Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 945-958.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.05.007

• PLANT PROTECTION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Ligands Binding Characteristics of Chemosensory Protein CsasCSP16 of Carposina sasakii

XiaoHe LIU1(),GuiSheng QIU1,ZhaoGuo TONG2,HuaiJiang ZHANG1,WenTao YAN1,Qiang YUE1,LiNa SUN1()   

  1. 1Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125100, Liaoning
    2School of Agriculture Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, Sichuan
  • Received:2020-05-11 Accepted:2020-06-22 Online:2021-03-01 Published:2021-03-09
  • Contact: LiNa SUN E-mail:liuxiaoheaye@163.com;sunlina@caas.cn

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Abstract:

【Objective】Carposina sasakii is one of the most destructive pests on orchards in north China. The objectives of this study are to get the recombinant CsasCSP16 protein, characterize the binding profiles of CsasCSP16 with some small molecular volatiles from host plants, and predict the key residue between CsasCSP16 and putative ligands. In overall this research possibly lays a theoretical and practical foundation for the understanding of olfactory mechanism in C. sasakii.【Method】The recombinant protein CsasCSP16 was induced to express by constructing prokaryotic expression system, and purified by using the Ni-NTA agarose affinity column. Then, the fluorescence competitive assay was applied, and N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (1-NPN) was selected as the fluorescence probe to measure the binding profiles of CsasCSP16 recombinant with 33 host plant volatiles and 2 sex pheromone compounds. The Modeller software was used to build three-dimensional model. CSPMbraA6 (PDB ID: 1N8U) was used as the template for homology modeling of CsasCSP16 protein structure. The modeled structure of CsasCSP16 was docked with 35 selected ligands by Autodock Vina. Then, the complexes from above step were introduced to GROMACS (2019.3) to conform the stability. Moreover, the binding energies of the complexes were calculated by g_mmpbsa and the key residues interaction between CsasCSP16 and host volatiles were predicted.【Result】The recombinant expression vector was successfully constructed, and the recombinant protein of CsasCSP16 with high purity was obtained by bacterial system. Further, competitive fluorescence binding assays with 35 candidate ligands showed that CsasCSP16 had high binding affinities against methyl salicylate, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, pentadecane, butyl heptanoate and α-pinene, and the recorded Ki values were 6.59, 6.25, 3.50, 6.73 and 4.47 μmol·L-1, respectively. Ligand docking results revealed that the Vina Scores of CsasCSP16-methyl salicylate, CsasCSP16-6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, CsasCSP16-pentadecane, CsasCSP16-butyl heptanoate and CsasCSP16-α-pinene were -6.1, -5.3, -5.8, -5.2 and -6.6, respectively. Finally, the g_mmpbsa analysis demonstrated that the binding energies of CsasCSP16-methyl salicylate, CsasCSP16-6-methyl-5- hepten-2-one, CsasCSP16-pentadecane and CsasCSP16-butyl heptanoate were -50.264, -65.551, -136.035 and -93.805 kJ·mol-1, respectively. Ile49, Val71, Ile72 and Tyr90 contribute energy more than 3 kJ·mol-1, suggesting their key involvement in the function of CsasCSP16. 【Conclusion】The CsasCSP16 has a certain binding capacity with several odors from host plant volatiles, suggesting that it may play an important role in the localization of host plants. Ile49, Val71, Ile72, and Tyr90 may be the key residues involved in the function of CsasCSP16.

