山西小麦苗期耐低磷特性及遗传分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.05.001

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】In arid and semi-arid regions, the water and nutrients are scarce in the soil. The phosphorus use efficiency between different wheat genotypes varies greatly. Therefore, identification of low phosphorus-tolerant germplasm and mapping of related loci is helpful for genetic improvement of wheat. 【Method】Using 282 Shanxi wheat varieties as materials, twelve seedling morphological indicators were investigated under three phosphorus concentrations, including SDW, RDW, DW, SFW, RFW, FW, MRL, TRL, RS, RV, RD, and RN. Principal component analysis, membership function analysis, and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the low phosphorus tolerance characteristics of different varieties at the seedling stage. On this basis, the trait evolution trend and biomass allocation at seedling stage were analyzed. At the same time, GWAS was used to identify significant loci related to the low phosphorus-related traits. 【Result】The response of different traits to low phosphorus at the seedling stage was different. Lower phosphorus concentrations led to changes in biomass allocation strategy, and shoot growth was less affected by change in phosphorus concentrations than root growth. The decrease in phosphorus concentration inhibited the growth of shoot, and SDW and SFW were significantly reduced. In contrast, low phosphorus promoted root growth, and the indicators of RDW, RFW, MRL, TRL, RV and RN increased significantly. According to the correlation analysis between D-value and morphological indicators, it was found that MRL and RD could be used as selection indicators for low phosphorus tolerance at seedling stage. Based on D-value clustering analysis, 9 low phosphorus tolerant varieties were selected, including Jinmai 46, Jinmai 61, Youmangdahongjing, Hongtumai, Hongheshang, Baikehong, Baixianmai, Huoshaotou, Baishanmai. Analysing trends in trait evolution showed that cultivars were not directly selected for their ability to tolerate low phosphorus. The ability to tolerate low phosphorus decreased first and then increased over time. Before 2010, there was a decreasing trend in the ability of varieties to tolerate low phosphorus, and after 2010, there was an increase in the ability of varieties to tolerate low phosphorus. GWAS stably detected eight loci with R²>10% in three environments, in which 1A_545074550, 2B_489279799, 6A_166899658 and 6A_273060644 were not reported previously.【Conclusion】The MRL and RD can be used as selection indicators for low phosphorus tolerance at seedling stage. A total of nine varieties were selected through comprehensive evaluation of ability in Shanxi wheat to tolerate low phosphorus during seedling stage. Association analysis detected four novel loci associated with low phosphorus tolerance on chromosomes 1A, 2B and 6A, and the results provide germplasm resources and QTL for future low phosphorus tolerance wheat breeding.

Key words: seedling stage, low phosphorus tolerance, germplasm identification, trait evolution, association analysis

WEI NaiCui, TAO JinBo, YUAN MingYang, ZHANG Yu, KAI MengXiang, QIAO Ling, WU BangBang, HAO YuQiong, ZHENG XingWei, WANG JuanLing, ZHAO JiaJia, ZHENG Jun. Seedling Characterization and Genetic Analysis of Low Phosphorus Tolerance in Shanxi Varieties[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(5): 831-845.

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Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1

Table 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Table 3

Significance loci for which PRC values of each morphological indicator were stably detected in three or more environments"

