库源比改变对油橄榄产量及源叶光合作用的调节

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.03.14

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】In order to more clearly understand the mechanism of source leaf photosynthesis response to sink-source ratio alteration, the gas exchange rates, chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics and leaf carbohydrate content in a long-term (125 days after treatment) response to sink-source ratio alteration and their relationships in olive were investigated.【Method】Long-term response of gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and leaf carbohydrate was measured by using flowers removal and partial defoliation techniques at pre-flowering stages on two years old shoots of ‘Ezhi 8’ olive (Olea europaea L.) trees.【Result】The results showed that defoliation significantly reduced fruit weight and fruit setting, and flowers removal only significantly increased fruit fresh weight. In a short term (7 days after treatment) after source sink ratio decreased, soluble sugar, starch and non-structural carbohydrate content in leaves increased significantly, the source leaves net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E) decreased significantly, the intercellular CO₂ concentration increased significantly, PSII maximum photochemistry efficiency (F_v/F_m) decreased dramatically, PSII photochemistry efficiency(ΦPSⅡ), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) decreased significantly, non photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) increased significantly. Thirty days after treatment, there was no significant difference in the contents of soluble sugar, starch and non-structural carbohydrate among three treatments, while it was still exist difference of Pn, Gs, E, ΦPSⅡand NPQ among those. Sixty days after treatment, difference in most parameters of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence between control and defoliation treatment was eliminated, but Pn, Gs, E, Ciand ΦPSⅡ in flowers removal treatment were also significantly different from the controls ones. One hundred and twenty-five days after treatment, soluble sugar and starch content and most parameters of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in defoliation treatment significantly decreased, however, ΦPSⅡin flowers removal treatment was also significantly lower than the control, Ciwas also significantly higher than the control. In a 125-day period after treatment, there was a significant positive correlation between Gs and Pn (P＜0.01), between E, F_m, ΦPSII and Pn (P＜0.05), and there was no significant correlation between Ci, NSC and Pn.【Conclusion】In the long-term response of gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and leaf carbohydrate to sink-source ratio alteration,PSII photochemistry efficiency (ΦPSⅡ) may be the main reason for the decrease of Pn, rather than the result of feedback inhibition of leaf carbohydrate accumulation. Defoliation can improve olive leaf photosynthetic capacity in a short term, but it will accelerate leaf senescence.

Key words: olive, sink-source relationship, photosynthesis, chlorophyll a fluorescence, the product of photosynthesis

ZHU Zhen-jia, JIANG Cheng-ying, SHI Yan-hu, WU Wen-jun, CHEN Nian-lai. Response of Yield and Leaf Photosynthesis to Sink-Source Ratio Altering Demand in Olive[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(3): 546-554.

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