Key words: Carposina sasakii, chemosensory protein (CSP), prokaryotic expression, competitive binding, molecular docking, dynamic simulation

Fig. 1

The prokaryotic expression and protein purification of recombinant protein CsasCSP16 A：CsasCSP16 cDNA核苷酸序列及其推导的氨基酸序列,信号肽序列用下划线标注,保守的半胱氨酸残基用圆圈标注,终止密码子用星号表示 Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of CsasCSP14 cDNA. Signal peptide is underlined, conserved cysteine residues are marked in circles, the stop codons are denoted by asterisks [25]。B：CsasCSP16在大肠杆菌中的表达Induciton of the CsasCSP16 in E. coli;1：蛋白分子量标签 Protein molecular weight marker;4：未诱导对照组 Control group without induction;2、3和5：IPTG诱导的表达产物 Expressed products induced by IPTG。C：超声破菌结果The result of sonication;1：蛋白分子量标签 Protein molecular weight marker;2：重组菌的上清蛋白The soluble fraction of recombinant E. coli;3：包涵体 Inclusion body。D：CsasCSP16重组蛋白的纯化 Purification of the CsasCSP16 recombinant protein;1：蛋白分子量标签 Protein molecular weight marker;2：上柱前蛋白 The proteins before purified by NTA-Ni affinity chromatography;3：流出液 Outflow;4：30 mmol·L -1 咪唑 Imidazole at 30 mmol·L -1;5：300 mmol·L-1咪唑 Imidazole at 300 mmol·L-1"

Table 1

Binding data of recombinant CsasCSP16 with different host volatiles and sex pheromone molecules"

寄主挥发物和性信息素分子
Host volatile and sex pheromone molecule		 CSP16 结合能
Binding energy (kJ·mol-1)
IC50 (μmol·L-1) Ki (μmol·L-1)
醇类 Alcohols 2-己烯醇 2-hexenol >50 >50 -
苯乙醇 Phenethyl alcohol >50 >50 -
醛类 Aldehydes 反-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-hexenal >50 >50 -
己醛 Hexanal >50 >50 -
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde >50 >50 -
庚醛 Heptanal >50 >50 -
辛醛 Octanal >50 >50 -
壬醛 Nonanal >50 >50 -
癸醛 Decanal >50 >50 -
酯类 Esters 丁酸乙酯 Ethyl butyrate >50 >50 -
乙酸丁酯 Butyl acetate >50 >50 -
乙酸异戊酯 Isoamyl acetate >50 >50 -
乙酸-顺-3-己烯酯 (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate >50 >50 -
丁酸丁酯 Butyl butyrate >50 >50 -
己酸乙酯 Ethyl hexanoate >50 >50 -
乙酸己酯 Hexyl acetate >50 >50 -
水杨酸甲酯 Methyl salicylate 18.69 6.59 -25.52
庚酸乙酯 Ethyl heptanoate >50 >50 -
己酸丁酯 Butyl hexanoate >50 >50 -
茉莉酸甲酯 Methyl jasmonate >50 >50 -
乙酸二甲基丁酯 Dimethyl butyl acetate >50 >50 -
辛酸正丁酯 Butyl octanoate >50 >50 -
庚酸丁酯 Butyl heptanoate 19.74 6.73 -21.76
辛酸丙酯 Propyl octanoate >50 >50 -
萜类 Terpenoids α-蒎烯 α-pinene 11.50 4.47 -27.61
α-罗勒烯 α-ocimene >50 >50 -
腈类 Benzonitriles 苯甲腈 Benzonitrile >50 >50 -
烷烃类 Alkanes 癸烷 Decane >50 >50 -
十四烷 Tetradecane >50 >50 -
十五烷 Pentadecane 7.90 3.50 -24.27
十六烷 Hexadecane >50 >50 -
十八烷 Octadecane >50 >50 -
酮类物质 Ketone 6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one 17.83 6.25 -22.16
Z-7-二十烯-11-酮 Z-7-eicosen-11-one >50 >50 -
Z-7-十九烯-11-酮 Z-7-nonadecen-11-one >50 >50 -

Fig. 2

Ligand-binding assay for CsasCSP16 A、B：CsasCSP16与1-NPN的结合Binding curves of CsasCSP16 to 1-NPN;C：CsasCSP16与配体的荧光竞争结合Fluorescence competition of CsasCSP16 with ligands;D：CsasCSP16对不同气味物质的结合亲和力（以1/Ki表示）的比较Comparison of the binding affinities (indicated by 1/Ki) of CsasCSP16 with different components"