性状 Traits	染色体 Chr.	物理位置 Position (Mb)	标记 Marker	环境 Environment	<BOLD>P</BOLD>值 <BOLD>P</BOLD> value	表型变异解释率 R² (%)	参考文献 References
茎叶部干重 SDW	7A	679.74	7A_679744088	MLP1	2.95E-04	5.98	[37]
				MLPAV	2.73E-04	6.41	[37]
				LP2	1.54E-04	6.66	[37]
				LPAV	1.08E-04	7.77	[37]
根部干重 RDW	2A	720.06	2A_720056407	MLP1	9.83E-04	5.04
		723.57	2A_723574066	LP1	1.20E-04	6.79
		728.13	2A_728131289	LP2	6.98E-04	5.49
	2B	771.81	2B_771807820	LP2	2.97E-05	8.32	[36]
		776.28	2B_776277662	MLP1	4.33E-04	5.67	[36]
				LP1	1.54E-06	10.25	[36]
	3A	697.27	3A_697265307	MLP1	3.35E-04	5.85	[37]
				MLPAV	2.52E-06	8.22	[37]
				LP2	1.42E-05	8.55	[37]
	6A	166.90	6A_166899658	MLP1	1.08E-06	10.26
				LP1	7.76E-04	5.35
				LP2	2.69E-04	6.23
		273.06	6A_273060644	LP2	7.72E-04	5.41
		273.49	6A_273485987	MLP1	9.90E-07	10.33
				LP1	8.29E-04	5.30
		596.50	6A_596501004	LP2	7.98E-05	7.18
		598.86	6A_598861692	MLPAV	1.19E-04	5.68
		599.26	6A_599260920	MLP1	6.01E-04	5.41
	7A	679.74	7A_679744223	MLP1	3.45E-10	16.79	[37]
				MLPAV	1.16E-05	7.21	[37]
				LP2	3.31E-04	6.08	[37]
		85.63	7A_85627950	MLP1	3.46E-12	20.69	[38]
				LP1	1.74E-04	6.50	[38]
				LPAV	1.95E-04	6.96	[38]
		85.66	7A_85658080	LPAV	1.03E-05	12.24	[38]
				MLPAV	9.70E-05	5.81	[38]
植株干重 DW	2B	485.17	2B_485169465	LPAV	1.51E-04	7.53
		489.28	2B_489279799	LP1	1.08E-06	10.09
				LP2	9.54E-04	5.26
		768.06	2B_768059955	LP1	5.27E-04	5.41	[36]
				LPAV	8.65E-04	5.99	[36]
		771.81	2B_771807820	LP2	7.56E-09	15.13	[36]
	7A	679.74	7A_679744088	MLP1	1.43E-04	6.45	[37]
				MLPAV	1.71E-04	6.75	[37]
				LPAV	8.41E-04	6.02	[37]
		679.74	7A_679744223	MLP1	2.19E-04	6.13	[37]
				LP2	3.36E-04	6.08	[37]
				LPAV	3.58E-04	6.77	[37]
茎叶部鲜重 SFW	1A	15.43	1A_15432092	MLPAV	9.54E-04	5.41
				LP1	9.40E-04	5.24
				LPAV	0.001	5.80
	7A	85.66	7A_85658291	MLP1	8.30E-04	5.28	[38]
				LP2	8.11E-04	5.16	[38]
				LPAV	2.38E-05	9.09	[38]
最大根长 MRL	1A	545.07	1A_545074550	MLP1	1.71E-08	13.23
				MLPAV	1.42E-07	11.12
				LP1	1.26E-04	6.24
		545.33	1A_545329345	MLP1	5.66E-09	14.11
				MLPAV	9.67E-08	11.41
				LP1	7.30E-05	6.63
		545.52	1A_545517460	MLP1	1.03E-09	16.52
				MLPAV	4.18E-08	13.20
				LP1	7.88E-05	6.98

Table 3

Fig. 7

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性状 Traits	CK			MLP			LP
性状 Traits	变幅 Range	均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)	变幅 Range	均值 Mean	变异系数 CV (%)
茎叶部干重SDW (mg)	6.13-32.31	13.71	27.04	3.98-18.01	10.87	19.87	7.24-27.05	12.78	18.77
根部干重RDW (mg)	1.41-7.47	3.83	32.73	1.12-10.49	3.86	25.74	2.46-38.74	5.37	55.15
植株干重DW (mg)	8.51-39.78	17.55	26.75	5.10-24.23	14.73	19.70	10.81-60.23	18.15	24.73
茎叶部鲜重SFW (mg)	77.69-356.73	158.54	29.20	49.80-214.49	142.33	19.58	69.39-241.62	139.49	17.39
根部鲜重RFW (mg)	27.66-103.15	54.70	32.99	15.13-91.01	55.43	24.91	23.58-107.42	67.53	23.40
植株鲜重FW (mg)	110.81-459.88	213.24	29.13	64.93-305.50	197.76	19.89	99.60-343.94	207.02	18.06
最大根长MRL (cm)	3.10-21.40	10.53	24.67	3.65-17.20	11.30	19.36	4.95-20.70	14.19	17.00
总根长TRL (cm)	7.00-67.19	32.99	33.63	5.39-62.68	32.97	26.16	16.88-88.69	50.90	27.01
根表面积RS (cm²)	1.31-8.74	4.73	32.53	0.90-7.87	4.65	24.47	2.67-10.07	6.27	22.76
根体积RV (cm³)	0.02-0.18	0.07	37.13	0.02-0.14	0.07	29.12	0.03-0.15	0.08	25.45
根直径RD (cm)	0.37-1.03	0.61	19.85	0.38-1.06	0.62	17.42	0.33-0.90	0.49	17.19
根尖数RN	3.33-31.00	9.43	41.90	2.83-18.83	8.60	31.45	5.17-37.17	16.51	33.15

性状 Traits	D值_MLP D values _MLP	D值_LP D values _LP	性状 Traits	D值_MLP D values _MLP	D值_LP D values _LP
茎叶部干重SDW	0.277**	0.079	最大根长MRL	0.155*	-0.222**
根部干重RDW	0.068	-0.121	总根长TRL	0.150*	-0.121
植株干重DW	0.229**	0.012	根表面积RS	0.055	-0.148*
茎叶部鲜重SFW	0.177**	-0.036	根体积RV	-0.044	-0.11
根部鲜重RFW	0.035	-0.131*	根直径RD	-0.214**	0.156*
植株鲜重FW	0.138*	-0.079	根尖数RN	0.149*	-0.056

Seedling Characterization and Genetic Analysis of Low Phosphorus Tolerance in Shanxi Varieties

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