Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2011, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (22): 4660-4668.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.22.013

• STORAGE·FRESH-KEEPING·PROCESSING • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Momordica charantia L. of Different Varieties

 HUANG  Long, DENG  Yuan-Yuan, ZHANG  Ming-Wei, ZHANG  Yan, WEI  Zhen-Cheng, ZHANG  Rui-Fen, TANG  Xiao-Jun   

  1. 1.广东省农业科学院农业生物技术研究所/农业部功能食品重点开放实验室，广州 510610
  • Received:2011-02-22 Online:2011-11-15 Published:2011-07-19

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The content of free and bound phenolics and the antioxidant activity of the bitter melon flesh of different varieties were compared. 【Method】 The content of free and bound phenolics and the free flavonoids and the composition of the phenolics of free fraction of the bitter melon flesh of fourteen different varieties were determined. Also, the FRAP, DPPH and  ABTS+• antioxidant index were adopted to evaluate the antioxidant capacities of free phenolics.【Result】The free, bound and total phenolic content of 14 bitter melon cultivars ranged from 157.58 to 382.92, 6.46 to 54, and 175.27 to 413.79 mg of gallic acid equivalents/100 g dry weight (DW), respectively. The coefficients of variation (CVs) of free, bound and total phenolic content in bitter melon varieties was 23.50%, 61.04%, and 21.58 %, respectively. The percentage contribution of free phenolics to the total was 91.34%, and that of bound phenolics to the total was only 8.66%. The free flavonoid content of bitter melon samples ranged from 8.97 to 18.22 mg CE/100 g DW, The CV of free flavonoid content in bitter melon varieties was 22.80%. Vanillic acid, epicatechin and rutin were detected in bitter melon samples and ranged from 1.83 to 9.29, 35.17 to 114.52, and 0.91 to 4.53 mg/100 g DW, respectively. The CVs of vanillic acid, epicatechin and rutin content in bitter melon varieties were 43.85%, 26.97%, and 33.09%, respectively. The result of FRAP of 14 bitter varieties varied from 272.16 to 713.32 mg trolox equivalents/100 g DW and the CV was 27.67%. The IC50 values of DPPH of 14 bitter samples ranged from 11.43 to 34.14 mg GAE/100 g DW and the CV was 35.10%. The IC50 values of ABTS+• of 14 bitter samples varied from 21.57 to 119.71 mg GAE/100 g DW and the CV was 63.75%. There was a significantly positive correlation between free phenolic content and FRAP values of 14 bitter samples (P＜0.01). While there existed a significantly negative correlation between free phenilic content and the IC50 values of DPPH and ABTS+• of 14 bitter samples, respectively (P＜0.01).【Conclusion】These results indicate that there are significant differences in phenolic profilest and antioxidant activity of bitter melon among different cultivars and phenolics are the mainly active compound of antioxidant activity. Interestingly, the phenolics of bitter melon flesh are mainly present in free form.

Key words: bitter melon, phenolic, antioxidant activity

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