Fig. 3

Three-dimensional (3D) structure of CsasCSP16 A：CsasCSP16与1N8U序列比对Alignment of CsasCSP16 and 1N8U sequence;B：CsasCSP16与1N8U的三维结构比对Superimposed structure of CsasCSP16 and the template 1N8U;C：CsasCSP16三维结构模型Three-dimensional structure of CsasCSP16;D：1N8U的三维结构模型 Three-dimensional structure of 1N8U used as a template"

Fig. 4

The Ramachandran plot of CsasCSP16 In the figure, the dark green regions are the best regions of the protein residues, the green regions are the appropriate regions of the protein residues, other regions are the irrational areas for protein residues"

Fig. 5

Binding modes of the different ligands in the putative binding pocket of CsasCSP16"

Fig. 6

RMSD value for the whole backbone of atoms of CsasCSP16-ligand complex"

Table 2

The binding free energy and components of ligand molecule"

配体
Ligand name		 范德华力
Val der Waals
(kJ·mol-1)		 静电作用力
Electrostatic force (kJ·mol-1)		 极性溶剂化能
Polar solvation energy (kJ·mol-1)		 非极性溶剂化能
Nonpolar solvation energy (kJ·mol-1)		 结合能
Binding energy (kJ·mol-1)
水杨酸甲酯
Methyl salicylate		 -82.466
(0.682)		 -18.084
(0.850)		 61.336
(0.750)		 -11.103
(0.055)		 -50.264
(0.702)
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2酮
6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one		 -93.570
(0.927)		 -16.158
(1.325)		 55.604
(0.973)		 -11.428
(0.061)		 -65.551
(1.080 )
十五烷
Pentadecane		 -164.748
(0.845)		 -0.969
(0.069)		 49.259
(0.848)		 -19.537
(0.089)		 -136.035
(1.047)
庚酸丁酯
Butyl heptanoate		 -109.800
(0.787)		 -1.567
(0.211)		 33.365
(0.782)		 -15.787
( 0.079)		 -93.805
(1.191)

Fig. 7

The key residues of the different ligands that interact with CsasCSP16 (two dimensional)"

Fig. 8

The key residues of the different ligands that interact with CsasCSP16 (three dimensional)"

Fig. 9

Single residue of CsasCSP16 energy decomposition spectrogram The X-axis denotes the residue number of the CsasCSP16 and the Y-axis denotes the interaction energy between the ligand and the CsasCSP16 residues. The important residues for binding are marked by corresponding texts"

Table 3

Binding energy contributions of some main residues"

气味分子
Volatile ligand		 相互作用能 Interaction energy (kJ·mol-1)
范围
Range (>2.0 )		 范围
Range (-1.0—-3.0 )		 范围
Range (-3.0—-5.0)		 范围
Range (<-5.0 )
水杨酸甲酯 Methyl salicylate Tyr28, Gln64, Thr68 Leu45, Ala52, Cys57, Cys60, Val71 - Ile49
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2酮
6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one		 Arg50 Met32, Ile49, Leu53, Ile72, Leu75, Trp83, Leu86, Thr87, Tyr96, Val 97, Tyr100 Thr90 -
十五烷 Pentadecane Asp91, His94 Leu15, Ile18, Leu19, Met32, Leu45, Leu53, Leu75, Trp83, Leu86, Thr87, Tyr96, Val97 Ile72, Tyr90 Ile49, Val71
庚酸丁酯 Butyl heptanoate - Leu15, Leu25, Ile29, Met32, Leu45, Leu53, Cys57, Thr68, Val71, Trp83, Leu86, Val97, Tyr100 Ile72, Tyr90 Ile49
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