不同生态区播期对直播稻生育期及温光利用的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.04.004

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of the study is to elucidate the effect of sowing date on growth stage and utilization of temperature and illumination of direct seeding rice of different varieties in different ecological regions, and to provide a preliminary theoretical basis for the scientific division and distribution of different varieties and its possible sowing date.【Method】Taking late-maturing medium japonica rice, early-maturing late japonica rice and medium-maturing late japonica rice in Taihu rice-growing district in Changshu (Sunan, N31.4°), medium-maturing medium japonica rice, late-maturing medium japonica rice and early-maturing late japonica rice in Lixiahe rice-growing district in Jiangyan (Suzhong, N 32.3°),early-maturing medium japonica rice, medium-maturing medium japonica rice and late-maturing medium japonica rice in Huaibei rice-growing district in Donghai (Subei, N 34.5°) as experimental materials, the effect of sowing date on growth stage and utilization of temperature and illumination of direct seeding rice was comparatively Studied.【Result】The results showed that along with the delayed sowing date, the date of jointing, heading and maturity of all varieties were correspondingly delayed, growth stages significantly reduced that the growth stages reduced by 0.6 days when the sowing date delayed one day. For the same type varieties, the date of jointing, heading and maturity gradually delayed and the growth stages gradually increased with latitude increasing. In the same site, the number of days of growth stages of late japonica rice reduced slightly more than the medium japonica rice with the delayed sowing date. Growth stages reduced with the delayed sowing date because of the vegetative growth period and the vegetative and reproductive growth period reduced which in a range of 2 to 24 days, the reproductive growth period was relatively stable which in a range of -2 to 1 days. The accumulated temperature and illumination hours at growth stages of all varieties reduced significantly or very significantly, which because of the accumulated temperature and illumination hours before heading, especially before jointing, the difference was significant or very significant.In the same site, the accumulated temperature and illumination hours at growth stages of late japonica rice were more than the medium japonica rice. For the same type varieties, with latitude increased, the accumulated temperature reduced, illumination hours reduced except for japonica hybrid rice. The utilization of temperature and illumination of all varieties reduced significantly or very significantly with the delayed sowing date.The number of days from sowing to heading and growth stages increased linearly with the increase of the accumulated temperature and decreased linearly with the increase of illumination hours. The number of days from heading to maturity was different between different treatments with the increase of the accumulated temperature or illumination hours. 【Conclusion】 Sowing date had great effects on growth stage and utilization of temperature and illumination of direct seeding rice. Accordingly, a preliminary division for the direct seeding rice of different variety types was made for providing a reference for the production in the large area.

Key words: ecological region, sowing date, direct seeding rice, growth stage, utilization of temperature and illumination

YAO Yi, HUO Zhong-Yang, ZHANG Hong-Cheng, XIA Yan, NI Xiao-Cheng, DAI Qi-Gen, XU Ke, WEI Hai-Yan. Effects of Sowing Date on Growth Stage and Utilization of Temperature and Illumination of Direct Seeding Rice in Different Ecological Regions[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(4): 633-647.

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