长期施肥对休闲季土壤呼吸温度敏感性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.16.011

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this experiment is to study the mechanism of changes in the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (Q₁₀) during the fallow season under different agricultural management measures in the crop-fallow rotation system as it is of great importance for scientific regulation of greenhouse gas emissions of agricultural ecosystem in rain-fed areas of the Loess Plateau. 【Method】An experiment of long-term fertilization experiment was carried out in “Changwu Agricultural Ecological Experiment Station”, and the soil respiration rate, soil temperature, soil moisture, the quantity and quality of substrate under different fertilization treatments (CK, N, NP, M, and NPM) were determined during the fallow season after winter wheat was harvested for studying the mechanism of changes in the Q₁₀ during fallow season under different agricultural management measures.【Result】During the fallow season, the soil respiration rate was statistically significant under different fertilization treatments (P＜0.05), with soil respiration rate was increased by 6%-127% under different fertilization treatments. Soil temperature, soil moisture, the quantity and quality substrate were important factors affecting soil respiration rate (P＜0.05) in the experiment. The effect of soil temperature on soil respiration rate was fitted by the exponential relationship model (P＜0.05), and the soil temperature could explain 40%-57% of the variability of soil respiration rate. The response of soil respiration rate to soil moisture was fitted with a parabolic model (P ＜0.05), and the soil moisture could explain 56%-74% of the variability of soil respiration rate. In addition, the effect of the quantity and quality of the substrate on the soil respiration rate was simulated by the linear relationship model (P＜0.05), and the quantity and quality of the substrate could explain up to 66%-94% of the variability of soil respiration rate. The effect of long-term fertilization on soil organic carbon was not significant (P＞0.05) under N treatment, whereas increased soil organic carbon by 12%-36% under NP, M, and NPM treatments, respectively. At the same time, long-term fertilization reduced root stubble C by 34% under N treatment, whereas increased root stubble C by 15%-63% under NP, M, and NPM treatments, respectively. The effect of long-term fertilization on soil C﹕N was not significant (P＞0.05) under N and NP treatments, whereas increased soil C﹕N by 12%-13% under M and NPM treatments, respectively. At the same time, long-term fertilization decreased root stubble C﹕N by 8%-38%. During the fallow season, long-term fertilization decreased Q₁₀ by 12%-56%, which was closely related with substrate quantity (soil organic carbon and root stubble C) and quality (soil C﹕N and root stubble C﹕N) or their interplay (P＜0.05). Q₁₀ under different fertilization treatments increased with decreasing of soil organic carbon, root stubble C, and soil C﹕N (P＜0.05), with substrate quantity and soil C﹕N could explain 61%-95% of the variability of Q₁₀. Q₁₀ under different fertilization treatments increased with root stubble C﹕N (P＜0.05), with root stubble C﹕N could explain 72% of the variability of Q₁₀. Meanwhile, the contribution of substrate quantity and quality to Q₁₀showed the ordered of root stubble C＞ root stubble C﹕N＞ soil organic carbon ＞ soil C﹕N (2.16 vs. 1.22 vs. 0.48 vs. 0.03).【Conclusion】It was concluded that in the crop-fallow rotation system, long-term fertilization affects the variation in Q₁₀through the quantity and quality of the substrate during the fallow season in the agro-ecosystems are of great importance for scientific regulation of the greenhouse gas emissions in rain-fed areas of the Loess Plateau.

Key words: long-term fertilization, temperature sensitivity of soil respiration, quantity and quality of substrate, fallow season

ZHANG YanJun. Effect of Long-Term Fertilization on Temperature Sensitivity of Soil Respiration During Fallow Season[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(16): 3164-3174.

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