Abstract:

【Objective】 The genetic diversity of upland landrace rices were detected, and the genetic similarity and genetic difference among different geographical origins of China were analyzed, in order to provide useful information for effective management and utilization in rice breeding. 【Method】 The polymorphism of SSR markers, genetic similarity and cluster of 158 upland landrace rices from 17 provinces or areas of China and 20 upland rice germplasms from Brazil were analyzed using 39 pairs of SSR markers. 【Result】 A total of 308 alleles were detected in upland landrace rices from China, and the alleles per pair of primers ranged from 2 to 21 with the mean value of 7.8974. Among these loci, RM72, RM241, RM232 and RM412 had more alleles, which were 21, 17, 16 and 15, respectively. The Nei’s gene diversity indices varied from 0.0435 to 0.8989 and the average value was 0.6153. RM232, RM72 and RM241 showed higher gene diversity indices, which were 0.8989, 0.8914 and 0.8883, respectively. The average number of alleles per pair of primers and the Nei’s gene diversity indices for indica upland landrace rices were 6.4359 and 0.6227, but those of japonica upland landrace rices were 6.9744 and 0.5087. The genetic identity indices for indica upland landrace rices among different provinces or areas of China were from 0.4007 to 0.8959 with the mean value of 0.7168, while that of japonica upland landrace rices were from 0.5803 to 0.9581 with the average of 0.7643. 【Conclusion】 Test of significance demonstrated that indica upland landrace rices were more gene diversity than japonica upland landrace rices. The genetic identity indices for japonica upland landrace rices among different provinces or areas were higher than that of indica upland landrace rices. The japonica upland landrace rices from the provinces or areas which had geographical proximity had a similar hereditary basis; however the correlated relation was not distinct in indica upland landrace rices.

Key words: upland landrace rice, indica rice, japonica rice, genetic diversity, genetic similarity