Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (19): 3743-3757.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.19.003

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research on the Production Potential of Main Sugarcane Varieties Under Different Planting Modes in Hilly and Mountainous Areas

ZHAO Yong1,2(), AI Jing1,2, WANG YuTong1,2, ZHANG ZhongFu1,2, YANG HongQi3, LI JiaQun4, GUO ZhaoJian3, LIU HaiJun4, QIN Wei1,2, DENG Jun1,2(), ZHANG YueBin1,2()   

  1. 1 National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650000
    2 Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan 661699, Yunnan
    3 Dehong Sugarcane Science Research Institute, Longchuan 678707, Yunnan
    4 Menghai County Sugarcane Technology Promotion Station, Menghai 666200, Yunnan
  • Received:2024-04-27 Accepted:2024-06-21 Online:2024-10-01 Published:2024-10-09
  • Contact: DENG Jun, ZHANG YueBin

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Abstract:

【Objective】The research focused on the production potential of sugarcane main varieties under the different planting modes in mountainous and hilly regions, in order to explore the relationship between the varieties and mechanical adaptation, screen the adaptable varieties for mechanical production, and clarify the main characteristics of the varieties, thus to provide the theory for promoting the completely mechanical production of sugarcane in mountainous and hilly regions.【Method】Two different ecological types of sugarcane production regions in mountainous regions of Yunnan were selected to study the production potential of four main planting varieties, including LC05-136, YZ05-49, YZ05-51, and YZ08-1609, under two different planting modes (the completely mechanical or manual production).【Result】The yield and sucrose content of sugarcane varied between the two factors of varieties and planting modes, and the yield was significantly affected. Under the mechanical production, the yield of YZ08-1609 was significantly higher than that with the treatment of artificial production (P<0.01), while YZ05-51 showed the opposite trend (P<0.01), under the mechanical production, the sucrose content of YZ08-1609 is slightly higher than that with the artificial production (P>0.05), while these of LC05-136 and YZ05-49 were slightly decreased (P>0.05). The planting density and the emergence rate of sugarcane varied with both varieties and production modes. The planting density under the machinery production was generally higher than that under the artificial production, while the emergence rate was generally lower than that with the treatment of the artificial production. The emergence rate of YZ05-51 under the machinery production significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the emergence rate of YZ08-1609 remained relatively stable (P>0.05). The main agronomic traits of sugarcanes varied with both varieties and the production modes. The millable stalks of YZ08-1609 under the machinery production were significantly higher than that under the artificial production (P<0.05); the industrial characteristics were mainly influenced by the variety. YZ08-1609 owned higher growth potential under the machinery production, with significantly higher yield and millable stalks compared with these under the artificial production, and slightly higher sucrose content; YZ05-51 owned higher growth potential under the artificial production with the performance of higher yield under the artificial production. 【Conclusion】Different sugarcane varieties owned the different adaptabilities to the machinery production, like some sugarcane varieties were suitable for the machinery production and some were suitable for the manual production. During pushing forward the progress of the application of mechanical production in sugarcane planting, the adaptability of varieties should be fully considered. Overall, sugarcane varieties suitable for the machinery production should own higher sugarcane yield and more millable stalks, and the sucrose content should be less affected or even slightly higher than that under the manual production.

Key words: sugarcane, mechanized planting, manual planting, yield, sucrose, millable stalks

Fig. 1

Main meteorological characteristics of test sites from 2000 to 2020"

Fig. 2

Difference analysis of yield and sucrose content on new planting varieties under different cropping pattern a, b represented the differences in yield of new planting sugarcane in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively; c, d represented the difference in sucrose content between new planting sugarcane in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively. ns: No significant difference between different treatments (P>0.05), **: Extremely significant difference between different treatments (P<0.01). The same as below"

Fig. 3

Difference analysis of planting density and emergence rate on new planting sugarcane varieties under different cropping pattern a, b represented the differences analysis of planting density of sugarcane in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively. c, d represented the difference analysis of the emergence rate of sugarcane in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively. The different lowercase letters represented the differences between different varieties under manual planting system, while the different uppercase letters represented the differences between different varieties under mechanical planting system. *: Significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below"

Fig. 4

Difference analysis of main agronomic traits on new planting sugarcane under different cropping pattern a, d represented the differences of planting height of sugarcane in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively. b, e represented the differences of stem diameter of sugarcane in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively. c, f represented the differences of millable stalks of sugarcane in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively"

Fig. 5

Difference analysis of main technological traits on new planting sugarcane varieties under different cropping pattern a, d represented the differences analysis of the juice extraction yield in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively. b, e represented the difference analysis of gravity purity of sugarcane in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively. c, f represented the difference analysis of sugarcane fiber in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively"

Fig. 6

Analysis of yield and emergence rate of sugarcane varieties on the first ratoon under different cropping pattern a, b represented the yield of varieties in first ratoon in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively. c, d represented the emergence rate of varieties in first ratoon in experimental sites of Longchuan and Menghai, respectively"

Fig. 7

Difference analysis of sugarcane root dry weight under different planting pattern and tiller numbers a-d: The root dry weight and growth performance of sugarcane varieties in the large growth period; e: The comparison of root dry weight and growth performance of four tiller stems and two tiller stems during the tillering stage"

Fig. 8

Difference analysis of main industrial and agronomy traits on variety YZ08-1609 under different cropping patterns"

Fig. 9

Analysis of the main characteristics of sugarcane varieties suitable for mechanical production and prediction on the correlation of different planting traits"

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