems and Pathways for Increasing Cotton Yield per Unit Area in Xinjiang Under Green and Efficient Production Mode

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