苹果连作土壤中主要酚酸类物质对平邑甜茶幼苗根系的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.05.016

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Effect of soil measured concentrations of phenolic acids and their mixture on the biomass and root system related indexes of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings was studied to provide theoretical basis for the research of the mitigation measures of apple continuous cropping obstacle and the guidance of the old orchard. 【Method】 The test includes the control (CK), T1 (phloretin), T2 (mixture of phenolic acids), T3 (vanillic aldehyde), T4 (phlorizin), T5 (salicylic acid), and T6 (benzoic acid), a total of 7 treatments. Effects of soil concentration of five phenolic acids and their mixture on the biomass, root mitochondria-related indicators, root activity, root antioxidant related enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT), and changes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) related aconitase enzymes on seedlings of Malus hupehensis Rehd. 【Result】 Five phenolic acids and their mixture reduced the root and stem fresh weight of the Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings and the mixture of phenolic acids (T2) had the most inhibitory effect, which fresh weight were 27.3% and 51.7% as control, respectively. Compared to a single phenolic acid treatment, the largest damage treatment was phloridzin (T4), and the root and stem fresh weight were 27.3% and 51.7% as control, respectively. Treatments that caused damage to the biomass of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were sorted as: Mixed phenolic acids＞Phlorizin＞Phloretin＞Vanillic aldehyde＞Salicylic acid＞Benzoic acid＞Control. Different phenolic acids treatments reduced the root activity of the Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings. With the extension of treatment time, the root activity decreased more significantly. Root activity of T2 reduced the most significant after treatment of 1, 3, 5 d, which were 73.0%, 71.7% and 76.1% as control, respectively. Root activity of T4 reduced the most significant after treatment of 10, 15 d, which reduced from 85.5% to 54.4% as control. Different phenolic acids treatments also reduced the root activity of SOD, POD and CAT. Different phenolic acids treatments could significantly increase the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). With the extension of treatment time, the content of MDA increased more significantly. The MDA of T2 increased the most significant after treatment of 1, 3, 5 d, which were 7.71, 1.66, and 1.66 times as control, respectively. The content of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) increased first and then decreased. The H₂O₂ of T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 increased the most significant after treatment of 3 d, which were 2.50, 2.36, 2.58, 2.59, 2.40 and 2.58 times as control, respectively. Different phenolic acids treatments inhibited the TCA cycle related activity of aconitase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, which consistent declined in root activity. However, different phenolic acids treatments had no effect on fumaric acid enzyme activity. The phenolic acids increased the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, decreased the membrane electric potential and cytochrome c/a. The cytochrome c/a of T2 reduced the most significant after treatment of 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 d, which were 76.0%, 76.9%, 69.1%, 66.4%, 64.2% as control, respectively. Followed by T4 treatment, the cytochrome c/a of T4 at 15 d varied from low to high: Mixed phenolic acids＞Phlorizin＞Phloretin＞Vanillic aldehyde＞Salicylic acid＞Benzoic acid＞Control.【Conclusion】Phenolic acids mixtures, phlorizin and phloretin had greater inhibition effect on the growthof Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings. The results showed that phlorizin and phloretin were the main phenolic acids in the replanted apple orchards. When updating the old orchard, a variety of measures can be used to degrade phlorizin and phloretin primarily to ease harm caused by phenolic acids in the apple replant disease.

Key words: apple replant disease, phenolic acids, mitochondria related index, TCA related enzymes

YIN Cheng-miao, HU Yan-li, WANG Gong-shuai, ZHANG Xian-fu, ZHOU Hui, SHEN Xiang, CHEN Xue-sen, MAO Zhi-quan. Effect of Main Phenolic Acids of the Apple Replanted Soil on the Roots of Malus hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(5): 961-969.

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Effect of Main Phenolic Acids of the Apple Replanted Soil on the Roots of Malus hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings

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